Slut
Slut (archaic: slattern) is an
The word was used as early as the 1300s (in the form of an adjective, sluttish, referring to a man's untidy appearance) by Geoffrey Chaucer in The Canterbury Tales.[6] From the late 20th century, there have been attempts to
Etymology, common usages and synonyms
The common
Although the ultimate origin of the word slut is unknown, it first appeared in Middle English in 1402 as slutte (AHD), with the meaning of 'dirty, untidy, or slovenly woman'.[10] Even earlier, Geoffrey Chaucer used the word sluttish (c. 1386) to describe a slovenly man;[11][6][12][13] however, later uses appear almost exclusively associated with women.[10] The modern sense of 'sexually promiscuous woman' dates to at least 1450.[10] The word was originally used around 1450 in the late Middle English language. It was used to describe a woman as dirty, or refer to her as a prostitute, harlot, or immoral woman. The word slut also took a similar form around the same era in the Norwegian language as slutr 'sleet', also known as an impure liquor.[14]
Another early meaning was 'kitchen maid or drudge' (c. 1450), a meaning retained as late as the 18th century, when hard knots of dough found in bread were referred to as slut's pennies.[10] An example of this use is Samuel Pepys's diary description of his servant girl as "an admirable slut" who "pleases us mightily, doing more service than both the others and deserves wages better" (February 1664).[15] Slut and slutishness occur in Shakespeare's comedy As You Like It, written in 1599 or 1600.[16] In the nineteenth century, the word was used as a euphemism in place of bitch in the sense of a female dog.[10][17]
Today, the term slut has a pervasive presence in popular culture and pornography, but is almost exclusively used to describe women. An exact male equivalent of the term does not exist. The lack of a comparably popular term for men highlights the double standard in societal expectations (gender roles) between males and females, as negative terms for sexually promiscuous males are rare.[5][18] Out of the 220 terms ascribed to females and 20 terms ascribed to males,[4] all female terms are disapproving while some male terms signal approval or praise; these include stud, player, and man whore.[5] While colloquial terms such as male slut or man whore are used in popular culture, they are usually used in a joking manner.[19] There are, however, other terms that can be used to criticize men for their sexuality. For example, a man's masculinity can be undermined by using terms such as weak, sissy, pussy, or whipped. They also dismiss female-on-male abuse, and are just as powerful and representative of modern societal prejudices. Hence, women may find it difficult to hold high positions at their workplace, whereas men may be mocked for choosing to be stay-at-home fathers. Although a sexually active and professionally successful woman might be seen as a threat, a man without those qualities is often regarded with suspicion and questions about his sexuality.[20]
The word slut is commonly interchanged with the words
Hearne, 1715: "Nor was she a Woman of any Beauty, but was a nasty Slut."
Shenstone, 1765: "She's ugly, she's old, ... And a slut, and a scold."
The attack on the character of the person is perhaps best brought together by the highly suggestive and related compound word, slut's-hole, meaning a place or receptacle for rubbish;[21] the associated quote provides a sense of this original meaning:
Saturday Review (London), 1862: "There are a good many slut-holes in London to rake out."
Slut can also be used as verb to denote behavior characterized as that of a slut. For example, in the 1972 play, That Championship Season, by Jason Miller, contained the exchange:
COACH: I don't care what that hot pantsed bitch said. Go home and kick her ass all over the kitchen. All that slutting around...
GEORGE. She's not a slut...
COACH. She was punished for slutting, wasn't she? She was punished and so were you![22]
Alternative usages and culture
General
The word slut is used as a slang term in the
With BDSM, polyamorous, and non-monogamous people, in usage taken from the book The Ethical Slut, the term has been used as an expression of choice to openly have multiple partners, and revel in that choice: "a slut is a person of any gender who has the courage to lead life according to the radical proposition that sex is nice and pleasure is good for you."[23]: 4 A slut is a person who has taken control of their sexuality and has sex with whomever they choose, regardless of religious or social pressures or conventions to conform to a strait-laced monogamous lifestyle committed to one partner for life.
The term has been
The double standard associated with slut-labeling is part of the modern day rape culture. Rape culture is "the casual debasement [of women] ... that has become such a part of our lives that it is often invisible."[26] Though people in society are vocally anti-rape, there is an insinuation that certain types of rape are acceptable or that women are voluntarily taking actions that justify sexual advances. "For example, women continue to be blamed if they are raped because of how they are dressed, the assumption that women purportedly lie about being raped remains popular, and certain women, such as married women or women of colour, are still considered 'unrapeable'".[27] The word slut and the double standard it contains reflects the gender norms and gender biases[26] that are prevalent in a culture in which rape is constantly justified. People from all sects of society contribute to this justification.[28]
There have been many movements or "SlutWalks" taking place around the world to regain a sense of pride in women. Many slut walks or movements protest against the idea that a woman's appearance, often considered promiscuous, is a justification of sexual assault and rape. The participants in these walks protest against individuals that excuse rape due to the woman's appearance, including victim blaming and slut shaming; slut walks have now become a worldwide movement.[29]
Women of color
The examples and perspective in this section deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (September 2020) |
The word slut means different things to white women and
Most of the SlutWalks were coordinated by white women, and some black women felt uncomfortable when joining. Sociologist Jo Reger writes: "Women of color ... argued that the white women organizers and participants had not considered the ways in which the sexuality of women of color had been constructed through a history of oppression, rape, and sexual exploitation."[31]: 88 People of color, especially black people, had been avoiding words like slut, jezebel, hottentot, mammy, mule, sapphire, or welfare queens.[31]: 88
Model and actress Amber Rose was one of the first people to conduct and take a lead for a SlutWalk for people of color. "The Amber Rose SlutWalk Festival is a completely inclusive space. This event is a zero tolerance event and we do not condone hateful language, racism, sexism, ableism, fat-shaming, transphobia or any other kind of bigotry. Further, we recognize that shaming, oppression, assault and violence have disproportionately impacted marginalized groups, including women of color, transgender people and sex workers, and thus we are actively working to center these groups at our events."[32]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Slut". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Slut". Reference.com. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
- ^ Nathanson, Rebecca (2 October 2011). "SlutWalk Rally Against Sexual Violence Draws Huge Crowd of Feminists". The Village Voice. Archived from the original on 4 May 2012.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4408-3294-9. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-285-07593-8. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
- ^ a b Bennett, Jessica (20 March 2015). "Monica Lewinsky and Why the Word Slut Is Still So Potent". Time. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
- ^ Greer, Germaine (12 May 2011). "These 'slut walk' women are simply fighting for their right to be dirty". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011.
- BBC News Magazine.
- ^ Carroll, Caitlin (31 October 2005). "What's the deal with slutty Halloween costumes?". The GW Hatchet (student newspaper). George Washington University. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
- ^ a b c d e Harper, Douglas. "slut". Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Tanenbaum, Leora (2 February 2015). "A Brief History Of 'Slut'". HuffPost. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
- ^ "From Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Canterbury Tales", The Manciple's Tale, lines 139-154". www.librarius.com. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
- ^ "The Canon's Yeoman's Prologue. The Canterbury Tales. Geoffrey Chaucer. 1894. The Complete Poetical Works". www.bartleby.com. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
- ^ "the definition of slut".
- ^ "Samuel Pepys Diary February 1664 complete". Pepys.info. Archived from the original on 1 January 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
- ^ Shakespeare, William. As You Like It (III, iii, 1531–1537). "[Audrey:] Well, I am not fair; and therefore I pray the gods make me / honest. / [Touchstone:] Truly, and to cast away honesty upon a foul slut were / to put good meat into an unclean dish. / [Audrey:] I am not a slut, though I thank the gods I am foul. / [Touchstone:] Well, praised be the gods for thy foulness; / sluttishness may come hereafter. ..."
- OCLC 7437533.
- ISBN 978-1-4408-0335-2.[page needed]
- ^ S2CID 54991899. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2018 – via Taylor & FrancisOnline.
- ^ Devon, Natasha (15 October 2014). "Is there a male equivalent to calling a woman a 'slut'?". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
- ^ "slut's-hole". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
- ^ Jason Miller, That Championship Season (1972), p. 43.
- ^ ISBN 1-890159-01-8.
- PMID 25419044.
- ^ Lindin, Emily. "The UnSlut Project".
- ^ a b Breger, Melissa L. (1 July 2014). "Transforming cultural norms of sexual violence against women". Journal of Research in Gender Studies. Retrieved 10 August 2018 – via Free Online Library.
- ^ "Login Required". search.rdsinc.com. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
- ^ Mahler, Jonathan (11 October 2016). "For Many Women, Trump's 'Locker Room Talk' Brings Memories of Abuse". The New York Times.
- ^ "SlutWalk DC". Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
- ^ a b North, Anna (3 February 2015). "Should 'Slut' Be Retired?". Op-Talk. The New York Times.
- ^ .
- ^ Rose, Amber. "The Amber Rose Slutwalk". About the Walk. Amber Rose. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
Further reading
- "slut". The Mavens' Word of the Day. Random House. 15 December 1997. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013.
External links
The dictionary definition of slut at Wiktionary