Sewahenre Senebmiu
| Sewahenre Senebmiu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sonbmiu, Sonbmijew, Senebmaui | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | after 1660 BC, possibly for 1 year | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | uncertain, Se[...]kare (von Beckerath)[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | unknown | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Dynasty | 13th Dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sewahenre Senebmiu (also Sonbmiu) is a poorly attested
Attestations
Senebmiu is a poorly attested pharaoh. Contemporary attestations of Senebmiu are few and all originate from Upper Egypt. Darrell Baker and Daphna Ben Tor suggest that this may signal that the 13th Dynasty had lost control of Lower and possibly Middle Egypt at the time.[4][5]
Gebelein, stela (BM EA 24898)
A fragment of a limestone stele discovered by G.W. Fraser in 1893 in Gebelein and now in the British Museum (BM EA 24898) bears the mention "The son of Ra, of his body, Senebmiu". The stele once depicted the king wearing the double crown and probably making an offering, but most of the relief is lost.
Deir el-Bahri, naos (Cairo JE 46196)
An attestation of Senebmiu was uncovered in the mortuary temple of
Qurna, staff (Moscow I.1.a. 1801, a, b)
A staff bearing the king's prenomen and inscribed for the "Royal sealer, overseer of marshland dwellers Senebni" was found in a now-lost tomb in Qurna on the west bank of the Nile opposite Karnak.[4]
Karnak King List
The
Turin King List
The Turin canon, redacted during the time of Ramesses II, is severely damaged after the record of Sobekhotep VII and the identity and chronological order of the last 19 kings of the 13th Dynasty is impossible to ascertain from the document.[6] Senebmiu's prenomen Sewahenre may have been partially preserved on column 8, line 16 of the papyrus, which reads Se[...]enre. Darrell Baker and Kim Ryholt note that this attribution is far from certain as it could also correspond to another obscure king of this period with the name Sekhaenre.[4]
Theories
According to Egyptologist Jürgen von Beckerath, he was the forty-first king of the 13th Dynasty.[2][7][8] Alternatively, Darrell Baker proposes that he may have been its fifty-seventh ruler.[4] Kim Ryholt only specifies that Senebmiu's short reign dates to between 1660 BC and 1649 BC.[6]
See also
References
- Wallis Budge: Hieroglyphic Texts, V (1914) see p. 7 and pl. 18, available copyright-free online.
- ^ a b Jürgen von Beckerath: Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen, MÄS 49, Philip Von Zabern. (1999)
- ^ ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9, 2008, p. 381-382
- ^ Daphna Ben Tor: Sequences and chronology of Second Intermediate Period royal-name scarabs, based on excavated series from Egypt and the Levant, in: The Second Intermediate Period (Thirteenth-Seventeenth Dynasties), Current Research, Future Prospects edited by Marcel Maree, Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta, 192, 2010, p. 91
- ^ a b c K.S.B. Ryholt, The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c. 1800 – 1550 BC, Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 1997, excerpts available online here.
- ^ Jürgen von Beckerath: Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der Zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten, Glückstadt, 1964
- ^ Jürgen von Beckerath: Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägyptens, Münchner Ägyptologische Studien 46. Mainz am Rhein, 1997