South American coati
South American coati | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Carnivora |
Family: | Procyonidae |
Genus: | Nasua |
Species: | N. nasua[1]
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Binomial name | |
Nasua nasua[1] (Linnaeus, 1766)
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Subspecies | |
13, see text | |
South American coati range. Note: Also found in west Ecuador, and west and north Colombia, see text. | |
Synonyms | |
Viverra nasua Linnaeus, 1766 |
The South American coati (Nasua nasua), also known as the ring-tailed coati, is a coati species and a member of the raccoon family (Procyonidae), found in the tropical and subtropical parts of South America.[4] An adult generally weighs from 2–7.2 kg (4.4–15.9 lb) and is 85–113 cm (33–44 in) long, with half of that being its tail.[5] Its color is highly variable and the rings on the tail may be only somewhat visible, but its most distinguishing characteristic is that it lacks the largely white snout (or "nose") of its northern relative, the white-nosed coati.[5]
Distribution and habitat
The South American coati is widespread in tropical and subtropical South America. It occurs in the lowland forests east of the Andes as high as 2,500 m (8,200 ft) from Colombia and The Guianas south to Uruguay and northern Argentina.[3] Nasua nasua occupancy is significantly and negatively related to elevation but positively related to forest cover.
It has been recorded in west Ecuador, and north and west Colombia.[6][7] In Argentina, it has been recorded in Santa Fe and Salta Provinces.[8]
The only documented records of
It has been introduced and naturalized on the island of Mallorca, where it is considered an invasive species.[10][11]
Invasiveness
In Europe, this species has been included since 2016 in the list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern (the Union list).[12] This implies that this species cannot be imported, bred, transported, commercialized, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the European Union.[13]
Behavior
South American coatis are
Females typically live in large groups, called bands, consisting of 15 to 30 animals. Males are usually solitary.[14] Solitary males were originally considered a separate species due to their different social habits and were called "coatimundis", a term still sometimes used today. Neither bands of females nor solitary males defend a unique territory, and territories therefore overlap.[15]
Group members can produce soft whining sounds, but alarm calls are different, consisting of loud woofs and clicks. Coatis typically sleep in the trees. When an alarm call is sounded, they climb trees, and then drop down to the ground and disperse.[14] Predators of the South American coati include foxes, jaguars, jaguarundis, and occasionally humans.[16]
The South American coati was found to be a host of an intestinal
Reproduction
All females in a group come into
Taxonomy
Viverra nasua was the
- N. n. nasua (Linnaeus, 1766)
- N. n. spadicea Olfers, 1818
- N. n. solitaria Schinz, 1823
- N. n. vittata Tschudi, 1844
- N. n. montana Tschudi, 1844
- N. n. dorsalis Gray, 1866
- N. n. molaris Merriam, 1902
- N. n. manium Thomas, 1912
- N. n. candace Thomas, 1912
- N. n. quichua Thomas, 1912
- N. n. cinerascens Lönnberg, 1921
- N. n. aricana Vieira, 1945y
- N. n. boliviensis Cabrera, 1956
References
- ^ OCLC 62265494.
- ^ "Carneiro Cave (Pleistocene of Brazil)". PBDB.org.
- ^ . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ JSTOR 3504444.
- ^ ISBN 978-84-96553-49-1
- ^ a b Decker, D. M. (1991). "Systematics of the Coatis, Genus Nasua (Mammalia, Procyonidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 104: 370–386. Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Guzman-Lenis, A. R. (2004). "Preliminary Review of the Procyonidae in Colombia" (PDF). Acta Biológica Colombiana. 9 (1): 69–76. Archived 2014-04-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 9780226195421.
- ^ Helgen, K. M.; Kays, R.; Helgen, L. E.; Tsuchiya-Jerep, M. T. N.; Pinto, C. M.; Koepfli, K. P.; Eizirik, E.; Maldonado, J. E. (2009). "Taxonomic boundaries and geographic distributions revealed by an integrative systematic overview of the mountain coatis, Nasuella (Carnivora: Procyonidae)" (PDF). Small Carnivore Conservation (41): 65–74.
- ^ "Intrusos exóticos". El País. 2015.
- ^ Irwin, Aisling (2016). "African ibis and South American coati among 37 on EU's kill list".
- ^ "List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern - Environment - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ^ "REGULATION (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European parliament and of the council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species".
- ^ ISBN 978-0-226-20721-6.
- ^ "BBC Ring-tailed Coati". Archived from the original on 2009-01-14. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
- ^ "Southern Coati". Archived from the original on 2008-07-09. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
- PMID 31286360.
- ^ Hirsch, Ben T., and Jesus E. Maldonado. "Familiarity breeds progeny: sociality increases reproductive success in adult male ring‐tailed coatis (Nasua nasua)." Molecular Ecology 20.2 (2011): 409-419.
- ^ Linné, C. (1766). "Viverra nasua". Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 1 (12 ed.). Holmiae: L. Salvii.