Shihhi Arabic
Shihhi Arabic | |
---|---|
Native to | United Arab Emirates, Oman |
Speakers | 38,000 (2020)[1] |
Afro-Asiatic
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | ssh |
Glottolog | shih1239 |
] |
Shihhi Arabic (
, Al Hebsi, Al Dhuhoori and Al Shemaili tribes speak it.Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | emph. | |||||||||
Nasal | m | n
|
||||||||
Stop/
Affricate |
voiceless
|
t
|
tˤ | k | q | ʔ | ||||
voiced
|
b | d
|
dˤ | d͡ʒ | (ɡ) | |||||
Fricative
|
voiceless
|
f | s | sˤ | ʃ | χ | ħ | h | ||
voiced
|
z | ʁ | (ʕ) | |||||||
Tap
|
ɻ ~ ɽ | |||||||||
Approximant
|
l
|
j | w |
- Sounds /ɡ, ʕ/ are mainly heard in loan-words.
- /ħ/ may be heard as a voiced glottal [ɦ] when before voiced consonants.
- The retroflex /r] when in word-medial position following a consonant.[2]
Vowels
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
Close | i iː | u uː |
Mid | eː | (o) oː |
Open | a aː |
Phoneme/Sound | Allophones | Notes |
---|---|---|
/i/ [i] | [ɪ] | when in closed syllables |
/a/ [æ] | [æ] | as the standard relisation, when in neutral environments or open syllables |
[ɐ] | in closed syllables | |
[a] | when occurring after a pharyngeal or glottal consonant | |
[ɑ] | when within the vicinity of the velarized or pharyngealized, or uvular consonants | |
/o/ [o] | [ɔ], [ʊ] | in free variation |
/u/ [u] | [ʊ] | in free variation |
[ɔ] | when preceded by a pharyngeal or velarized consonant | |
/iː/ [iː] | [ɨː] | when preceded by /q/ |
[iːᵊ] | offglide, when followed by a velarized/pharyngealized consonant | |
[ᵊiː] | onglide, when preceded by a velarized/pharyngealized consonant | |
/eː/ [eː] | [ɘː] | when preceded by /q/ |
[ɪː] | when preceded by /b/ | |
[iː] | when preceding or following /j/ | |
[eːᵊ] | offglide, when followed by a velarized/pharyngealized consonant | |
[ᵊeː] | onglide, when preceded by a velarized/pharyngealized consonant | |
/aː/ [æː] | [æː] | when in neutral environments or open syllables |
[aː] | when after a glottal stop /ʔ/ | |
[ɑː] | within the position of a velarized/pharyngealized consonant or /ɻ/ consonant | |
/oː/ [ɔː] | [ɔː] | as the standard realization |
[oː] | when preceded be a labial, alveolar, or palatal consonant | |
[ʊː] | when preceded by /ɻ/ | |
/uː/ [uː] | [ʊː] | in free variation |
[oː] | within the position of a velarized/pharyngealized consonant |
See also
Notes
- ^ a b Shihhi Arabic at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ a b Bernabela, Roy S. (2011). A phonology and morphology sketch of the Šiħħi Arabic dialect of əlǦēdih (Oman). Leiden University.
External links