Slovak nationalism
Slovak nationalism is an
History
Modern Slovak nationalism first arose in the 19th century in response to Magyarization of Slovak-inhabited territories in the Kingdom of Hungary. It was based on two main ideas: a historical state right based on a continuity with the early medieval Great Moravian Empire and an identity associated with the Slavs.
Ethnic nationalism and civic nationalism
During the century-long period spanning from Slovakia's semi-independence as part of democratic Czechoslovakia in 1918, to the liberal democratic independent republic of the early 2020s, Slovak nationalism had gradually evolved into several different ideological strands.
One is the continued ethnic nationalism, focused mainly on the Slovak ethnic majority and Slovakia as a primarily Slovak nation state. This nationalism occurs both in moderate and radical forms. The other major strand is civic nationalism, which emphasizes more of a patriotic perspective, focused on Slovakia as a homeland of both the major ethnicity (Slovaks) and all of Slovakia's ethnic, religious and other minorities. Though more traditional ethnic nationalism is still influential in Slovakia, modern civic nationalism had gradually grown in significance, and forms the dominant view in today's Slovakia.
Due to Slovakia's long historical existence without its own separate and sovereign national government, the various expressions of Slovak nationalism have continued to develop in complex ways. The civic nationalist view of the country had developed and grown in significance especially during the democratic eras of the country's history, particularly after Slovakia's full independence in 1993. With the country's democratic independence issue resolved, the focus of both ethnic nationalists and civic nationalists has shifted away from the original focus of Slovak nationalism, as originally established in the 19th century (i.e. achievement of political and cultural representation and self-governance).
Slovakia's transfer from a repressed society with a Soviet-imposed
A populist political approach occurs among both ethnic nationalist and civic nationalist political parties and other groups.
Slovak nationalist parties
- Slovak National Party (1871–1938)
- Slovak People's Party (1913–1945)
- Juriga's Slovak People's Party (1925–1938)
- Slovak National Party (1989–present)
- People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (1991–2014)
- Direction – Social Democracy (1999–present)
- True Slovak National Party (2001–2005)
- Conservative Democrats of Slovakia (2008–2014)
- Kotleba – People's Party Our Slovakia(2010–present)
- We Are Family (2015–present)