Sin Nombre orthohantavirus
Sin Nombre orthohantavirus | |
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Transmission electron micrograph of Sin Nombre orthohantavirus | |
Virus classification | |
(unranked): | Virus |
Realm: | Riboviria |
Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
Phylum: | Negarnaviricota
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Class: | Ellioviricetes |
Order: | Bunyavirales |
Family: | Hantaviridae |
Genus: | Orthohantavirus |
Species: | Sin Nombre orthohantavirus
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Member viruses | |
Synonyms | |
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Sin Nombre virus | |
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Specialty | Virology |
Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV) (from Spanish, meaning "without a name"), a member of the genus
Discovered in 1993 near the Cañon de la Muerte on the
History
It was first isolated in 1993 from rodents collected near the home of one of the initial patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the
Epidemiology
SNV occurs wherever its reservoir
While transmission from the deer mouse carrier to humans is understood to occur primarily through contact with mouse urine and feces, transmission within the vector population is believed to occur through direct contact, in contrast to the understood vector transmission for other species in the Orthohantavirus genus. [7]
The case fatality ratio of SNV-induced HCPS in the USA was reported to be about 66.7% (CDC, 1993). However, since that time the case fatality ratio has steadily declined as more mild cases came to be recognized. By 2007 the CFR had declined to about 35%.[citation needed]
Virus sequencing
As with other Orthohantavirus species, SNV has a tripartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome. The entire genomic sequence of SNV has subsequently been determined by using
The nested
Virion morphology
In contrast to members of the Orthohantavirus genus endemic outside of the Americas, whose virions are predominately round or pleomorphic, SNV virions have a greater propensity for tubular and irregular virion morphologies. This finding suggests that the genus is more diverse in terms of morphology than previously assumed, which may help explain differences in epidemiology between species. Within the Sin Nombre species, morphologic variability exists between strains, with virions of an elongated phenotype associated with higher virulence. Sin Nombre virions have an average diameter of 90 nm for round particles and 85 nm for tubular particles, with an average length of 180 nm for tubular particles, making them somewhat smaller than closely related members of the genus. [8]
See also
- 1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak
- Hantavirus
References
- PMID 15109416.)
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link - PMC 6199996.
- ^ "Navajos Decry Muerto Canyon Hantavirus Site". Los Angeles Times. April 24, 1994. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ISBN 978-0-12-673050-0.
- ^ "Hantaviruses, with emphasis on Four Corners Hantavirus". Bvs.insp.mx. Archived from the original on 2013-04-20. Retrieved 2016-11-17.
- S2CID 19495085.
- PMID 30795592.
- PMID 31527500.