Sergeant Stubby

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Sergeant Stubby
Sergeant Stubby c. 1920
Born1916
DiedMarch 16, 1926 (aged 9–10)[1]
Place of display
Smithsonian "The Price of Freedom" exhibition
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Army
Years of service1917–18
Rank Sergeant
Unit102nd Infantry Regiment, 26th (Yankee) Division
Battles/warsWorld War I
AwardsHumane Education Society Gold Medal
Wound stripe
Other workMascot for Georgetown Hoyas

Sergeant Stubby (1916 – March 16, 1926) was a dog and the unofficial mascot of the 102nd Infantry Regiment and was assigned to the 26th (Yankee) Division in World War I. He served for 18 months and participated in 17 battles and four offensives on the Western Front. He saved his regiment from surprise mustard gas attacks, found and comforted the wounded, and allegedly once caught a German soldier by the seat of his pants, holding him there until American soldiers found him.[2] His actions were well-documented in contemporary American newspapers.[3][4][5]

Stubby has been called the most decorated

sergeant through combat.[6] Stubby's remains are in the Smithsonian Institution.[3][4][6]

Stubby is the subject of the 2018 animated film Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero.

Early life

Stubby was described in contemporaneous news items as a

New Haven, Connecticut, in July 1917, while members of the 102nd Infantry were training. He hung around as the men drilled and one soldier in particular, Corporal James Robert Conroy (1892–1987), developed a fondness for him.[4] When it came time for the outfit to ship out, Conroy hid Stubby on board the troop ship. As they were getting off the ship in France, he hid Stubby under his overcoat without detection.[11] Upon discovery by Conroy's commanding officer, Stubby saluted him as he had been trained to in camp, and the commanding officer allowed the dog to stay on board.[6]

Military service

Sgt. Stubby wearing his coat, dog tag and medals.

Stubby served with the 102nd Infantry Regiment in the

hand grenades. He was sent to the rear for convalescence and, as he had done on the front, improved morale. When he recovered from his wounds, Stubby returned to the trenches.[4]

In his first year of battle, Stubby was injured by

Argonne, leading to their unit's commander nominating Stubby for the rank of sergeant.[6] Following the retaking of Château-Thierry by the U.S., women of the town made Stubby a chamois coat upon which his many medals were pinned. He was later injured again, in the chest and leg by a grenade. He ultimately had two wound stripes.[13] At the end of the war, Robert Conroy and Stubby returned home.[6]

After the war

Gen. John Pershing awards Sergeant Stubby with a medal from the Humane Education Society at a White House ceremony, 1921

After returning home, Stubby became a celebrity and marched in, and normally led, many parades across the country. He met Presidents Woodrow Wilson, Calvin Coolidge, and Warren G. Harding.[6] He also appeared on vaudeville stages owned by Sylvester Z. Poli and was awarded lifetime memberships to the American Legion and the YMCA.

In 1921,

halftime, he would nudge it around the field, to the amusement of the fans.[15][16] While still a student at Georgetown, Conroy was also employed as a special agent of the Bureau of Investigation, precursor to the FBI.[17]

Stubby died in his sleep in March 1926.[4] After his death he was preserved via taxidermy and his cremains were sealed inside of the mount.[18] Conroy later presented Stubby to the Smithsonian in 1956. The taxidermy mount of the dog is part of the permanent collection at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History[19] and is currently on display in their “Price of Freedom: Americans at War” exhibit.

Legacy

Sgt. Stubby's brick at Liberty Memorial

Stubby received an

New York Times following his death in 1926. The obituary was half a page, much longer than the obituaries of many notable people of that time period.[14]

He was also the subject of a portrait by "Capitol artist" Charles Ayer Whipple.

Liberty Memorial in Kansas City to commemorate Sergeant Stubby.[21]

Stubby was the subject of at least four books.[11][22][23][24] In 2014, BBC Schools WWI series used Stubby as a Famous Figure to help teach children about the war, along with creating an animated comic strip to illustrate his life.[25][26]

Stubby has his portrait on display at the West Haven Military Museum in Connecticut.[11]

The descendants of Robert Conroy dedicated a life-size bronze statue of Stubby named "Stubby Salutes," by Susan Bahary, in the Connecticut Trees of Honor Memorial at Veteran's Memorial Park in Middletown, Connecticut, in May 2018. The statue pays tribute to fallen Connecticut veterans, where both Stubby and Robert Conroy are from.

Animated film

Mikros Image[32]
and produced by Irish-American studio Fun Academy Media Group.

The film received high marks from film critics and was officially endorsed by several high-profile institutions, including the Humane Society of the United States, the Armed Services YMCA, the Westminster Kennel Club, and the United States World War One Centennial Commission. Unfortunately, the film's nationwide release coincided with studio tent-poles Avengers: Infinity War and Rampage, as well as the expansion of Wes Anderson's critically acclaimed, animated dog movie Isle of Dogs.

The film received generally positive reviews and numerous awards including the Parents' Choice Foundation Gold Award and The Dove Foundation's All Ages Seal of Approval, despite the film not containing any explicit faith-based messaging.[33][34][35]

Despite the initial theatrical setback, Sgt. Stubby has been released in over two dozen countries and picked up festival awards in Australia, France, Spain, and the United Kingdom. In December 2018, Sgt. Stubby was acquired for home media distribution by Paramount Pictures.

In November 2019, Fun Academy announced a new subscription-based fan club, The Stubby Squad, which offers members-only video programming, downloadable activities, and a crowdfunding element to help develop future Stubby projects. The website also offers a free web comic for non-members, Stubby & Friends, and details regarding their plans to tell the rest of Stubby's life – including his time in vaudeville and accompanying Conroy on missions as a G-man – as well as an animated television series serving as a prequel to his adoption by Conroy.

The series was announced to be developed by writers Scott Christian Sava (Animal Crackers, The Dreamland Chronicles), Audry Taylor (Pet Robots), and David Wise (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Batman: The Animated Series).[36] Wise died months after the announcement.

See also

  • carrier pigeon
    displayed along with Stubby in the Smithsonian Institution's Americans at War: The Price of Freedom exhibit.
  • Chips, most decorated dog from World War II
  • Dogs in Warfare
  • List of individual dogs
  • Military animal
  • Owney, famous postal mascot dog and world traveler, also on display at the Smithsonian Institution
  • Rags (dog)
  • Yorkshire terrier
    war dog, credited with 12 combat missions and awarded eight battle stars
  • Wojtek, a bear who fought alongside the Polish Land Forces during the latter part of World War II and was eventually promoted to corporal

References

  1. ISBN 978-1426213106.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  2. .
  3. ^ a b "Stubby, World War I Canine Hero 1921". History wired. Smithsonian Institution. March 16, 2012. Archived from the original on November 17, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Kane, Gillian; Larson-Walker, Lisa, Illustrator (May 7, 2014). "Sergeant Stubby: America's original dog of war fought bravely on the Western Front—then helped the nation forget the Great War's terrible human toll". Slate.com. Archived from the original on July 13, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Reprinted in Kane, Gillian (May 24, 2014). "The story of Sergeant Stubby, WWI's most decorated dog". Stars & Stripes. Archived from the original on July 1, 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d "Stubby's Obituary: Stubby of A.E.F. Enters Valhalla". The New York Times. April 4, 1926 – July 16, 2003. Archived from the original on August 2, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
  6. ^ a b c d e f ""The Price of Freedom" exhibition". Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on June 24, 2014. Retrieved July 14, 2014.
  7. ^ "Evening Public Ledger. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914–1942, July 9, 1921, NIGHT EXTRA, Image 18". Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Library of Congress. July 9, 1921. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
  8. ^ "Boston Terrier Dog Breed Information". akc.org. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  9. ^ Kane, Gillian (May 8, 2014). "Sergeant Stubby: America's original dog of war fought bravely on the Western Front—then helped the nation forget the Great War's terrible human toll". Slate. Retrieved September 18, 2019.
  10. ISBN 978-1426213106.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  11. ^
    ISBN 978-1426213106.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  12. ^ Marie Lux, Anna. "Janesville author breathes new life into Stubby the war dog". The Janesville Gazette (WI). 2014.
  13. ^ a b "Dog Hero Again Honored". Roundup Record-Tribune & Winnett Times. October 28, 1921. p. 10.
  14. ^ a b c Martin, Major General Thaddeus (April 12, 2011). "Stubby the Military Dog". Connecticut Military department. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
  15. ^ "A Connecticut Hero: Sgt. Stubby". Archived from the original on January 17, 2015. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  16. ^ *Richmond, Derek (November 4, 2003). From Mascot to Military, Stubby Left Pawprints on Hilltop and Beyond. Georgetown, Washington, D.C: Georgetown University. Archived from the original on October 29, 2014. {{cite book}}: |newspaper= ignored (help)
  17. .
  18. ^ "Sergeant Stubby". www.atlasobscura.com. Atlas Obscura. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  19. ^ "Object record:Stubby". amhistory.si.edu. Smithsonian National Museum of American History. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  20. ^ "Brave Beasts". Legermuseum. July 18, 2008. Archived from the original on December 9, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2009.
  21. Snopes.com. November 11, 2006. Archived from the original
    on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 14, 2014.
  22. .
  23. ISBN 0811648648. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  24. .
  25. ^ "BBC Schools World War One". BBC. Archived from the original on February 19, 2015.
  26. ^ "Animation: Sergeant Stubby". BBC. March 28, 2014. Archived from the original on July 4, 2015.
  27. ^ "Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero". Official Homepage. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
  28. ^ "Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero". IMDb. Archived from the original on January 8, 2016. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
  29. ^ Pictures, Fun Academy Motion. "Logan Lerman Enlists for Fun Academy Motion Pictures' Animated Feature SGT. STUBBY". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Archived from the original on March 8, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  30. ^ "Helena Bonham Carter joins cast of animated tale "Sgt Stubby"". The Slanted. July 26, 2016. Archived from the original on July 27, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  31. ^ Studio, Fun Academy Motion Pictures. "Award Winning Actor Gérard Depardieu Joins Cast of Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Archived from the original on July 15, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  32. ^ Hero, Sgt Stubby: An American (January 24, 2017). "Fun Academy and Mikros Image's SGT. STUBBY Slated to Open on April 13, 2018". Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero. Retrieved June 12, 2017.[permanent dead link]
  33. ^ "The Movie". The World of Sgt. Stubby. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
  34. ^ Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero (2018), retrieved March 17, 2021
  35. ^ "Sgt. Stubby: An American Hero | Dove Family Friendly Movie Reviews". Dove.org. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
  36. ^ Stubby: The Series | Meet the Creative Team, retrieved December 16, 2019

Further reading

External links