Social hygiene movement
The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (June 2020) |
The social hygiene movement in the
History
The social hygiene movement of the late 19th and early 20th was rooted in the reformist zeal of the
Many reformers, such as
Social Hygiene Movement
Social hygiene as a profession grew alongside
The social hygiene movement began to gain momentum and in 1913 making the movement part of publishings such as the American Journal of Public Health.
The movement remained alive throughout much of the 20th century and found its way into American schools, where it was transmitted in the form of classroom films about
Soviet Union
The Social hygiene approach was adopted in medical schools in the
The State Institute for Social Hygiene opened in 1923. This approach was not popular with educators or with medical students. In 1930 the institute was renamed the Institute of Organisation of Health Care and Hygiene.[6]
American Social Hygiene Association
The American Social Hygiene Association partnered with the government during World War I. The American Social Hygiene Association provided social hygiene health and sexual health information to the soldiers in hopes that this education would help take fewer soldiers out of action from venereal diseases.[7]
The idea of prostitution was considered a “necessary evil” in light of an artificial demand that had been created through various forms including political corruption and advertising. With further investigation into the business of prostitution cities that did not contain commercialized prostitution had less crime and appeared to be in better shape than those who contained such. Most prostitutes that had been examined were found to have venereal diseases, but with that included a negative social stigma which stopped people from getting examined and so there became a campaign involving several organizations to suppress prostitution and begin educating people about sex and venereal diseases. The two organizations that had developed were the American Vigilance Association, fighting prostitution, and the American Federation for Sex Hygiene. Finally, the two organizations had realized their mutual interest and called a meeting in Buffalo, New York which the term “social hygiene” was coined. By 1914 the organizations formed into one, calling themselves, “The American Social Hygiene Association”.[8]
Progressive Era
The social hygiene movement helped with the development of the management of prostitution in the Progressive Era. The Progressive Era was the turning point in the state's regulations of sexuality. It was said that the Progressive Era had physicians and women moral reformers working together to help manage prostitution and educate the people on social hygiene.[9]
Racial Hygiene Association
This link between racial hygiene and social hygiene movements can be seen in Australia, where the Racial Hygiene Association of New South Wales is now named The Family Planning Association.[10]
Negro Project
In the 1940s during World War II, ASHA (American Social Hygiene Association) launched a new project called
In the early 1940s, ASHA drafted a grant proposal and in 1942 it was sent to prospective funding agencies. The proposal emphasized two main aspects of the Negro Project, “that the higher rate of prevalence of venereal diseases among the black population was alarming; and two, that this higher prevalence rate was not the fault of the black community.” (A. Sharma) The main purpose of the Negro Project was to provide educational materials and methods for instruction regarding syphilis. Some of the intended materials to be produced were pamphlets, posters, and motion pictures specifically aimed at the African American community.
After being rejected by private funding organizations, the project found support from the Social Protection Division of the Federal Security Agency.
In November 1943, in New York City, the Negro Project held its first major activity which was the National Conference on Wartime Problems in Venereal Disease Control. This conference was held so that they could form a committee and create an action plan for the Negro Project. After the national conference in 1943, project officials held meetings at regional level, predominantly in Southern states. However, in 1945 the records of the project suddenly go silent and no further activity for this project was documented in ASHA records. It has been speculated that due to the Social Protection Division of the Federal Security Agency being dissolved in the 1940s, the funds for the project dried up causing the project to end.[11]
Mental Hygiene Movement
In regards to the mental hygiene movement, it helped providers realize that the problems of mental health and prevention of disease goes beyond providers in hospitals. The movement helped healthcare train their providers properly. It also helped with studies of more sympathetic treatment for mental health patients.[12]
See also
- Commission on Training Camp Activities
- Comstock laws
- History of condoms
- La Follette–Bulwinkle Act
- Mann Act
- Mental health
- Racial hygiene
- Timeline of reproductive rights legislation
- United States obscenity law
References
- ^ S2CID 143931197.
- ^ "Mental Hygiene Law - Admissions Process". omh.ny.gov.
- JSTOR 3704179.
- ^ Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood in History and Society: Hygiene JACQUELINE S. WILKIE.
- PMID 18008942.
- ^ Khwaja, Barbara (26 May 2017). "Health Reform in Revolutionary Russia". Socialist Health Association. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
- .
- ^ American Social Health Association Records, 1905-2005. University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Social Welfare History Archives. Minneapolis, MN: https://www.lib.umn.edu/swha (https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/health-nutrition/american-social-hygiene-association-history-and-a-forecast/)
- S2CID 141232872.
- ^ "Family Planning NSW: News: Announcements: 80 years of Family Planning". Archived from the original on January 6, 2009.
- S2CID 143898858.
- PMID 20311133.
External links
- American Social Hygiene Posters - Online repository of social hygiene posters from the University of Minnesota
- Lowry, Edith Belle (1912). "False Modesty". HathiTrust Digital Library. University of Michigan.
- The Prelinger Archives at the Internet Archive