Sharada script

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This article is about a writing system. For other meanings of "Sharada", see Sharada (disambiguation).
Sharada script
Śāradā
𑆯𑆳𑆫𑆢𑆳
The word śāradā in Sharada script
Script type
Time period
700 CE –present (almost extinct)
Unicode range
U+11180–U+111DF
The theorised Semitic origins of the Brahmi script are not universally agreed upon.
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You may need rendering support to display the uncommon Unicode characters in this article correctly.
Brahmic scripts
The Brahmi script and its descendants
Northern Brahmic
Southern Brahmic

The Śāradā, Sarada or Sharada script is an

Kashmiri Pandit community for religious purposes.[1]

Shahi King Khingala of Khatriya Country Modern Part of Punjab Pakistan and Afghanistan. [6]

It is a native script of

Hindu deity of the Sharada Peeth temple.[7]

History

Bakhshali manuscript
Om in Sharada script

Sharda script is named after the Hindu goddess Śāradā, also known as

Hindu deity of the Sharada Peeth temple.[7]

Although originally a script restricted to only

Brahmins, Sharda was later spread throughout the larger Hindu population in Northwestern Indian subcontinent, as Hinduism became the dominant religion in the region again.[7][8][9]

The

Oddiyana.[10] At the historic temple of Mirkula Devi (also Mrikula Devi) in Lahaul, [Himachal Pradesh], the goddess Mahishamardini has a Sharada inscription of 1569 CE.[11]

From the 10th century onwards, regional differences started to appear between the Sharada script used in Punjab, the Hill States (partly

epigraphists denote the script at this point by a special name, Devāśeṣa.[12]

Letters

Vowels

Transliteration IPA Independent

position

Dependent position
Glyph Example Special forms
a [ɐ] 𑆃 (none) (𑆥 pa)
ā [aː] 𑆄 𑆳 𑆥𑆳 pā 𑆕 → 𑆕𑆳; 𑆘 → 𑆘𑆳; 𑆛 → 𑆛𑆳; 𑆟 → 𑆟𑆳
i [ɪ] 𑆅 𑆴 𑆥𑆴 pi
ī [iː] 𑆆 𑆵 𑆥𑆵 pī
u [ʊ] 𑆇 𑆶 𑆥𑆶 pu 𑆑 → 𑆑𑆶; 𑆓 → 𑆓𑆶; 𑆙 → 𑆙𑆶; 𑆚 → 𑆚𑆶; 𑆝 → 𑆝𑆶; 𑆠 → 𑆠𑆶; 𑆨 → 𑆨𑆶; 𑆫 → 𑆫𑆶; 𑆯 → 𑆯𑆶
ū [uː] 𑆈 𑆷 𑆥𑆷 pū 𑆑 → 𑆑𑆷; 𑆓 → 𑆓𑆷; 𑆙 → 𑆙𑆷; 𑆚 → 𑆚𑆷; 𑆝 → 𑆝𑆷; 𑆠 → 𑆠𑆷; 𑆨 → 𑆨𑆷; 𑆫 → 𑆫𑆷; 𑆯 → 𑆯𑆷
r̥ [r̩] 𑆉 𑆸 𑆥𑆸 pr̥ 𑆑 → 𑆑𑆸
r̥̄ [r̩ː] 𑆊 𑆹 𑆥𑆹 pr̥̄ 𑆑 → 𑆑𑆹
l̥ [l̩] 𑆋 𑆺 𑆥𑆺 pl̥
l̥̄ [l̩ː] 𑆌 𑆻 𑆥𑆻 pl̥̄
ē [eː] 𑆍 𑆼 𑆥𑆼 pē
ai [aːi̯], [ai], [ɐi], [ɛi] 𑆎 𑆽 𑆥𑆽 pai
ō [oː] 𑆏 𑆾 𑆥𑆾 pō
au [aːu̯], [au], [ɐu], [ɔu] 𑆐 𑆿 𑆥𑆿 pau
am̐ [◌̃] 𑆃𑆀 𑆀 𑆥𑆀 pam̐
aṃ [n], [m] 𑆃𑆁 𑆁 𑆥𑆁 paṃ
aḥ [h] 𑆃𑆂 𑆂 𑆥𑆂 paḥ

Consonants

Isolated glyph Transliteration IPA
𑆑 ka [kɐ]
𑆒 kha [kʰɐ]
𑆓 ga [ɡɐ]
𑆔 gha [ɡʱɐ]
𑆕 ṅa [ŋɐ]
𑆖 ca [tɕɐ]
𑆗 cha [tɕʰɐ]
𑆘 ja [dʑɐ]
𑆙 jha [dʑʱɐ]
𑆚 ña [ɲɐ]
𑆛 ṭa [ʈɐ]
𑆜 ṭha [ʈʰɐ]
𑆝 ḍa [ɖɐ]
𑆞 ḍha [ɖʱɐ]
𑆟 ṇa [ɳɐ]
𑆠 ta [tɐ]
𑆡 tha [tʰɐ]
𑆢 da [dɐ]
𑆣 dha [dʱɐ]
𑆤 na [nɐ]
𑆥 pa [pɐ]
𑆦 pha [pʰɐ]
𑆧 ba [bɐ]
𑆨 bha [bʱɐ]
𑆩 ma [mɐ]
𑆪 ya [jɐ]
𑆫 ra [rɐ] , [ɾɐ], [ɽɐ], [ɾ̪ɐ]
𑆬 la [lɐ]
𑆭 ḷa [ɭɐ]
𑆮 va [ʋɐ]
𑆯 śa [ɕɐ]
𑆰 ṣa [ʂɐ]
𑆱 sa [sɐ]
𑆲 ha [ɦɐ]

Numerals

Sharada Arabic
𑇐 0
𑇑 1
𑇒 2
𑇓 3
𑇔 4
𑇕 5
𑇖 6
𑇗 7
𑇘 8
𑇙 9

Sharada script uses its own signs for the positional decimal numeral system.

Image gallery

  • Sharada vowels
    Sharada vowels
  • Sharada consonant signs
    Sharada consonant signs
  • Sanskrit (above; devanagari script) and Kashmiri language (below; sharada script)
    Sanskrit (above; devanagari script) and Kashmiri language (below; sharada script)
  • Old manuscript using Sharada script
    Old manuscript using Sharada script
  • Kashmiri miniature painting of Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh, and other Indic deities figuratively within the Sharada script Omkar glyph
    Kashmiri miniature painting of Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh, and other Indic deities figuratively within the Sharada script Omkar glyph

Unicode

Main article: Sharada (Unicode block)

Śāradā script was added to the Unicode Standard in January, 2012 with the release of version 6.1.[13]

The Unicode block for Śāradā script, called Sharada, is U+11180–U+111DF:

Sharada[1]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+1118x 𑆀 𑆁 𑆂 𑆃 𑆄 𑆅 𑆆 𑆇 𑆈 𑆉 𑆊 𑆋 𑆌 𑆍 𑆎 𑆏
U+1119x 𑆐 𑆑 𑆒 𑆓 𑆔 𑆕 𑆖 𑆗 𑆘 𑆙 𑆚 𑆛 𑆜 𑆝 𑆞 𑆟
U+111Ax 𑆠 𑆡 𑆢 𑆣 𑆤 𑆥 𑆦 𑆧 𑆨 𑆩 𑆪 𑆫 𑆬 𑆭 𑆮 𑆯
U+111Bx 𑆰 𑆱 𑆲 𑆳 𑆴 𑆵 𑆶 𑆷 𑆸 𑆹 𑆺 𑆻 𑆼 𑆽 𑆾 𑆿
U+111Cx 𑇀 𑇁  𑇂   𑇃  𑇄 𑇅 𑇆 𑇇 𑇈 𑇉 𑇊 𑇋 𑇌 𑇍 𑇎 𑇏
U+111Dx 𑇐 𑇑 𑇒 𑇓 𑇔 𑇕 𑇖 𑇗 𑇘 𑇙 𑇚 𑇛 𑇜 𑇝 𑇞 𑇟
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 9788131711200
    .
  2. ISBN 978-1-139-46550-2
    .
  3. ^ Masica, Colin (1993). The Indo-Aryan languages. p. 143.
  4. ^
    ISBN 9781402045592
    .
  5. ^ Sir George Grierson. (1916). "On the Sharada Alphabet". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 17.
  6. ^ For photograph of statue and details of inscription, see: Dhavalikar, M. K., "Gaņeśa: Myth and Reality", in: Brown 1991, pp. 50, 63.
  7. ^ a b c "Pandits to visit Sharda temple". The Hindu. 17 May 2006. Archived from the original on 4 February 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  8. ^ "The Indigenous Script of Kashmir – The Sharda Script". June 12, 2020. Archived from the original on September 24, 2023. Retrieved September 24, 2023.
  9. ISBN 9780199948239
    . Retrieved September 24, 2023. ...the emergence and spread of Hinduism through Indian society helped lead to Buddhism's gradual decline in India.
  10. ^ From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan, Elizabeth Errington, Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, British Museum Press, 2007 p. 96
  11. ^ Observations on the Architecture and on a Carved Wooden Door of the Temple of Mirkulā Devī at Udaipur, Himachal Pradesh, Francesco Noci, East and West, Vol. 44, No. 1 (March 1994), pp. 99-114
  12. ^ a b c Pandey, Anshuman (2009-03-25). "N3545: Proposal to Encode the Sharada Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF). Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
  13. ^ Pandey, Anshuman (2009-08-05). "L2/09-074R2: Proposal to encode the Sharada Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF).

Works cited

External links
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