Solovetsky Monastery
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|
Солове́цкий монасты́рь | |
Savvatiy | |
Site | |
---|---|
Location | Onega Bay, Solovetsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia |
Coordinates | 65°01′28″N 35°42′38″E / 65.02444°N 35.71056°E |
Public access | Yes |
Criteria | Cultural: iv |
Reference | 632 |
Inscription | 1992 (16th Session) |
The Solovetsky Monastery (
).History
In the 15th and 16th centuries, the monastery extended its commercial activities, becoming an economic and political center of the White Sea region. This included
.By the 17th century, the Solovetsky Monastery had about 350 monks, 600–700
Together with the Sumskoy and Kemsky stockades, the Solovetsky Monastery served as an important frontier fortress with dozens of cannons and a strong garrison. In the 16th to 17th centuries, the monastery succeeded a number of times in repelling the attacks of the Livonian Order and the Swedes (in 1571, 1582 and 1611).[citation needed]
During the Crimean War, the Solovetsky Monastery was attacked by three British ships. After nine hours of shelling on the 6 and 7 July 1854 the vessels left with nothing.
Between the 16th and the early 20th centuries, the monastery was also a place of exile for the opponents of autocracy and official Orthodoxy and a center of Christianization in the north of Russia. The monastery also had a large library of manuscripts and books.
The monastery garden also had some exotic flora, such as the Tibetan wild roses presented to the monks by Agvan Dorzhiev, a Lama.
After the
A small brotherhood of monks has re-established activities in the monastery after the
Layout
The Solovetsky Monastery is located on the shores of the Prosperity Bay (бухта Благополучия) on Solovetsky Island. The monastery is surrounded by massive wall 8 to 11 meters high and 4 to 6 meters thick. The wall incorporates 7 gates and 8 towers (built in 1584–1594 by an architect named Trifon), made mainly of huge boulders up to several tonnes of weight. There are also religious buildings on the monastery's grounds with the principal structures interconnected with roofed and arched passages. They are in turn surrounded by multiple household buildings and living quarters, including a refectory (a 500 m² chamber) with the Uspensky Cathedral (built in 1552–1557), Preobrazhensky Cathedral (1556–1564), Church of Annunciation (1596–1601), stone chambers (1615), watermill (early 17th century), bell tower (1777), and Church of Nicholas (1834).
Appearances in media
In Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War, the monastery appears as a location for a possible final mission.
References
- ^ "Старопоморы-федосеевцы / История / Симеон Денисов князь Мышецкий. "История об отцах и страдальцах Соловецких иже за благочестие и святые церковные законы и предания в настоящее времена великодушно пострадаша"". www.staropomor.ru. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
- ^ Lydia Roberts, review of Intellectual Life and Literature at Solovki 1923–1930; The Paris of the Northern Concentration Camps by Andrea Gullotta (Legenda, 2018) in Los Angeles Review of Books, 3 May 2018.
- ^ "Cultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands". World Heritage List. UNESCO. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
External links
- Solovki museum(in Russian)
- Official site of Solovetsky monastery(in Russian)
- Solovetsky Monastery in the 19th century Photo album at NYPL Digital Gallery
- Foundation of Solovki Monastery
- Miracle of Light: the Solovetsky Transfiguration Monastery
Bibliography
- Brumfield, William. Solovki: Architectural Heritage in Photographs (Moscow: Tri Kvadrata, 2008) OCLC 255613915(in English and in Russian)