Sivaganga
Sivaganga
Soil of Maruthu Brothers | ||
---|---|---|
Municipality | ||
Sivagangai | ||
Trichirapalli 130 kilometres (81 mi) NORTH (Rail) | | |
Distance from Rameswaram | 120 kilometres (75 mi) SOUTH (Rail) | |
Website | municipality |
Sivaganga (Tamil: [siʋaɡəŋɡaɪ]) is a Town and headquarters of the Sivaganga district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
It is known for the 16th-century Sivagangai Fort, located in City Centre. Inside the fort, the Rajarajeshwari Amman Temple features many ornate sculptures. Nearby, the Government Museum has prehistoric relics and natural history displays. The City is located at a distance of 48 km (30 mi) from Madurai and 449 km (279 mi) from the state capital Chennai.
Sivagangai is administered by a municipality established in 1965. As of 2011, the municipality covered an area of 10.2 km2 (3.9 sq mi) and had a population of 40,403. But, This metropolitan Urban Agglomeration(UA) had a population of 121,796 of which 61,748 were males and 60,052 were females in 2014. This metropolitan area consists of Sivagangai municipality and its surrounding villages like Kanjirangal, Vaniangudi Kottagudi in Raginipatti, Paiyur and Gandhinagar.
The town is known for agriculture, metal working and weaving. The region around Sivagangai has considerable mineral deposits.
Sivaganga comes under the
History
During the 17th century, Sivaganga was ruled by the Kingdom of Ramnad, which had its boundary spreading across modern-day Sivaganga, Pudukkottai and Ramnathapuram. The seventh king of the empire,
As per legend, Sasivarna built the Teppakulam and fort around the spring "Sivaganga", where he met his spiritual guru Sathappan Servai.
After his death in 1829, there was an extended legal dispute over the succession. From 1863 to 1877
Geography
Sivaganga has an average elevation of 102 metres (334
Climate data for Sivaganga | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.6 (83.5) |
30.3 (86.5) |
32.1 (89.8) |
35.8 (96.4) |
37.0 (98.6) |
37.0 (98.6) |
34.9 (94.8) |
33.6 (92.5) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.1 (86.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.9 (75.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.1 (80.8) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.5 (77.9) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.7 (78.2) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 30.4 (1.20) |
11.5 (0.45) |
18.1 (0.71) |
49.2 (1.94) |
75.1 (2.96) |
47.9 (1.89) |
64.2 (2.53) |
73.4 (2.89) |
91.7 (3.61) |
181.6 (7.15) |
196.5 (7.74) |
91.9 (3.62) |
931.5 (36.69) |
Source: Climate Sivaganga[10] |
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1961 | 15,642 | — |
1971 | 20,826 | +33.1% |
1981 | 24,832 | +19.2% |
1991 | 33,190 | +33.7% |
2001 | 40,220 | +21.2% |
2011 | 92,359 | +129.6% |
Sources: |
According to 2011 census, Sivaganga had a population of 40,403 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[4] A total of 3,880 were under the age of six, constituting 1,985 males and 1,895 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 9.59% and 0.07% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 83.86%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[4] The town had a total of 10,184 households. There were a total of 14,145 workers, comprising 164 cultivators, 294 main agricultural labourers, 246 in house hold industries, 11,406 other workers, 2,035 marginal workers, 54 marginal cultivators, 127 marginal agricultural labourers, 173 marginal workers in household industries and 1,681 other marginal workers.[11] Sivaganga town had a growth of 25% during the decades of 1991 and 2001. The population density of the town has nearly doubled in the decades of 1981, 1991 and 2001. Spread over area of 6.970 km2 (697.0 ha), the density increased from 3500 person per km2 in 1981 and to 4,800 person per km2 in 1991. The development was largely concentrated along the whole town area.[12]
As per the religious census of 2011, Sivaganga had 84.75%
Administration
Sivaganga is the district headquarters of
Municipality Officials | |
---|---|
Chairman | M. Arujunan[16] |
Commissioner | K. Saravanan[17] |
Vice Chairman | V. Sekar[18] |
Elected Members | |
Member of Legislative Assembly | Cholan CT. Palanichamy[19] |
Member of Parliament | Karti P. Chidambaram[20]
|
The municipality of Sivaganga was constituted as a third grade municipality in 1965 and promoted to first grade during May 1998.[21] As of 2008, the municipality covered an area of 6.97 km2 (2.69 sq mi) and had a total of 27 members. The functions of the municipality is devolved into six departments: General, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, Town planning and the Computer Wing. All these departments are under the control of a Municipal Commissioner who is the supreme executive head.[22] The legislative powers are vested in a body of 27 members, one each from the 27 wards. The legislative body is headed by an elected Chairperson assisted by a Deputy Chairperson.[23] The municipality had an income of ₹54,631,000 and an expenditure of ₹75,385,000 for the year 2010–11.[24]
Sivaganga comes under the
Sivaganga is a part of the
Transport
Road
Buses that connect the nearby villages and smaller towns (e.g. Devakottai, Kalayarkoil, Thirupathur, Illayankudi, Thiruvadanai) terminate at the Sivagangai bus-stand. The State Transport Corporation runs long-distance buses to
Train
. Madurai has rail connectivity with important cities and towns in India.Air
Nearest airport is
Education
Economy
Graphite is one of the common resources in Sivagangai.[29] Very valuable graphite is available in Sivagangai and its surrounding areas. The Sivaganga graphite is of flaky variety with 14% average Fixed Carbon used in the manufacture of refractory bricks, expanded graphite, crucibles and carbon brushes. TAMIN has over 600 acres of graphite bearing land in Pudupatti, Kumaripatti and Senthiudayanathapuram of Sivaganga taluk, Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu. Estimated reserve of graphite ore in leasehold area is three million tonnes.(recoverable graphite from 14% F.C is approximately 3 lakh tonnes).[30]
The majority of the workforce is dependent on agriculture (72.8%). The principal crop of Sivaganga district is paddy rice. Most of the district has red soil. The other crops grown are sugarcane, groundnuts, pulses, millet and cereals. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University plans to set up the State's first Red Soil Dryland Research Centre in Sivaganga district.
Sakthi sugar factory is also located in Padamathur, Sivaganga. It has the capacity to produce more than 5000 tons of sugar per day. It provides employment to more than 1000 labourers, directly and indirectly. Moser Baer Clean Energy Limited has commissioned a 5 MW grid connected solar PV project at Sivaganga, Tamil Nadu. The project was awarded to Sapphire Industrial Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of MBCEL, through a competitive bidding process conducted by the Tamil Nadu Renewable Development Agency. The project is implemented under the 50 MWp generation based incentive scheme of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India.[31]
Tourism
Sakkanthi Big Chettinad style home is famous for cinema shooting and culture. Alangara Annai Cathedral is the major church and headquarters for Roman Catholic Diocese of Sivagangai. (Including Ramnad and Sivagangai District).[citation needed] The church has architecture style like "Fish structure" from the bird eye view. Kannudayal Nayagi Amman temple, in Nataraasan kottai which is 5 km away from the town. Eswar temple in Kalayarkoil is a Hindu temple with pandiyan architecture construction.[citation needed]
Utility services
Electricity supply to Sivaganga is regulated and distributed by the
Notable people
- Velu Nachiyar
- Kuyili
- Alagappa Chettiar
- Kannadasan
- Palaniappan Chidambaram
- Muthulingam (poet)
- Kaniyan Pungundranar
- Seeman
- Ganja Karuppu
- Tha. Kiruttinan
- Perarasu
- Chinnaponnu
- Maranayanar
- Suba Veerapandian
See also
References
- ^ Sivagangai Municipality, Commissioner. "Sivagangai Municipal Council". Department Of Municipal Administration And Water Supply.
- ^ ":: Welcome to Sivagangai Municipality ::". Archived from the original on 13 April 2013.
- ^ ":: Welcome to Model Municipality ::". Archived from the original on 13 April 2013.
- ^ a b c "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ S.M, Kamaal. (1997). Seermigu Sivagangai Seemai. p. 24.
- ^ Iyer 1899, pp. i-ii
- ^ Iyer 1899, pp. iii-iv
- ^ a b Price, Pamela G. (1996). Kingship and Political Practice in Colonial India. pp. 48–57.
- ^ Sivagangai Municipality, Commissioner. "Sivagangai Municipal Council". Department Of Municipal Administration And Water Supply. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ^ "Weather statistics for Sivaganga". yr.no. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
- ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Sivaganga". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ Sivagangai Municipality, Commissioner. "Sivagangai Population details". Sivaganga Municipality. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ^ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- ^ MSME 2012, p. 3
- ^ "Sivaganga district court". District Courts. 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Chairman of Sivaganga". Sivaganga Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Commissioner of Sivaganga". Sivaganga Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Vice Chairman of Sivaganga". Sivaganga Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ a b "MLA of Sivaganga". Government of Tamil Nadu. 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ a b "Seventeenth Loksabha, Member of the Parliament". Parliament of India. 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ "About Sivaganga Municipality". Sivaganga Municipality. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Commissionerate of Municipal Administration". Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ Economic and political weekly 1995, p. 2396
- ^ "Budget 2010–11" (PDF) (in Tamil). Sivaganga Municipality. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "List of Assembly Constituencies". Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu state government. 2010. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Map showing the new assembly constituencies" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 1. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ V., Mayilvaganam; TNN (17 May 2014). "Election results 2014: As P Chidambaram power fails Karti comes fourth". The Times of India. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
- ^ [1] Archived 10 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited (2006). "Graphite". Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited. Archived from the original on 1 February 2011.
- ^ "Brief Industrial Profile of Sivagangai" (PDF). Department of Industry, Ministry of Small scale industries, Government of India. 26 May 2014.
- ^ Moserbaer Projects Private Limited (2010). "Moser Baer Projects Private Limited — Divisions — Solar Power — Projects". Moserbaer Projects Private Limited.
- ^ "Important Address" (PDF). Indian Wind Power Association. 2011. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Water Supply Details". Sivaganga Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Waste management programme". Sivaganga Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Water Sewage Details". Sivaganga Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Storm water drains of Sivaganga". Sivaganga municipality. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Sivaganga hospitals". Sivaganga municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Street lights of Sivaganga". Sivaganga municipality. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
- ^ "Sivaganga Markets". Sivaganga Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
Other sources
- Iyer, K. Annasawmi (1899). The Sivaganga Zemindary: Its Origin and Its Litigation 1730 to 1899, with a Genealogical Tree. Hoe & Company, Printers.
- MSME Development Institute. Brief Industrial profile of Sivaganga district (PDF) (Report). Chennai: Ministry of MSME, Government of India.