Serbs of Montenegro
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Serbs of Montenegro (
History
During the
In 1018, all of Serbian principalities came under the supreme rule of the
After 1180, all of what is today Montenegro came under the rule of Grand Prince
Montenegro saw independence under the
During the Second World War both Serbs and Montenegrins were very active in both resistance movements, the
Yugoslav Partisan
After the separation of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia in 1991 and 1992,
Since independence, the Montenegrin society has been divided among many issues. The independence supporters are advocating for the creation of a separate Montenegrin language, regarded before as a dialect of the Serbian language, including the creation of a new Montenegrin Cyrillic alphabet which shares the same letters with the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet except for the addition of two new letters. The Serb population of Montenegro is opposed to the idea of a linguistic separation, just as they are opposed to the separation of the Montenegrin Orthodox Church from the jurisdiction of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The Montenegrin language eventually gained international recognition and was assigned the ISO 639-2 and -3 code [cnr] in December 2017.[14] However, the Montenegrin Orthodox Church is canonically unrecognized as of 2021.
In 2006, the
The links between the two nations remain strong, and the fact that for the last two centuries a great number of Montenegrins had emigrated to Serbia further strengthens the ties. The Montenegrin littoral is still the main tourist destination for citizens of Serbia, and a large population of Serbians own property in Montenegro. Many of these properties consist of summer homes, and contribute to a seasonal influx of Serbs in Montenegro, during the summers. Despite the geopolitical separation, the economic balance and relationship shared between the two countries continues to be strong.[citation needed]
Culture
Language
The national language of Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called Serbian.
Some 42.9% of the population of the country speak Serbian as their mother tongue, including 37% of the declared Montenegrins. Serbian was the official language of Montenegro until 2007 when the new Constitution of Montenegro replaced the Constitution of 1992. Amid opposition from pro-Serbian parties,[17]
Montenegrin language was made the sole official language of the country and Serbian was given the status of a recognised minority language along with Bosnian, Albanian, and Croatian.[18] Since 2006, both in linguistic and other aspects of cultural life, ethnic Serbs of Montenegro have been exposed to gradual "non-coercive" "Montenegrinisation".[19]
Religion
The Serbs are adherents of the
The future of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro has been threatened by the newly formed Montenegrin Orthodox Church which has claimed Serbian Orthodox churches in Montenegro, and is backed by a small percentage of the Orthodox Christians in Montenegro. The government has recognized the church, however none of the Eastern Orthodox churches have. The leader is the controversial Miraš Dedeić, a former Serbian Orthodox clergyman with Serbian nationalist views who, after being suspended from the Serbian Church, went to Rome and became a Greek Orthodox clergyman.[21]
Folk attire
The
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, Serbs are the second largest ethnic group and constitute 28.7% of the population of Montenegro. They are absolute majority in three and relative majority in another three municipalities, and constitute less than 20% of population in only four out of total 21 municipalities in the country. The percentage of Serbs in municipalities of Montenegro is as follows:
- Plužine (65.65%)
- Andrijevica (61.86%)
- Pljevlja (57.07%)
- Herceg Novi (48.89%) (relative majority)
- Berane (42.96%) (relative majority)
- Šavnik (42.42%)
- Žabljak (41.30%)
- Budva (37.71%)
- Bijelo Polje (35.96%) (relative majority)
- Kolašin (35.75%)
- Mojkovac (35.47%)
- Tivat (31.61%)
- Kotor (30.57%)
- Danilovgrad (27.07%)
- Bar (25.34%)
- Nikšić (25.31%)
- Podgorica (23.26%)
- Plav (16.01%)
- Ulcinj (5.75%)
- Cetinje (4.36%)
- Rožaje (3.58%)
Notable people
This section's factual accuracy is disputed. (December 2021) |
Miloš Raonić |
See also
- Montenegro-Serbia relations
- Montenegrins of Serbia
- Serbia and Montenegro
- Serbian-Montenegrin unionism
Notes
- ^ See: Controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Montenegro
- ). Срби у Црној Гори / Srbi u Crnoj Gori, meaning "Serbs in Montenegro".
References
- ^ "Stanovništvo Crne Gore prema polu, tipu naselja, nacionalnoj, odnosno etničkoj pripadnosti, vjeroispovijesti i maternjem jeziku po opštinama u Crnoj Gori" [Population of Montenegro by sex, type of settlement, national or ethnic affiliation, religion and mother tongue by municipalities in Montenegro] (PDF) (in Montenegrin and English). Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ Charles Seignobos, Political History of Europe, since 1814, ed. S. M. Macvane, H. Holt and Company, New York, 1900, pp. 663–664; excerpt from chapter XXI The Christian Nations of The Balkans, subchapter Servia and Montenegro, passages Montenegro
- ^ "Projekat Rastko Cetinje – Slavenko Terzic – Ideoloski korijeni crnogorske nacije i crnogorskog separatizma". Rastko.rs. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ "Official results of the 2011 Montenegrin census" (PDF).
- ^ Ćirković 2004, p. 11-12.
- ^ Moravcsik 1967.
- ^ a b Fine 1991.
- ^ Ćirković 2004, p. 26-27.
- ISBN 978-0-521-41411-1.
- ^ Ćirković 2004.
- ^ Banac 1992, p. 285.
- ^ a b Elizabeth Roberts. Realm of the Black Mountain: A History of Montenegro. London, England, UK: Cornell University Press, 2007. Pp. 1.
- ^ "Montenegro vote result confirmed". BBC News. 23 May 2006. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ "Montenegrin language ISO code [cnr] assigned • SENAT.me - MeP". 11 December 2017.
- ^ NARS (2010): Fourteenth Sitting of the Committee on Relations with Serbs Living Outside Serbia
- ^ cf. Roland Sussex, Paul Cubberly, The Slavic Languages, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2006; esp. v. pp. 73: "Serbia had used Serbian as an official language since 1814, and Montenegro even earlier.".
- ^ "Pro-Serbian parties oppose Montenegro constitution". Setimes.com. 26 October 2007. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ "Ustav Crne Gore". Snp.co.me. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ^ Financial Times (2007): Neil MacDonald, Montenegro's ethnicity debate intensifies
- ^ see: Religion in Montenegro
- ^ Kostic, Stevan. "Rat i Miraš, ko je i šta priča prvi čovek nepriznate CPC" [War and Mirash, who is and what is the story of the first man of the unrecognized CPC]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Bosnian). Retrieved 2021-04-14 – via www.rts.rs.
- ^ "Crna Gora i Crnogorci" by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić
- ^ "O najstarijoj kapi kod Jugoslovena..." by Miodrag Vlahović
- ^ Crna Gora... Narodni život i običaji" by Andrija Jovićević
- ^ "Crnogorska muška kapa" by Zorica Radulović
- ^ "Fizicki lik i izgled Njegosa" by Jovan Vukmanović
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