Sisak
Sisak | |
---|---|
Grad Sisak City of Sisak | |
Top: Old bridge over the Kupa river; Center left: Antun Gustav Matoš monument; Center right: Sisak Fortress; Bottom left: Holland Storehouse; Bottom right: Roman ruins of Siscia | |
Coordinates: 45°29′14″N 16°22′34″E / 45.48722°N 16.37611°E | |
Country | Croatia |
County | Sisak-Moslavina |
Government | |
• Mayor | Kristina Ikić Baniček[1] (SDP) |
• City Council | 25 members |
Area UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Postal code | HR-44 000, HR-44 010 |
Area code | +385 44 |
Vehicle registration | SK |
GDP (nominal)[4] | 2019 |
- Total | €2.169 billion / $2.169 billion |
- Per capita | €65,507 / $67,740 |
HDI (2019) | 0.930[6] – very high |
Patron saints | Quirinus of Sescia |
Website | sisak |
Sisak (pronounced
Sisak is the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina County, Croatia's biggest river port and a centre of river shipping industry (Dunavski Lloyd). It lies on the D36 state road and the Zagreb-Sisak-Novska railway. Sisak is a regional economic, cultural and historical center. The largest oil refinery in Croatia is here.[8]
Name
Prior to belonging to the
In German the town is known as Sissek, Hungarian: Sziszek [ˈsisɛk], and in Kajkavian and Slovene as Sisek.
History
Roman empire
Siscia is described by
The
Middle Ages
Early modern
The 16th-century triangular
The Baroque palace of Mali Kaptol, the classicist Veliki Kaptol, the brick Stari most ("Old Bridge") over the Kupa, and the ethnological park are the most frequently visited landmarks.
Modern
In the late 19th and early 20th century, Sisak was a district capital in the Zagreb County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.
Modern history
From 1929 to 1939, Sisak was part of the
On 22 June 1941, the day Germany invaded the Soviet Union, the Sisak People's Liberation Partisan Detachment, also known as the 1st Sisak Partisan Detachment, was formed by the outlawed Croatian Communist Party in the Brezovica Forest, near Sisak. It was the first Partisan armed anti-fascist resistance unit formed in occupied Yugoslavia following the invasion of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers in April 1941.[23] It had 79 members, mainly
With the outbreak of the Croatian War of Independence in 1991, Sisak remained in Government hands while the territory to the south was controlled by rebelling Serbs. During the war, the Serb forces often shelled the city, causing dozens of civilian casualties and extensive damage to the city's industry.[24] According to Amnesty International, Serb civilians in Sisak and surrounding areas were subjected to abductions, killings, assault and threats with at least 33 killed between 1991 and 1992,[25] while local human rights activists in Croatia claim that over 100 Serb residents of the Sisak region were killed during the entirety of the war.[26] The frontline dramatically moved eastwards as a result of Operation Storm (1995), effectively ending the war.
Sisak suffered much damage during the 2020 Petrinja earthquake.[27] The town, located roughly 20 km (12 mi) northeast of the epicenter, reported damage to the hospital as well as city hall and various churches.[28][29] Most of the damage was inflicted on old buildings in the center of the town. However, early figures estimate that 700 to 1,000 homes were damaged in Sisak and nearby villages.[30]
Population
In the 2011 census, of the total population of 47,768 there were 40,590
In the 2011 census, the population by religion was 37,319
population | 15738 | 18669 | 20433 | 22829 | 24277 | 26014 | 26234 | 28799 | 28893 | 34776 | 43382 | 55095 | 59812 | 61413 | 52236 | 47768 | 40121 |
1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1921 | 1931 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
Politics
Minority councils and representatives
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.[31] In the most recent election to the Sisak ethnic minority council, the local Bosniak, Roma, and Serb minorities each fulfilled the legal requirements to elect a total of 15 deputies to the minority council of the City of Sisak; while the local Albanian minority elected a representative.[32]
Municipal makeup
The city's administrative area is composed of the following
- Blinjski Kut, population 278
- Budaševo, population 1,660
- Bukovsko, population 89
- Crnac, population 553
- Čigoč, population 97
- Donje Komarevo, population 322
- Gornje Komarevo, population 508
- Greda, population 861
- Gušće, population 387
- Hrastelnica, population 898
- Jazvenik, population 142
- Klobučak, population 68
- Kratečko, population 200
- Letovanci, population 52
- Lonja, population 111
- Lukavec Posavski, population 127
- Madžari, population 235
- Mužilovčica, population 74
- Novo Pračno, population 444
- Novo Selo, population 624
- Novo Selo Palanječko, population 517
- Odra Sisačka, population 814
- Palanjek, population 318
- Prelošćica, population 528
- Sela, population 969
- Sisak, population 33,049
- Stara Drenčina, population 223
- Staro Pračno, population 896
- Staro Selo, population 110
- Stupno, population 480
- Suvoj, population 42
- Topolovac, population 894
- Veliko Svinjičko, population 271
- Vurot, population 102
- Žabno, population 509
Miscellaneous
Chief occupations are farming,
Sisak features the largest metallurgic factory and the largest oil refinery in Croatia. Sisak has many rich mineral springs (spas) with healing properties in the temperature range from 42 to 54 °C (108 to 129 °F).
The city hosts University of Zagreb's Faculty of Metallurgy.
Sports and recreation facilities in the town and the surroundings include mainly the waters and alluvial plains a public beach on the Kupa. All rivers (Kupa, Odra, Sava) with their backwaters offer fishing opportunities. There are
Geography
Climate
Climate data for Sisak (1971–2000, extremes 1949–2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 21.4 (70.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
32.1 (89.8) |
38.3 (100.9) |
40.1 (104.2) |
41.8 (107.2) |
47.8 (118.0) |
42.9 (109.2) |
38.6 (101.5) |
30.0 (86.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
47.8 (118.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
21.9 (71.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.6 (79.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
16.2 (61.2) |
9.1 (48.4) |
4.7 (40.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
2.4 (36.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.4 (68.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.8 (51.4) |
5.3 (41.5) |
1.5 (34.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
1.5 (34.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
13.1 (55.6) |
14.7 (58.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
10.5 (50.9) |
6.1 (43.0) |
1.6 (34.9) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | −41.2 (−42.2) |
−29 (−20) |
−18.4 (−1.1) |
−5 (23) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
1.9 (35.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
3.9 (39.0) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−19.2 (−2.6) |
−41.2 (−42.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 49.0 (1.93) |
48.2 (1.90) |
55.0 (2.17) |
69.4 (2.73) |
79.4 (3.13) |
94.7 (3.73) |
80.2 (3.16) |
77.8 (3.06) |
84.5 (3.33) |
78.7 (3.10) |
91.1 (3.59) |
68.3 (2.69) |
876.1 (34.49) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 11.7 | 10.9 | 11.6 | 13.8 | 13.0 | 13.8 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 11.5 | 12.3 | 12.0 | 12.4 | 143.9 |
Average snowy days (≥ 1.0 cm) | 11.8 | 8.4 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 8.3 | 34.8 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
85.0 | 78.7 | 71.3 | 68.5 | 69.8 | 71.1 | 71.1 | 74.9 | 79.9 | 82.8 | 85.8 | 87.3 | 77.2 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 52.7 | 93.2 | 142.6 | 174.0 | 235.6 | 246.0 | 285.2 | 257.3 | 186.0 | 114.7 | 54.0 | 43.4 | 1,884.7 |
Source: Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service[34][35] |
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Sisak is
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See also
References
Bibliography
- Cresswell, Peterjon; Atkins, Ismay; Dunn, Lily (10 July 2006). Time Out Croatia (First ed.). London, Berkeley & Toronto: Time Out Group Ltd & Ebury Publishing, ISBN 978-1-904978-70-1. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
Notes
- ^ "2013 Lokalni". Izbori.hr. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- Wikidata Q119585703.
- ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2021 Census". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
- ^ "BRUTO DOMAĆI PROIZVOD ZA REPUBLIKU HRVATSKU, HR_NUTS 2021. – HR NUTS 2 I ŽUPANIJE U 2019". DZS. Državni zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
- ^ "Purchasing power parities (PPP)". OECD Data. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab". globaldatalab.org.
- ^ "Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske". Dzs.hr. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
- ^ [1] Archived 1 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 1-85109-440-7.
- ^ a b c d Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Siscia". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
- It. Ant. pp. 259, 260, 265, 266, 272, 274; Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 3.28.
- ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. vii. p.314. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ^ Appian, The Illyrian Wars, 16, 23.
- ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. v. pp. 207, 214. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ^ "Details for issuing mint located at Siscia (Sisak, Croatia)". Finds.org.uk. 22 February 1999. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- ISBN 0-472-11414-X.
- ISBN 0-472-11414-X.
- ^ Stanko Guldescu (1964). History of Medieval Croatia. Mouton. p. 113.
- ^ "SİSKA".
- ^ Ive Mažuran: Povijest Hrvatske od 15. stoljeća do 18. stoljeća, p. 148
- ISBN 978-0-25302-386-5.
- ISBN 978-1-44086-853-5.
- ^ ISBN 978-953-6308-71-2.
- ^ "11 kaznenih prijava za razaranje Siska". Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 27 January 2007. Archived from the original on 28 September 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
- ^ "A shadow on Croatia's future: Continuing impunity for war crimes and crimes against humanity" (PDF). refworld.org. Amnesty International. 13 December 2004. p. 13. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
- ^ Pavelic, Boris (4 July 2012). "Sisak: Witness Reported Ljubica Solar's Death". Balkan Insight. BIRN. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
- ^ "Croatia earthquake: Seven dead as rescuers search rubble for survivors". BBC. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
- ^ "Velike štete i u Sisku, bolnica je teško stradala, gradonačelnica se slomila: 'Potreseni smo'" [Great damage also in Sisak, hospital badly damaged, mayor breaks down: 'We are shaken']. Jutarnji list (in Croatian). 29 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ^ "M6.4 Earthquake Hits Croatia - Dec. 29, 2020 potres u Petrinji - YouTube". www.youtube.com. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021.
- ^ "U ponedjeljak navečer slabiji potres kod Velike Gorice, u Sisku i okolici oštećeno između 700 i 1000 kuća". www.vecernji.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ^ "Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije". T-portal. 13 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- ^ "Informacija o konačnim rezultatima izbora članova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. III. SISAČKO-MOSLAVAČKA ŽUPANIJA" (PDF) (in Croatian). Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske. 2023. p. 14-15. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske". Dzs.hr. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
- ^ "Sisak Climate Normals" (PDF). Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
- ^ "Mjesečne vrijednosti za Sisak u razdoblju1949−2014" (in Croatian). Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
- ^ "Twin Towns". Gabrovo.bg. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2014.
External links
- Official website
- Sisak News Portal
- Radio Sisak - Hometown radio station
- Sisak Tourism
- Photo Gallery of Sisak
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.