Society for Creative Anachronism
Founded | May 1, 1966Berkeley, California, U.S. | in
---|---|
Type | 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation |
Focus | Historical reenactment |
Headquarters | Milpitas, California |
Coordinates | 37°23′45″N 121°56′15″W / 37.39583°N 121.93750°W |
Area served | Worldwide |
Volunteers | About 30,000[1] |
Website | www |
The Society for Creative Anachronism (SCA) is an international living history group with the aim of studying and recreating mainly Medieval European cultures and their histories before the 17th century. A quip often used within the SCA describes it as a group devoted to the Middle Ages "as they ought to have been",[2] choosing to "selectively recreate the culture, choosing elements of the culture that interest and attract us".[2] Founded in 1966, the non-profit educational corporation has over 20,000 paid members as of 2020[3] with about 60,000 total participants in the society, including members and non-member participants.[4]
History
The SCA's roots can be traced to a backyard party of a
In 1968, Bradley moved to
In 2012, the SCA agreed to pay $1.3 million to settle a lawsuit brought on behalf of 11 victims of child sexual abuse. The abuse was committed in Pennsylvania at the private residence of Ben Schragger, who pleaded guilty to criminal charges in 2004. Schragger was a member of the SCA at the time of the abuse. His membership was suspended on his arrest and permanently revoked after his plea. The lawsuit contended that the SCA had not conducted a background check on Schragger, though at the time the organization did not perform background checks in general and there is no legal requirement to do so.[9][10][11]
Activities
The SCA engages in a broad range of activities, including
to be given by SCA royalty as awards for various achievements.Most local groups in the SCA hold weekly fighter practices, and many also hold regular archery practices, dance practices, A&S (Arts & Science) nights and other regular gatherings. Some kingdoms and regions also have occasional war practices, where fighters practice formations and group tactics in preparation for large scale "war" events.
The research and approach by members of the SCA toward the recreation of history has led to new discoveries about medieval life.[12] The SCA does not require participants to wear historically accurate clothing or equipment. According to the newcomer's guide:[13]
We request that all participants make "an attempt" at pre-17th-century clothing commonly referred to as "Garb"...As you pick items, always remember to try not to make them "obtrusively modern".
Events
The SCA holds its own events as a non-profit education organization for the benefit of SCA members and their guests. This is unlike most
The minimum standard for attendance at an SCA event is "an attempt at pre-17th century clothing",[19] and there is a general goal of maintaining a historical atmosphere. However, SCA members will use modern elements when necessary for personal comfort, medical needs, or to promote safety (e.g. wearing prescription eye-wear, using rattan for swords or shear thickening substances for padding). Unlike some other living history groups, most SCA gatherings do not reenact a specific time or place in history, leaving members free to dress as any culture within the SCA's time period.[20][21]
Publications
The SCA produces two quarterly publications, The Compleat Anachronist and Tournaments Illuminated,[22] and each kingdom publishes a monthly newsletter.
The Compleat Anachronist is a quarterly monographic series, each issue focused on a specific topic related to the period of circa 600–1600 in history.[23] Issues are written by SCA members and have covered a wide range of topics.[24]
Tournaments Illuminated is a quarterly magazine, each issue covering a range of topics and including several features such as news, a humor column, book reviews, war reports and various articles on SCA-related topics of interest.[25]
Organization
Corporate organization
The SCA is incorporated as a
Branches
The SCA is divided into administrative regions that it calls kingdoms. Smaller branches within those kingdoms include Principalities, Regions, Baronies, and Provinces; and local chapters are known as Cantons, Ridings, Shires, Colleges, Strongholds, and Ports. Kingdoms, principalities, and baronies have ceremonial rulers who preside over activities and issue awards to individuals and groups. Colleges, strongholds, and ports are local chapters (like a shire) that are associated with an institution, such as a school, military base, or even a military ship at sea.[28]
All SCA branches are organized in descending order as follows:[28]
- Kingdom: Area ruled by a King and Queen (typically covering several U.S. states or Canadian provinces, and can be as large as countries or collections of countries). Minimum members required 400.[28]
- Principality: Area within a kingdom ruled by a Prince and Princess (large area sometimes comprising entire states). Minimum members required 100.[28]
- Region: Equivalent of principality without ceremonial representative.
- Barony: Area administered by a Baron and/or Baroness, the ceremonial representative(s) of the Crown. Minimum members required 25.[28]
- Canton: Local branch reporting through a barony (local chapter, which may be on the way to becoming a shire).
- Province: Equivalent of barony without ceremonial representative.
- Riding: Local branch reporting through a province.
- Shire: Local branch reporting directly to a kingdom or principality. Minimum members required 5.[28]
- College: Institutional branch based at a school, research facility, etc. (may be a part of a larger local group or report directly to a principality or kingdom).
- Stronghold: Institutional branch based at a military installation (may be a part of a larger local group or report directly to a principality or kingdom).
- Port: Institutional branch based at a military installation in situations where groups of members will be detached for long periods, as with ships at sea (may be a part of a larger local group or report directly to a principality or kingdom).
- Barony: Area administered by a Baron and/or Baroness, the ceremonial representative(s) of the Crown. Minimum members required 25.[28]
Groups are active all over the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, Japan, South Africa, and New Zealand, with scattered groups elsewhere, including China, Israel, Panama and Thailand. At one time there was even a group on the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz, known as the "Shire of Curragh Mor" (anglicized Irish for "Big Boat"), and the shire's arms played on the Nimitz's ship's badge.[30] There is also an active chapter in South Korea, the Stronghold of Warrior's Gate, with a mix of active duty military personnel from the several services and military-connected civilians. There are also non-territorial groups, usually called "households", which are not part of the Society's formal organization, the largest of which is the Mongol Empire-themed Great Dark Horde.[31]
Kingdoms
The twenty SCA Kingdoms and the geographic areas they cover[32] are (in order of founding)[33]
- The West Kingdom was created when the Society originated in 1966. It currently includes Northern California, most of Nevada, and Alaska, as well as Japan, Korea, and the Pacific Rim (excluding Australia and New Zealand).
- The Kingdom of the East was created in 1968. In the United States it covers eastern Pennsylvania, eastern New York, Delaware, New Jersey, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. In Canada, it covers Quebec, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Newfoundland.
- The Middle Kingdom was created in 1969. Its current borders include Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, lower Michigan, and parts of Kentucky, Iowa and Ontario.
- The Kingdom of Atenveldt was created in 1971. It originally encompassed all the lands between the West, East, and Middle Kingdoms, and now consists of the state of Arizona.
- The Kingdom of Meridies was created in 1978 from the Kingdom of Atenveldt. Its borders currently encompass panhandle of Florida.
- The Kingdom of Caid was created in 1978 from the Kingdom of the West. It currently encompasses Southern Las Vegas metropolitan area, and Hawaii.
- The Kingdom of Ansteorra was created in 1979 from the Kingdom of Atenveldt. Ansteorra covers Oklahoma and most of Texas as well as the International Space Station.
- The Kingdom of Atlantia was created in 1981 from the Kingdom of the East. Its borders cover Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, Augusta, Georgia, and Washington, D.C.
- The Kingdom of An Tir was created in 1982 from the Kingdom of the West. It encompasses the US states of Oregon, Washington, and the northern tips of Idaho, and part of the Canadian province of British Columbia.
- The Kingdom of Calontir was created in 1984 from the Kingdom of the Middle. It covers Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, and the 727xx Zip Code area around Fayetteville, Arkansas.
- The Kingdom of Trimaris was created in 1985. It was split from the Kingdom of Meridies and is composed of the majority of Florida, as well as Panama, and falsely but humorously, Antarctica
- The Kingdom of the Outlands was created in 1986 from the Kingdom of Atenveldt. It encompasses New Mexico and Colorado, parts of Wyoming, the Nebraska panhandle, El Paso County and the Hudspeth County in Texas.
- The Kingdom of Drachenwald was created in 1993 from the Kingdom of the East. It is by far the largest kingdom in terms of land area, but not in population. It covers all of Europe (including islands), Africa, and the Middle East.
- The Kingdom of Artemisia was created in 1997 from the Kingdom of Atenveldt. It currently covers Montana, southern Idaho, most of Utah, and southwestern Wyoming.
- The Kingdom of Æthelmearc was created in 1997 from the Kingdom of the East. It covers northeastern/central/western Pennsylvania, central/western New York, and West Virginia.
- The Kingdom of Ealdormere was created in 1998 from the Kingdom of the Middle. It comprises most of the Canadian province of Ontario.
- The Kingdom of Lochac was created in 2002 from the West Kingdom (Australia) and the Kingdom of Caid (New Zealand). It encompasses the entirety of Australia and New Zealand, and was granted prior title by the Board of the Society to the Australian administered parts of Antarctica, in contradiction of the later claim put forward by the Kingdom of Trimaris. In 2017, the SCA groups in China became part of Lochac from the West Kingdom
- The Kingdom of Northshield was created in 2004 from the Kingdom of the Middle. It covers North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and the upper peninsula of Michigan. It also extends into Canada, encompassing Manitoba and northwestern Ontario.[34]
- The Kingdom of Gleann Abhann was created in 2005 from the Kingdom of Meridies. It covers Mississippi, Louisiana, most of Arkansas, and the western edge of Tennessee including the Memphis area.
- The Kingdom of Avacal was created in 2015[35] from the Kingdom of An Tir. It covers Alberta, Saskatchewan, Yukon, Northwest Territories and part of British Columbia.
Officers
The Society as a whole, each kingdom, and each local group within a kingdom, all have a standard group of officers with titles loosely based on medieval equivalents.[28]
- Seneschal: The seneschal acts as the administrative head, or president of the group. Every local group is required to have a local seneschal who reports to the kingdom's seneschal.[20]
- Chancellor of the Exchequer or Reeve: The treasurer, who handles the financial matters of the group. Every local group is required to have one. The Society Chancellor of the Exchequer, who administrates the kingdom and local reeves, reports to the Society Treasurer who handles the corporate finances. In most kingdoms the Exchequer (kingdom or local) are some of the only officers to have a financial warrant to collect gate fees and handle money for the society.[36]
- rapier combat, archery and equestrian. A local group is required to have one in order to host combat activities.
- Minister of Arts and Sciences: Sometimes split into two offices, one for arts and one for sciences, this office coordinates arts and sciences activities for the group, arranging both monthly classes and demonstrations as well as a larger yearly collegium (a two- to three-day workshop with multiple classes), and leading participants to others who work in fields of their interest.[37][38]
- Herald: This officer is in charge of heraldic activities, such as the creation and registration of names and arms. Each kingdom has a College of Heralds which prepares submissions to go to the Society College of Arms, headed by the Laurel Sovereign of Arms.
- Chatelaine or Hospitaller or Gold Key : In charge of welcoming and facilitating new participants into the SCA including recruiting, onboarding, and transitioning members from other branches. They are also responsible for Gold Key, which provides loaner garb, and occasionally feast gear and introductory literature, for new members.[39]
- Marshal: Supervises a specific combat-related activity, ensuring safety of participants and refereeing where applicable. A marshal must be certified for the type of activity they oversee; as such there are armored combat marshals, rapier marshals, target archery marshals, equestrian marshals, etc. A marshal of a given certification must be present for that particular activity to take place at an event.
- Constable: In all kingdoms they handle public safety and security, and may collect gate fees depending on the policy of the kingdom the event is in.[40]
- Kingdom Waiver Secretary: In charge of maintaining and tracking liability waivers for events.[41]
- Chronicler: Produces and edits the group's newsletter. The Society Chronicler monitors each of the kingdom and local group's chroniclers, while the SCA's two organization-wide publications, Tournaments Illuminated and The Compleat Anachronist, each have their own editor-in-chief.
- Minister of Children, Minister of Youth or Youth Activities Officer: Arranging and officiating children's activities.[42]
- Historian: Recording the history of the group, from the local to the Society level.
- Webminister: Derived from webmaster, this officer is in charge of maintaining the Internet presence of the group.
- Social Media: Responsible for use of social media on a variety of platforms and to serve as the "official voice" of the branch groups of the SCA.[43]
- Chirurgeon: In charge of safety and modern first aid. First formed in 1983, the office was dissolved on August 10, 2015 amid concerns of legal liability.[44]
Culture of the group
Members of the SCA study and take part in a variety of activities, including combat and chivalry, archery, heraldry, equestrian activities, costuming, cooking, metalworking, woodworking, leather crafting, music, dance, calligraphy, fiber arts, and others as practiced during the member's time period.[6]
Personae
To aid historical recreation, participants in the SCA create historically plausible characters known individually as personae.[6] To new members, a persona can simply be a costume and a name used for weekend events, while other members may study and create an elaborate personal history. The goal of a well-crafted persona is a historically accurate person who might have lived in a particular historical time and place. The SCA has onomastic students who assist members in creating an appropriate persona name. The SCA rules state that: "We allow elements and patterns for personal names from beyond Europe, but we require them to be from cultures that were known to medieval and Renaissance Europeans or whose members might reasonably have traveled to Europe".[45] So, while less common, there are members with Saracen, Chinese, Japanese or Native American personae.[46]
In addition, claiming to be a specific historical individual, especially a familiar one (e.g.
Heraldry
A major dimension to the SCA is its internal system of
Royalty
The SCA has ceremonial rulers chosen by winning tournaments (Kings/Queens, Princes/Princesses) in SCA armoured combat. Barons and Baronesses are appointed by Royalty, although some baronies hold elections or competitions to choose their preferred Baron and/or Baroness. One of the primary functions of state for reigning monarchs is to recognize participant achievement through awards. Most awards denote excellence in a specific pursuit such as local service, arts and sciences, and combat. Some awards change the precedence and title of the recipient, giving him or her the privilege of being known as "Lord"/"Lady", "Baron", "Duchess", "Master", and so forth. High level awards are often given with the consultation of the other people who have received the award, such as peerages and consulting orders.[28] The Crown has some authority over other matters relating to leadership, but the extent of this varies from kingdom to kingdom.
Rule by right of arms
Each SCA kingdom is "ruled" by a king and queen chosen by winning a Crown Tournament in armored combat. Corpora require this to be held as a "properly constituted armored combat" tournament.[28] The winner of the Crown Tournament and his/her consort are styled "Crown Prince and Princess" and serve an advisory period (three to six months, depending upon the scheduling of the Crown Tournament) under the current king and queen prior to acceding to the throne and ruling in their turn.[28]
This selection method is not based on how actual medieval
The SCA's first event did not choose a "king". Fighters vied for the right to declare their ladies (only men fought at the first event) "fairest", later called the "Queen of Love and Beauty".[5]
Peerage orders
The highest ranking titles in the SCA belong to the royalty, followed by the former royalty. Former kings and queens become counts and countesses (dukes and duchesses if they have reigned more than once), and former princes and princesses of principalities become viscounts and viscountesses.[28] This system is not historically based, but was developed out of practical necessity early in the Society's history.
Directly beneath this "landed" nobility (current and former royalty) rank the highest awards, the peerages. The SCA has four orders of peerage with one split into two parts: the Order of the Chivalry, awarded for skill at arms in armored combat, split into the knights and the masters of arms; the Order of the Laurel, awarded for skill in the arts and sciences; the Order of the Pelican, awarded for outstanding service to the Society; and the Order of Defense, awarded for skill at arms in rapier combat. In several kingdoms the Order of the Rose, made up of former consorts, is considered a peerage equal to the other four.[28]
Elevation to peerage
Peerages are bestowed by the Crown (the sovereign and consort) of a kingdom. In most cases, this is done with the consent of the members of a given peerage, often at their suggestion.[28] The Society's Bylaws state that "the Crown may elevate subjects to the peerage by granting membership in one of the orders conferring a Patent of Arms, after consultation with the members of the Order within the kingdom, and in accordance with the laws and customs of the kingdom. Restriction: to advance a candidate to the Order of the Chivalry, a knight of the Society (usually the king) must bestow the accolade".[28]
Cultural impact
In May 1999, The Onion ran a front-page article headlined "Society for Creative Anachronism Seizes Control of Russia" featuring photos of actual SCA participants from the Barony of Jaravellir (Madison, Wisconsin).[50][51]
In Number of the Beast (1980), Robert A. Heinlein portrayed an SCA tournament where live weapons were used and the battles actually fought to the "death".[52] The defeated combatants were either transported to an alternate reality where medical technology was advanced enough that they could be revived from any wound or transported to the alternate reality that was Valhalla. The contestants' desires were placed in sealed envelopes prior to the tournament, which were destroyed if the competitor won and obeyed if a competitor lost.[53]
In Ariel (1983), a
The 1986 fantasy novel The Folk of the Air by Peter S. Beagle was written after the author attended a few early SCA events circa 1968; but he has repeatedly stated that he then studiously avoided any contact with the SCA itself for almost two decades, so that his description of a fictitious "League for Archaic Pleasures" would not be "contaminated" by contact with the actual real-life organization.[56][57]
Members of the SCA are given pivotal roles in
The novel Murder at the War (Knightfall in paperback edition) by Mary Monica Pulver is a murder mystery set entirely at the SCA's largest annual event, Pennsic War.
In
In his conclusion to the
In Christopher Stasheff's "Warlock" series, the inhabitants of the planet Gramarye are revealed to be descended from SCA participants.[60] A prequel, Escape Velocity, describes how the SCAdians first came to Gramarye, and how lands were assigned to the royal peers.[61]
In John Ringo's The Council Wars science fiction series, characters with SCA or SCA-like experience help their society recover from a catastrophic loss of technology.[62]
References
- ^ "What is the SCA?". Society for Creative Anachronism.
- ^ a b "Life in the Current Middle Ages: What is the SCA?". Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. 2008-04-04. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "Membership Decline" (PDF).
- ^ "What is the SCA?". Society for Creative Anachronism. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
- ^ a b c Keyes, William (1980). "The Origins of the SCA". Ken Mayer. Archived from the original on 2007-06-09. Retrieved 2007-06-07.
- ^ a b c d O'Roarke, Mistress Siobhan Medhbh. "Life in the Current Middle Ages: How did the SCA begin?". Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ISBN 9783981700800.
- ^ Martin, Douglas (August 3, 2001) "Poul Anderson, Science Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74" p.A23. The New York Times
- ^ Lovigliothe, Joann (2007-05-08). "Six file federal complaint over sex abuse conviction". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ "SCA Settlement FAQ" (PDF). sca.org. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
- ^ Trembley, Andrew (2012-08-03). "SCA Will Pay $1.3M To Settle Abuse Case". File 770. Retrieved 2017-12-18.
- OCLC 32167609.
- ^ "A Newcomers Guide to the SCA" (PDF). SCA. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
- ^ "Medieval Fair of Norman". SCA Today. 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
- ^ "Event Details: Lakewood Ren Faire XXXII". East Kingdom of the Society for Creative Anachronism. 2013-03-30.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|url=
(help) - ^ "Newcomer's Portal -". 2013-08-08. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ a b "Chronology -". 2013-08-08. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ Webminister, Kingdom (2021-07-14). "Estrella War is Closed » Kingdom of Atenveldt". Kingdom of Atenveldt. Retrieved 2022-09-16.
- ^ https://www.sca.org/resources/document-library/govdocs/ (page 4)
- ^ a b "SCA Newcomer's Portal". SCA Interactive Demo. 2013-05-11. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ISBN 0-521-29480-0.
Society for Creative Anachronism.
- ^ "Publications". Society for Creative Anachronism. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "The Compleat Anachronist". Society for Creative Anachronism. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "The Compleat Anachronist: Index of Issues". Society for Creative Anachronism. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "Tournaments Illuminated". Society for Creative Anachronism. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "IRS Letter confirming the SCA's 501(c)(3) status".
- ^ "SCA, Inc. – The Board of Directors". The Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p The By-Laws and Corporate Policies of the SCA, Inc. Milpitas, CA: Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. 2020. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ "Library of SCA Documents". Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "Branches | Atlantian History".
- ^ "Gunnbjorn Gunnarsson" (Michael S. Rosecrans). "Households in the SCA". Legio Draconis. Retrieved 2008-12-03.
- ^ "SCA Geography". Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ "SCA Geography - Kingdoms in Order of Founding". Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. Retrieved 2020-02-18.
- ^ Marik syn, Kit. "Northshield History". Northsheild. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
- ^ "East Kingdom Gazette". East Kingdom Gazette. 2015-01-18. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
- ^ "Policies - Google Drive". drive.google.com. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ^ "SCA Newcomer's Portal". SCA Interactive Demo. 2013-05-11. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ^ Atenveldt, Kingdom Of. "Office of the Minister of Arts & Sciences". www.atenveldt.org. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ^ "SCA Newcomer's Portal". SCA Interactive Demo. 2013-05-09. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ^ "Laws of the Kingdom of The West - Section 10". westkingdom.org. Retrieved 2016-10-25.
Section 10
- ^ Atenveldt, Kingdom Of. "Kingdom Waiver Secretary". www.atenveldt.org. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ^ Atenveldt, Kingdom Of. "Office of Youth Activities". www.atenveldt.org. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ^ "Social Media". socsen.sca.org. 2021-01-28. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
- ^ "Closure of the Office of the Chirurgeonate – August 10, 2015 - Society". socsen.sca.org. 2015-07-11. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ "The Standards for Evaluation of Names and Armory: The Rules for Submissions". SCA College of Arms on the Web. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
- ^ "SCA-Personas-art". Stefan's Florilegium. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
- ^ Laurel Sovereign of Arms. "Heraldry". SCA. Retrieved 2009-07-11.
- ^ "SCA College of Arms – Voice Heraldry Articles". SCA College of Arms. Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-14-044218-2. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
- ^ "Society for Creative Anachronism Seizes Control of Russia", The Onion, 1999-05-26.
- ^ "Shire Des Forges". Desforges.meridies.org.
- ^ Cowan, M. E. "A Heinlein Concordance". The Heinlein Society: A Heinlein Concordance. The Heinlein Society. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
- ^ Heinlein, Robert A. The Number of the Beast (New York: Fawcett Columbine Books, 1980), page 505.
- ^ Doctorow, Cory. "Ariel: post-apocalyptic sword-and-sorcery adventure that rocked my world". Boing Boing. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
- ISBN 9780441029204.
- ^ "Peter Beagle, The Folk of the Air (Ballantine Books, 1986)". Greenmanreview.com. Archived from the original on 2011-04-18.
- ^ "The Folk of the Air". Peterbeagle.com.
- ISBN 978-1-101-04391-2.
- ^ ""Honor Among Enemies", Chapter 3". Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ Bounacos, G. "Warlock Civics Teacher". ConsumerHelpWeb: Reviews. ConsumerHelpWeb. Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
- ^ Stasheff, Christopher. Escape Velocity (New York: Ace Books, 1995
- ^ Speer, Cindy Lynn (2004). "Review: There Will Be Dragons". SF Site. Retrieved 2012-09-03.
Further reading
- Cramer, Michael A. (2010). Medieval Fantasy as Performance: The Society for Creative Anachronism and the Current Middle Ages. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8108-6995-0.
- Hanna, R Wesley (2010). The known world handbook (4th ed.). Milpitas, CA: Society for Creative Anachronism. ISBN 9780615361697.
- O'Donnell, Patrick (2004). The Knights next door: everyday people living Middle Ages dreams. iUniverse Inc. OCLC 57352122.
- Burns, C. (Director) and Cardinale, T. (Director). (2001). In Service to the Dream [Motion Picture]. Burbank, CA: Mythos Productions LLC.
- Geist, B. (Interviewer). (2000, May 7). Weekend Warriors. CBS Sunday Morning [Television Program]. New York, NY: CBS Television.
- Erisman, W. E. (1998). Forward into the past: the poetics and politics of community in two historical re-creation groups. University of Texas at Austin, 1998: University Microfilms. )
- Fincher, J. (1981). "They 'Joust' as if Knighthood Were in Flower Today". Smithsonian. 12 (2): 94–104.
External links
- Official website
- Society for Creative Anachronism at Curlie
- The Origins of the SCA
- "Gather Ye Olde Suburban Knights" – slideshow by NPR