Sherman, Texas
Sherman, Texas | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 48-67496[3] | | |
GNIS feature ID | 1368131[4] | |
Website | www |
Sherman is a city in and the county seat of Grayson County, Texas, United States.[5] The city's population in 2020 was 43,645.[6] It is one of the two principal cities in the Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area, and is the largest city in the Texoma region of North Texas and southern Oklahoma.
History
Sherman was named after General Sidney Sherman (July 23, 1805 – August 1, 1873), a hero of the Texas Revolution. The community was designated as the county seat by the act of the Texas Legislature, which created Grayson County on March 17, 1846. In 1847, a post office began operation. Sherman was originally located at the center of the county, but in 1848, it was moved about 3 miles (5 km) east to its current location. By 1850, Sherman had become an incorporated town under Texas law. It had also become a stop on the Butterfield Overland Mail route through Texas. By 1852, Sherman had a population of 300 and consisted of a public square with a log court house, several businesses, a district clerk's office, and a church along the east side of the square. In 1861, the first flour mill was built.
During the 1850s and 1860s, Sherman continued to develop and to participate in regional politics. Because many residents of North Texas had migrated from the
Late in the Civil War, pro-Confederate guerrillas led by William Quantrill spent the winter of 1863-1864 in North Texas, with a camp in Sherman and two others in nearby Kentuckytown to the south and Fink to the north. Former guerrilla Jesse James also came to Sherman for his honeymoon. He was photographed seated on his horse in Sherman.
During the 1860s, secondary education developed in North Texas. The Sherman Male and Female High School began accepting students in 1866, under the patronage of the North Texas Methodist Conference. It became one of three private schools operating in Sherman. The school operated under several names, including the North Texas Female College and Conservatory of Music from 1892 to 1919 and Kidd-Key College and Conservatory, from 1919 to 1935.
While general depression and lawlessness occurred during the
On May 15, 1896, a
In 1901, the first electric "Interurban" railway in Texas, the Denison and Sherman Railway, was completed between Sherman and Denison.[10] The Texas Traction Company completed a 65-mile (105 km) interurban between Sherman and Dallas in 1908, and in 1911 purchased the Denison and Sherman Railway. Through the connections in Dallas and Denison, travel to the Texas destinations of Terrell, Corsicana, Waco, Fort Worth, Cleburne, and Denton, became possible, as well as to Durant, Oklahoma, by interurban railways. One popular destination on the Interurban between Sherman and Denison was Wood Lake Park, a private amusement park at the time. By 1948, all interurban rail service in Texas had been discontinued.
Sherman Riot of 1930
During the Sherman Riot of May 9, 1930,[11] the Grayson County Courthouse was burned down by local citizens in an attempt to lynch George Hughes, an African American suspected of assaulting a white woman.[12] During the riot, Hughes was locked in the vault at the courthouse and apparently died in the fire.[13] Rescue work was hindered by saboteurs cutting the fire hoses. After rioters retrieved Hughes' body from the vault, it was dragged behind a car, hanged, and set afire. The black business section of Sherman was also burned down, and many African Americans fled. Texas Ranger Frank Hamer was in Sherman during this riot, and reported the situation to Texas Governor Dan Moody.[14] Governor Moody sent National Guard troops to Sherman on May 9 and martial law was declared in Sherman for ten days.[12] Fourteen men were later indicted, not for lynching, but for arson and rioting. In the end, only J.B. "Screw" McCasland was convicted and sentenced to prison for arson[15] and for rioting.[16][11]
Geography
Sherman is located slightly east of the center of Grayson County, between Denison to the north and Howe to the south. The city has a total area of 41.5 square miles (107.4 km2), of which 41.4 square miles (107.2 km2) are land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km2), or 0.20%, is covered by water.[6]
Sherman is 70 miles (110 km) north of Dallas[17] and 31 miles (50 km) southwest of Durant, Oklahoma. Gainesville is 32 miles (51 km) to the west, and Bonham is 26 miles (42 km) to the east.
Climate
Sherman is part of the
Climate data for Sherman, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1897–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 86 (30) |
91 (33) |
95 (35) |
97 (36) |
107 (42) |
110 (43) |
109 (43) |
113 (45) |
107 (42) |
100 (38) |
89 (32) |
88 (31) |
113 (45) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 52.6 (11.4) |
57.1 (13.9) |
65.2 (18.4) |
72.6 (22.6) |
80.0 (26.7) |
88.1 (31.2) |
92.5 (33.6) |
92.7 (33.7) |
85.4 (29.7) |
75.3 (24.1) |
63.3 (17.4) |
54.2 (12.3) |
73.2 (22.9) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 43.2 (6.2) |
47.1 (8.4) |
55.1 (12.8) |
62.7 (17.1) |
70.8 (21.6) |
78.9 (26.1) |
83.0 (28.3) |
82.8 (28.2) |
75.8 (24.3) |
65.2 (18.4) |
53.7 (12.1) |
45.1 (7.3) |
63.6 (17.6) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 33.9 (1.1) |
37.2 (2.9) |
45.0 (7.2) |
52.8 (11.6) |
61.6 (16.4) |
69.8 (21.0) |
73.5 (23.1) |
73.0 (22.8) |
66.1 (18.9) |
55.1 (12.8) |
44.1 (6.7) |
36.1 (2.3) |
54.0 (12.2) |
Record low °F (°C) | −2 (−19) |
−3 (−19) |
7 (−14) |
28 (−2) |
35 (2) |
49 (9) |
53 (12) |
52 (11) |
36 (2) |
22 (−6) |
13 (−11) |
−2 (−19) |
−3 (−19) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.52 (64) |
2.76 (70) |
3.96 (101) |
3.87 (98) |
5.54 (141) |
4.54 (115) |
2.90 (74) |
2.88 (73) |
3.43 (87) |
4.77 (121) |
3.50 (89) |
3.62 (92) |
44.29 (1,125) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.3 | 6.5 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 78.6 |
Source: NOAA[18][19] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 35 | — | |
1860 | 613 | 1,651.4% | |
1870 | 1,439 | 134.7% | |
1880 | 6,093 | 323.4% | |
1890 | 7,335 | 20.4% | |
1900 | 10,243 | 39.6% | |
1910 | 12,412 | 21.2% | |
1920 | 15,031 | 21.1% | |
1930 | 15,713 | 4.5% | |
1940 | 17,156 | 9.2% | |
1950 | 20,150 | 17.5% | |
1960 | 24,988 | 24.0% | |
1970 | 29,061 | 16.3% | |
1980 | 30,413 | 4.7% | |
1990 | 31,601 | 3.9% | |
2000 | 35,082 | 11.0% | |
2010 | 38,521 | 9.8% | |
2020 | 43,645 | 13.3% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[20] |
Race | Number | Percentage |
---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
24,248 | 55.56% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
4,473 | 10.25% |
Alaska Native (NH)
|
490 | 1.12% |
Asian (NH) | 1,387 | 3.18% |
Pacific Islander (NH) | 24 | 0.05% |
Some Other Race (NH) | 134 | 0.31% |
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 2,310 | 5.29% |
Hispanic or Latino | 10,579 | 24.24% |
Total | 43,645 |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 43,645 people, 15,687 households, and 10,097 families residing in the city.
Economy
In 2022, Texas Instruments broke ground to build an Integrated Circuit fab campus in Sherman.[24] Beginning in the first quarter of 2025, Texas Instruments will begin operations at a new $30 billion, 3,000-job, 300-millimeter semiconductor wafer fabrication plant near Sherman's southern city limits. Around that same time, GlobalWafers will open a $5 billion, 1,500-job wafer factory nearby.
- Top employers
- Tyson Foods
- Texas Instruments
- II-VI Incorporated
- Grayson County
- City of Sherman
- Cooper B-Line Systems
- Austin College
- Fisher Controls/ Emerson Process Management
- Kaiser Aluminum
- Presco Products
- Progress Rail
- Consolidated Containers
- Plyler Construction
- Starr Aircraft
- Offen Petroleum
- GlobiTech
- Sunny Delight Beverages
Government
Sherman operates under a
The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates the Sherman District Parole Office in Sherman.[25]
Education
Public schools
Most children in Sherman are zoned to the Sherman Independent School District, which includes Sherman High School. Some parts are in Denison Independent School District or Howe Independent School District.
Private schools
A small percentage of children attend one of the three private schools in Sherman: Grayson Christian School, St. Mary's Catholic School, or Texoma Christian School.
Colleges and universities
Austin College, a private, Presbyterian, liberal arts college, relocated to Sherman in 1876. Founded in 1849, it is the oldest college or university in Texas operating under its original charter. Grayson College, a community college based in neighboring Denison, operates a branch campus in Sherman.
Libraries
The Sherman Public Library serves the city of Sherman and all citizens. The library underwent a $2 million, floor-to-ceiling renovation in 2017, reopening to the public in August 2018.
Media
Magazine
- Texoma Living! magazine[26]
Newspaper
Radio stations
- Adult Contemporary97.5
- KMAD Mad Rock 102.5
- KMKT Katy Country 93.1
- KQDR Doc FM 107.3
- KJIMKJIM The Memory Maker AM 1500 and FM 101.3 Sherman's Oldest and Newest Radio Station
Television stations
- KTEN Channel 10 – (NBC)
- KTEN DT Channel 10.2 – (The CW Texoma)
- KTEN DT Channel 10.3 – (ABC)
- KXII Channel 12 – (CBS)
- KXII DT Channel 12.2 (My Texoma)
- KXII DT Channel 12.3 (Fox Texoma)
Infrastructure
Transportation
- U.S. Highway 75 Oklahoma to Dallas
- U.S. Highway 82 east-west: Georgia to New Mexico
- SH 56 east-west: Honey Grove to Whitesboro
- SH 91 north-south: Achille, Oklahoma to Sherman
- SH 11 east-west: Linden to Sherman
- FM 1417 north-south: Denison to Sherman
- FM 691 east-west: Sherman to North Texas Regional Airport
- FM 131north-south: Denison to Sherman
- FM 697 east-west: Whitewrightto Sherman
Sherman is served by two
General aviation service is provided by Sherman Municipal Airport and
TAPS Public Transit is the sole transit provider for Sherman, with curb-to-curb paratransit for all residents.[27]
Medical care
The city of Sherman is served locally by
Sports
In 2023, organizers announced Sherman as the home of two new minor league sports franchises. A semi-professional baseball team called the Sherman Shadowcats will begin play in the Mid-American League during late spring of 2024.[28] A minor league soccer club, Texoma FC, will begin play in the city during 2025. [29]
Notable people
See also
- May 1896 tornado outbreak sequence
- Sherman, Texas bus accident
- Sherman, Texas minor league baseball teams
Notes
References
- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
- ^ Census of Urban areas
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ a b "Census - Geographic Profile: Sherman city, Texas". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
- ^ Handbook of Texas Online, s.v. "Kidd-Key College", (accessed March 18, 2007)
- ^ Handbook of Texas Online, s.v. "Mary Nash College", (accessed March 18, 2007)
- ^ "Sherman/Denison, Texas" Archived 2012-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, found in the Encyclopedia of Southern Jewish Communities,
- ^ Handbook of Texas Online, s.v. "Electric Interurban Railways" (accessed March 31, 2007)
- ^ .
- ^ .
- ISBN 978-1-4396-6305-9.
- ^ Statement of Frank Hamer on May 13, 1930 (accessed March 6, 2007)
- GenealogyBank.com.
- OCLC 14279865.
- ^ Google Maps
- ^ "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 10, 2023.
- ^ "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 10, 2023.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
- ^ https://www.census.gov/ [not specific enough to verify]
- ^ "About the Hispanic Population and its Origin". www.census.gov. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
- ^ "Texas Instruments breaks ground in Sherman, commits to $30 billion and four chip plants". The Dallas Morning News. May 18, 2022. Archived from the original on February 17, 2024.
- ^ "Parole Division Region II Archived 2011-08-20 at the Wayback Machine." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 15, 2010.
- ^ "Search every page of every issue published by Texoma Living! Magazine from 2006 to 2010". Texoma Living! Online. Retrieved July 16, 2015.
- ^ "TAPS Public Transit". Retrieved August 7, 2018.
- ^ "Name of Sherman's new minor league baseball team unveiled". December 11, 2023.
- ^ "Professional soccer team coming to Texoma". May 30, 2023.
Further reading
- Grayson County Frontier Village, The History of Grayson County Texas, Hunter Publishing Co., Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 1979.
- Redshaw, Peggy A., "Sherman, Texas, and the 1918 Pandemic Flu," East Texas Historical Journal, 51 (Spring 2013), 67–85.
- E. R. Bills (author). Black Holocaust: The Paris Horror and a Legacy of Texas Terror. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2015.