Sorna
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| Classification | Double reed |
|---|---|
| Related instruments | |
The sornā or sornāy (
Etymology
The word was most likely borrowed from an unknown
"Sorna", being a cognate of "Horn", can simply mean horn. This is a result of the
-
Modern surna, from Hamadan -
Sorna, Ancient Persian/Iranian woodwind musical instrument
History
The instrument's history dates back to the
The Achaemenid sorna was a large trumpet-like instrument, but in later dates was reduced in size, and became more like (shrill oboe), or dozale (double oboe), which is characterized by a turned wood body of simple shape, with a heavily flared bell. The earlier was categorized as a trumpet, but this was a mistaken idea based on the bell of the oboe and the freeblowing embouchure that often gives a superficial resemblance to a brass embouchure, particularly if the oboe is fitted as so many are with a lip ring.[2]
According to the
Function
A small amount of air is forced under pressure through a small metal tube called the staple which serves to hold the reed and match it to the bore. This requires the player to make sure, as in oboe playing, that one also empties the lungs of stale air when taking a new breath.
Often sornas were played in pairs, with a melody and a drone player. This drone may move to different notes during a piece of music, changing at prescribed places in the composition.
Several other names, such as dohol, davul, tavel, and so on have been applied to the sorna. Since dohol is a double-faced drum sometimes it is called do-rūyeh in Persian language, in contrast to ghaval and daf, which are yek-rūyeh (one-faced).
Popularity
The Sorna is mostly played in
In Loristan, Sorna is used as a main instrument during wedding ceremonies and also funeral ceremonies (which is called Chamaryounah). Sorna almost always is accompanied with dohol in this region.
In Balochistan It mostly performed by forming a circle by a group of people, dancing and clapping. Do-Chapi almost always includes Sorna and Dohol.[5][6] In the region of
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 0-19-713559-5.
- ^ Pope, U., "An Outline History of Persian Music and Musical Theory", in Survey of Persian Art, Vol. VI, pp. 2783–2804.
- ^ Pope, U., "An Outline History of Persian Music and Musical Theory", in Survey of Persian Art, Vol. VI, p. 2784.
- ^ Farmer, H. G., Studies in Oriental Musical Instruments, 2nd ser., London (1926), pp. 69–86.
- ^ "دوچاپی آیینی ماندگار در سیستان و بلوچستان" (in Persian). Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ "The infectious Baloch dance". 17 March 2019. Archived from the original on 2022-03-21.