Sophronius of Jerusalem
Roman Catholic Church | |
|---|---|
| Feast | 11 March [O.S. 24 March (where the Julian calendar is used)] |
| Attributes | Vested as a bishop, with right hand upheld in blessing, holding a Gospel Book or scroll |
Sophronius (
Umar ibn al-Khattab
.
Travels
Sophronius was born in
Asia Minor, Egypt, and Rome, he accompanied the Byzantine chronicler St. John Moschus, who dedicated to him his celebrated tract on the religious life, Spiritual Meadow (and whose feast day in the Byzantine Rite, 11 March [O.S. 24 March], is shared with Sophronius'[7]). On the death of Moschus in Rome in 619, Sophronius accompanied the body back to Jerusalem for monastic burial. He traveled to Alexandria, Egypt, and to Constantinople in the year 633 to persuade the respective patriarchs to renounce Monoenergism, a heterodox teaching that espoused a single, divine energy in Christ to the exclusion of a human capacity for choice. Except for his synodal letter for the Third Council of Constantinople,[8] Sophronius' extensive writings on this question are all lost.[citation needed
]
Elected Patriarch
Although unsuccessful in his mission to condemn Monoenergism, Sophronius was elected patriarch of Jerusalem in 634. Soon after his enthronement he forwarded his noted synodical letter to Pope Honorius I and to the Eastern patriarchs, explaining the orthodox belief in the two natures, human and divine, of Christ, as opposed to Monoenergism, which he viewed as a subtle form of heretical Monophysitism (which posited a single divine nature for Christ).[9] Moreover, he composed a Florilegium (“Anthology”) of some 600 texts from the Early Church Fathers in favour of the Christian tenet of Dyothelitism (positing both human and divine wills in Christ). This document also is lost.[citation needed]
Teachings
In his
Umari Treaty. The caliph himself came to Jerusalem, and met with the patriarch at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Sophronius invited Umar to pray there, but Umar declined, fearing to endanger the Church's status as a Christian temple.[11] According to the Passion of the 60 Martyrs of Gaza, Sophronius was executed by Amr ibn al-As for baptising Muslim converts in a period of heightened tensions when an earthquake destroyed an early mosque on the Temple Mount.[12]
Beside
Rock of the Cross, the Constantinian Basilica, Mount Sion, the Praetorium, St. Mary at the Probatica, and Gethsemane. The Mount of Olives
, Bethany, and Bethlehem come next in Anacreonticon 19.
Sophronius also wrote down the Life of St. Mary of Egypt, which is read on the fifth Thursday of Lent in the Byzantine Rite.[14]
References
- ISBN 9780191735257
- ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 429.
- ^ "Saint Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem". www.oca.org.
- ^ Hugh Kennedy. The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In. Da Capo Press, Philadelphia, PA: 2007. Page 90. Accessed August 8, 2016.
- ^ Donald E. Wagner. Dying in the Land of Promise: Palestine and Palestinian Christianity from Pentecost to 2000
- ^ Duffy, J.M., 2011. The Homilies of Sophronius of Jerusalem: Issues of Prose Rhythm, Manuscript Evidence and Emendation. Ars Edendi: Lecture Series, 3, p.49.
- ^ [1] "Orthodox Holiness Around the Church Year with St John — John Moschos - March 11", Retrieved 2011-09-13
- ^ "CHURCH FATHERS: Third Council of Constantinople (A.D. 680-681)". www.newadvent.org.
- ^ • (es) Arfuch, Diego E., "Confesar a Cristo, San Sofronio patriarca de Jerusalén y el debate monoenergista en la Epístola Sinodal", dans "Estudios trinitarios", 2014, vol. 48, n. 1.2, p. 161-233; 2a pars , 48, n 3, p. 479-548.
- ^ Averil Cameron and Lawrence Conrad
- ^ Steven Runciman, A History of the Crusades, vol. 1 The First Crusade (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 3-4.
- ^ Woods, David (2003). "The 60 Martyrs of Gaza and the Martyrdom of Bishop Sophronius of Jerusalem". Arab-Byzantine Relations in Early Islamic Times. 15: 129–150. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
- ^ (es) Arfuch, Diego E., « Los poemas anacreónticos para la anunciación y la natividad de San Sofronio de Jerusalén : aspectos literarios y teológicos. », Studia monastica, année: 2014, volume: 56, numéro: 2, p. 221-255 (ISSN 0039-3258)
- ^ [2] "Greek Orthodox Archdiocese Of America — Orthodox Commemoration of the Feast of Saint Mary of Egypt", Retrieved 2011-09-13
Further reading
- D. Woods, 'The 60 Martyrs of Gaza and the Martyrdom of Bishop Sophronius of Jerusalem’, ARAM Periodical 15 (2003), 129–50. Reprinted in M. Bonner (ed.), Arab-Byzantine Relations in Early Islamic Times (Aldershot, 2005), 429–50.
External links
- St Sophronius the Patriarch of Jerusalem Orthodox synaxarion
- References by Sophronius to Islam