Siirt
Siirt | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 37°55′30″N 41°56′45″E / 37.92500°N 41.94583°E | |
Country | Turkey |
Province | Siirt |
District | Siirt |
Government | |
• Elected Mayor | Berivan Helen Işık (deposed) (HDP) |
Population (2021)[1] | 160,340 |
Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
Website | www.siirt.bel.tr |
Siirt (
Neighborhoods
The city is divided into the neighborhoods of Afetevlerı, Alan, Algul, Bahçelievler, Barış, Batı, Conkbayır, Çal, Doğan, Dumlupınar, Halenze, İnönü, Karakol, Kooperatif, Sakarya, Tınaztepe, Ulus, Ülkü, Veysel Karani and Yeni.[1]
History
Previously known as Saird, in pre-Islamic times Siirt was a diocese of the
Demographics
Historical
Mark Sykes recorded Siirt as a city inhabited by Kurds, Arabs, Assyrians, and Armenians.[8] During the second half of the 19th century, many Armenians left Siirt due to persecutions and poor economic conditions.[9] During the 1895 Hamidian massacres, many Armenians were forcibly converted to Islam and the clergy was massacred.[9] Before World War I, the sanjak of Siirt formed a Christian enclave with 60,000 Christians: 25,000 Armenians, 20,000 Syriac Orthodox, and 15,000 Chaldean Catholics.[10] According to the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople, in 1914 there were 4,437 Armenians in the kaza, with three churches, one monastery and two schools.[9] Agha Petros mentions 40 Nestorian Assyrian families in the city of Siirt.[9] Mardin Chaldean priest Joseph Tfinkdji lists 5,430 Chaldeans in the diocese: 824 in the town and the rest in surrounding villages.[9] The community was led by Addai Sher.[9] David Gaunt mentions some Yezidi presence.[9]
Mother tongue composition of the city proper of Siirt in 1927 according to Turkish census[11] | |||
Languages | Speakers | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Arabic | 10,498 | 69.5 | |
Turkish | 3,621 | 24.0 | |
Kurdish | 973 | 6.5 | |
Other | 7 | 0.0 | |
Total | 15,099 | 100 |
According to the 1927 census, the population in the whole district was almost exclusively Muslim, with the exception of two Catholics, one Protestant, four Armenians, 17 other Christians, and 38 "other religion".[12]
İsmet İnönü referred to the city as an Arab city eager to get Turkified, while Kurds lived in the outskirts.[13]
Modern
Kurds constitute a majority in the city with a significant Arab community.[14][15][16] The Kurdish tribes living in the city are the Botikan, Dudêran, Elîkan, Keşkoliyan, Silokan and Sturkiyan.[17]
Government
In the municipal elections of March 2019 Berivan Helen Işık of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected mayor.[18] She was dismissed from her post on 15 May 2020 and detained over terror charges. Ali Fuat Atik, the Governor of the Siirt province was appointed trustee by the Ministry of the Interior.[19]
Landmarks
The city's landmark is the
Trivia
Siirt was
Although Siirt remains one of the poorer cities in Turkey, some neighbourhoods have fine and modern housing including new shops, banks and hotels.[20]
Climate
Siirt has a
: Cs) with very hot, dry summers and chilly, wet winters. During winter months there is frequent frost and occasional snowfall.Climate data for Siirt (1991–2020, extremes 1939–2022) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 19.7 (67.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
28.5 (83.3) |
32.9 (91.2) |
36.2 (97.2) |
40.2 (104.4) |
44.4 (111.9) |
46.0 (114.8) |
41.3 (106.3) |
36.6 (97.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.3 (75.7) |
46.0 (114.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.3 (45.1) |
9.3 (48.7) |
14.2 (57.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
25.7 (78.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
37.5 (99.5) |
37.6 (99.7) |
32.6 (90.7) |
25.2 (77.4) |
15.7 (60.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
22.2 (72.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.3 (37.9) |
4.7 (40.5) |
9.2 (48.6) |
14.3 (57.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
30.9 (87.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
18.9 (66.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
5.1 (41.2) |
16.7 (62.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.4 (32.7) |
1.2 (34.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
9.7 (49.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
20.1 (68.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.1 (75.4) |
19.4 (66.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
6.8 (44.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
11.8 (53.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −19.3 (−2.7) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
2.0 (35.6) |
8.2 (46.8) |
13.1 (55.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 81.0 (3.19) |
98.6 (3.88) |
115.2 (4.54) |
102.2 (4.02) |
63.9 (2.52) |
9.7 (0.38) |
3.8 (0.15) |
2.2 (0.09) |
7.9 (0.31) |
49.1 (1.93) |
76.8 (3.02) |
90.3 (3.56) |
700.7 (27.59) |
Average precipitation days | 12.73 | 12.53 | 14.83 | 14.07 | 11.33 | 4.13 | 1.53 | 1.00 | 2.47 | 8.77 | 9.07 | 11.90 | 104.4 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
70 | 70 | 59 | 56 | 52 | 33 | 25 | 23 | 28 | 46 | 61 | 69 | 49 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 108.5 | 121.5 | 164.3 | 192.0 | 263.5 | 333.0 | 356.5 | 331.7 | 285.0 | 217.0 | 156.0 | 105.4 | 2,634.4 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.5 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 6.4 | 8.5 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 10.7 | 9.5 | 7.0 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 7.2 |
Source 1: Turkish State Meteorological Service[21] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weatherbase[22] |
Notable people
- Chaldean Catholic archbishop of Siirt in Upper Mesopotamia was martyred in Siirt in 1915 during the 1915 Assyrian genocide
- Mehmet Güney (1936*), Diplomat and judge
- television journalist and documentary film producer.
- Ethem Sancak (1958*), Businessmen
- Yasin Aktay (1966*), Chairman of Justice and Development Party in Turkey
- Hasan Özer (1974*), footballer and manager
- Kerem Gürgen (1983*), boxer
- Evin Demirhan(1995*), freestyle wrestler
Gallery
-
A bridge in Siirt
-
Ebul Vefa Mosque
-
Ibrahim hakkı shrine in Siirt Tillo
-
The city hall
-
Siirt Tillo
-
Siirt Street scene
-
Siirt Saat Kulesi
-
Siirt Market area
-
Siirt Ulu Camii
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Hacı Abdulhakim Sancak Çarşı Camii
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Hacı Abdulhakim Sancak Çarşı Camii Minber
References
- ^ a b c "31 ARALIK 2021 TARİHLİ ADRESE DAYALI NÜFUS KAYIT SİSTEMİ (ADNKS) SONUÇLARI" (XLS). TÜİK (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ Thomas A. Carlson et al., “Siirt — ܣܥܪܬ ” in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified December 9, 2016, http://syriaca.org/place/188.
- ^ Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 57. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ISBN 978-0-907132-34-9.
- ISBN 978-1593333010
- ^ Kevorkian, Raymond (2016-01-25). "The Extermination of Ottoman Armenians by the Young Turk Regime (1915-1916) | Sciences Po Mass Violence and Resistance - Research Network". extermination-ottoman-armenians-young-turk-regime-1915-1916.html. Retrieved 2021-01-31.
- ^ Sykes, Mark (1904). Dar-ul-Islam: A Record of a Journey Through Ten of the Asiatic Provinces of Turkey. Bickers & Son. p. 264.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Kaza Siirt / ܣܥܪܬ Siʿret / Sa'irt / Սղերդ - Sġerd / Sgherd". Virtual Genocide Memorial. Retrieved 2023-09-17.
- ^ "Sancak Siirt / ܣܥܪܬ Siʿret / Sa'irt / Սղերդ - Sġerd / Sgherd". Virtual Genocide Memorial. Retrieved 2023-09-17.
- ^ Umumî Nüfus Tahriri. İstatistik Umum Müdürlüğü. 1927. pp. 223–224. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ISSN 1308-5298.
- ISBN 9786054274512. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
- ISBN 9781317106159.
- ISBN 9786257471053. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
- ^ "Siirt halkı: Kürtçe yok sayılırken 'biz kardeşiz' denilmesi bir anlam ifade etmiyor". İLKHA. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
- ^ Mendeş, Hurşit Baran (2022). Ertoşîler (in Turkish). Doz. p. 33.
- ^ "Siirt Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri". www.sabah.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
- ^ "Four mayors detained over alleged terror links - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. 15 May 2020. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
- ^ Siirt in South East Turkey Photo Gallery by Dick Osseman at. Pbase.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-16.
- ^ "Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)" (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
- ^ "Siirt, Turkey Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase. Retrieved 28 August 2021.