Silver(I) fluoride
Names | |
---|---|
IUPAC name
Silver(I) fluoride
| |
Other names
Argentous fluoride
Silver monofluoride | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
|
ECHA InfoCard
|
100.028.996 |
PubChem CID
|
|
RTECS number
|
|
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| |
Properties | |
AgF | |
Molar mass | 126.8666 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | yellow-brown solid |
Density | 5.852 g/cm3 (15 °C) |
Melting point | 435 °C (815 °F; 708 K) |
Boiling point | 1,159 °C (2,118 °F; 1,432 K) |
85.78 g/100 mL (0 °C) 119.8 g/100 mL (10 °C) 179.1 g/100 mL (25 °C) 213.4 g/100 mL (50 °C)[1] | |
Solubility | 83g/100 g (11.9 °C) in hydrogen fluoride 1.5g/100 mL in methanol(25 °C)[2] |
−36.5·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Structure | |
cubic | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C)
|
48.1 J/mol·K[1] |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
83.7 J/mol·K[1] |
Std enthalpy of (ΔfH⦵298)formation |
-206 kJ/mol[1] |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)
|
-187.9 kJ/mol[1] |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
|
Corrosive |
GHS labelling:[4] | |
Danger | |
H314 | |
P260, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310[3] | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External SDS |
Related compounds | |
Other anions
|
Silver(I) chloride Silver(I) bromide Silver(I) iodide Silver(I) astatide |
Other cations
|
Copper(I) fluoride Gold(I) fluoride |
Related compounds
|
Silver subfluoride Silver(II) fluoride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Silver(I) fluoride is the
The hydrates of AgF present as colourless, while pure anhydrous samples are yellow.[5]: 150
Preparation
High-purity silver(I) fluoride can be produced by the heating of silver carbonate to 310 °C (590 °F) under a hydrogen fluoride environment, in a platinum tube:[6]: 9
Laboratory routes to the compound typically avoid the use of gaseous hydrogen fluoride. One method is the thermal decomposition of silver tetrafluoroborate:
In an alternative route,
Properties
Structure
The structure of AgF has been determined by
Spectroscopy
Silver(I) fluoride exhibits unusual optical properties. Simple electronic band theory predicts that the fundamental exciton absorption for AgF would lie higher than that of AgCl (5.10 eV) and would correspond to a transition from an anionic valence band as for the other silver halides. Experimentally, the fundamental exciton for AgF lies at 4.63 eV.[14]: 2604 This discrepancy can be explained by positing transition from a valence band with largely silver 4d-orbital character.[10]: 563 The high frequency refractive index is 1.73(2).[8]: 3737
Photosensitivity
In contrast with the other
Solubility
Unlike the other silver halides, AgF is highly
Applications
Organic synthesis
Silver(I) fluoride finds application in
Another organic synthetic method using silver(I) fluoride is the BINAP-AgF complex catalyzed enantioselective protonation of silyl enol ethers:[23]: 1546
Inorganic synthesis
The reaction of silver acetylide with a concentrated solution of silver(I) fluoride results in the formation of a chandelier-like [Ag10]2+ cluster with endohedral acetylenediide.[24]
Tetralkylammonium fluorides can be conveniently prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of the tetralkylammonium bromide with an aqueous AgF solution.[25]: 430
Other
It is possible to coat a silicon surface with a uniform silver microlayer (0.1 to 1 μm thickness) by passing AgF vapour over it at 60–800 °C.[26] The relevant reaction is:
Multiple studies have shown silver(I) fluoride to be an effective
References
- ^ a b c d e Chemister Chemical Database, Kiper Ruslan Anatolievich, 2002-15. URL: http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=1067
- ^ ISBN 0471936235.
- ^ "Silver Fluoride". American Elements. Retrieved 2018-09-07.
- ^ Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver(I) fluoride. Retrieved on 2014-05-08.
- ^ ISBN 9780521059022.
- ^ ISBN 9781118409428.
- S2CID 102244646.
- ^ .
- PMID 36794053.
- ^ .
- ^ S2CID 250869196.
- .
- .
- .
- ISBN 9780521339483.
- ^ Hill, Levi L. (1856). A treatise on heliochromy : or, The production of pictures, by means of light, in natural colors. Embracing a full, plain, and unreserved description of the process known as the hillotype, including the author's newly discovered collodio-chrome, or natural colors on collodionized glass ... Getty Research Institute. New York : Robinson & Caswell. p. 143.
- ^ US patent 3537855, "Photosensitive silver fluoride element", published 1971-11-3
- ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ^ doi:10.1002/hc.10102.
- ISBN 1420017160.
- .
- .
- PMID 15645475.
- PMID 29711066.
- .
- .
- PMID 22484380.
- ^ PMID 9078648.
- PMID 9973713.
- ^ S2CID 56987580.
- ^ US patent 3567823, Yokomizo Ichiro & Yamaga Reiichi, "Silver ammonia fluoride solution and method of its use", published 1971-2-12