Simcha Rotem

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Simcha Rotem
Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa (Jewish Combat Organization), participant in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and the Warsaw Uprising

Simcha Rotem (born Simcha (Szymon) Rathajzer, also known by his

Nazis
. He was one of the last two surviving Jewish fighters in the Warsaw uprising and the last surviving fighter from the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

Early life

Rotem was born in 1924 in Warsaw, Poland.[1] He experienced antisemitism early in his life and was a member of the Akiva Zionist youth movement.[2]

The Second World War

As World War II broke out, Rotem was injured in a German bombing campaign which struck his family home. His brother and several members of his family were killed.[1]

The Warsaw Ghetto

In 1942 he joined the Jewish Fighting Organization (ŻOB). Rotem became particularly useful as a courier for the Warsaw Ghetto fighters. He had the nickname "Kazik"—an abbreviation of a Polish name "Kazimierz" (Casimir), which means in Polish "someone who destroys opponent's prestige/glory during battle".

A tribute to Simcha Rotem, Monument to Evacuation of the Warsaw Ghetto Fighters in Warsaw

The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and aftermath

As a ŻOB member, Kazik took part in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

Miła 18 Command bunker with other survivors of the Jewish Underground.[4]

Post-war life

After the end of World War II, Rotem joined the

Langwasser internment camp.[5]

He also took part in the

Mandate Palestine, despite the restrictions imposed by the British Mandatory policies (White Paper of 1939). Although his twelve-year-old sister was murdered in the ghetto uprising, his parents and another sister survived in hiding and, in 1947, he and the surviving members of his family immigrated to Mandate Palestine. He lived in Jerusalem. As of 2018, the year of his death, he was one of two survivors of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising;[6][7] At the time of his death, he was the last survivor.[8][9]

In the 2001 TV mini-series Uprising he is portrayed by actor Stephen Moyer.[10]

In April 2018 Rotem castigated Polish president Andrzej Duda, writing: "I became very frustrated, disappointed and even amazed by your systematic disregard of the fundamental difference between the suffering of the Polish nation after Poland was seized by Nazi Germany, which I do not disparage, and the methodical genocide of my brothers and sisters, Poland's Jewish citizens, by the Nazi-German extermination machine, ignoring the fact this extermination machine had many Polish accomplices." Rotem also wrote "I don't blame the Polish nation as a collective, and I'm well aware of the thousands of Poland's Righteous Among the Nations in addition to the many other Poles whose actions to save Jews during the war have not been revealed" and "only once the Polish society truly faces the bitter historical truth, revealing its scope and severity, will there be a chance that those horrors will not be repeated. Therefore, I vehemently oppose the distorted law recently passed in Poland, meant to eradicate from historical recollection the heinous acts the Poles committed against the Jewish people during that dark time."[11]

Awards and decorations

Bibliography

  • Rotem, Simhah. Memoirs of a Warsaw Ghetto Fighter: The Past Within Me. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994 (English translation). 2002 edition: ISBN 978-0-300-09376-6.

References

  1. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  2. ^ "Oral history interview with Simcha Rotem – Collections Search – United States Holocaust Memorial Museum". collections.ushmm.org. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
  3. ^ "Simcha Rotem, last surviving fighter in Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, dies at 94". The Times of Israel. 22 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  4. ^ Sztetl org Mila 18 Bunker site photograph
  5. ^ Aderet, Ofer (8 November 2019). "'An Eye for an Eye': The Jews Who Sought to Poison Six Million Germans to Avenge the Holocaust". Haaretz. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  6. Jerusalem Post
    . Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  7. ^ Heller, Aron (11 April 2018). "As their numbers dwindle, Jews who fought Nazis recall the struggle". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  8. Ynetnews
    . Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  9. ^ "Last Warsaw Ghetto Uprising fighter dies". Deutsche Welle. 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  10. ^ Reiniger, Franziska. "Jewish Resistance and Uprisings – Teaching through Films". Yad Vashem. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  11. ^ Eichner, Itamar; Tvizer, Inbar (23 December 2018). "When Simcha Rotem schooled the Polish president on the Holocaust". Ynetnews. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  12. ^ "Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: Last surviving fighter, Simcha Rotem, dies at 94". BBC News. 22 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Simcha Rotem.
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