Silent hypoxia

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Silent hypoxia
infectious disease, pulmonology
Risk factorsCOVID-19, altitude sickness

Silent hypoxia (also known as happy hypoxia)

altitude sickness,[9][10][11] and rebreather diving.[12][13]

Causes

One theory relating to COVID-19 presentation suggests the impaired processing of severe hypoxia and resumption of normal breathing may be due to the neurological pathway by which the virus spreads from the oral cavity to the brain.

blood clots within the lungs.[17][18][19][clarification needed] It has been shown that the breathing rates of patients with COVID-19 gradually increase, which in turn leads to silent hypoxia.[20] It has also been shown that COVID-19 patients experience lesser levels of shortness of breath after exercise than non-COVID-19 patients.[21]

In healthy people this presentation can occur when the person breathes a gas which has a low oxygen content, and also a low carbon dioxide content, so there is no

hypercapnic alarm response.[citation needed
]

Presentation

In

Richard Levitan reported: "A vast majority of Covid pneumonia patients I met had remarkably low oxygen saturations at triage—seemingly incompatible with life—but they were using their cellphones as we put them on monitors."[22]

Diagnosis

A tool used to diagnose silent hypoxia is the six-minute walk test, (6MWT), wherein a patient walks at a normal pace for six minutes, in order to monitor their physiological response.[23] It has been proven that, after performing the 6MWT, COVID-19 patients were more likely to develop exercise-induced hypoxia without symptoms than non-COVID-19 patients who had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.[24][clarification needed] The condition can also be first detected by using prehospital pulse oximetry.[25][26]

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause. In some cases supplementary oxygen is needed, in severe cases artificial ventilation may be necessary. In mild cases where the cause was hypoxic breathing gas, it may only be necessary to return to a normally oxygenated environment. Underlying medical problems may require assessment and treatment.

Prognosis

The prognosis for silent hypoxia in COVID-19 is generally poor,[27][28][clarification needed] as oxygen levels in the blood can drop below 50 percent without being noticed.[29] In cases where a healthy person was exposed to a hypoxic environment, the outcome will usually depend on the extent of associated tissue damage incurred. In mild cases a quick return to normal follows reversion to normally oxygenated breathing gas.

Epidemiology

Known to be associated with:

See also

References

  1. PMID 32539537
    .
  2. ^ LaMotte S (7 May 2020). "Silent hypoxia: Covid-19 patients who should be gasping for air but aren't". CNN.
  3. ^ Pappas S (23 April 2020). "'Silent hypoxia' may be killing COVID-19 patients. But there's hope". Live Science.
  4. ^ "Three reasons why COVID-19 can cause silent hypoxia". ScienceDaily. 19 November 2020.
  5. ^ Emily H (3 June 2020). "Silent hypoxia and its role in COVID-19 detection". News Medical.
  6. PMID 32900744
    .
  7. ^ Levitan R (20 April 2020). "The Infection That's Silently Killing Coronavirus Patients". The New York Times.
  8. ^ Bowden O (12 May 2020). "What is 'silent hypoxia'? The coronavirus symptom patients don't know they have". Global News.
  9. PMID 32362340
    .
  10. ^ Gillespie C. "'Silent Hypoxia' Is Making Some Coronavirus Patients Critically Ill—Here's Why It's So Dangerous". Health.
  11. ^ Blanchet D, Greene S. "Your Captain Speaking: Silent Hypoxia and COVID-19". EMS World.
  12. ^ "Rebreathers guide for beginners". apdiving.com. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  13. ISBN 978-0-9800423-9-9
    .
  14. ^ Sirohiya, Prashant, et al. “Silent Hypoxia in Coronavirus Disease-2019: Is It More Dangerous?-a Retrospective Cohort Study.” Lung India, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.26.21262668.
  15. ^ "Silent Hypoxia Typically Not the First Symptom of COVID-19, Other Early Symptoms Should Be Monitored". American Lung Association. 15 May 2020.
  16. ^ Gupta J (20 November 2020). "Three reasons why coronavirus can cause silent hypoxia". Hindustan Times.
  17. ^ "COVID-19 complications: Silent hypoxia emerges as new killer in Kerala". The New Indian Express. 7 June 2020.
  18. The Tribune
    . 30 November 2020.
  19. ^ Srivastava A (23 May 2020). "Blood clots in the lung may be a major cause of COVID-19 deaths". The Hindu.
  20. ^ Wei-Haas M (8 May 2020). "They don't struggle to breathe—but COVID-19 is starving them of oxygen". National Geographic. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020.
  21. PMID 32663601
    .
  22. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved 2020-04-22.
  23. ^ "Six-Minute Walk Test". American Lung Association.
  24. S2CID 220530080
    .
  25. PMID 32521167
    .
  26. S2CID 225078120
    .
  27. PMID 33130200
    .
  28. PMID 33169089
    .
  29. PMID 32562006
    .


Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silent_hypoxia&oldid=1186575543"