Southern Peninsular Malaysian Hokkien

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Southern Malaysia Hokkien
南马福建话
Lâm-Má Hok-kiàn-oē (POJ)
Native toSouthern Malaysia
RegionJohor and Malacca
Early forms
Dialects
  • Melaka Eng Choon (Yongchun) Hokkien
Language codes
Bân-lâm is proposed[4]) which encompasses a variety of Hokkien dialects including "in Malaysia, most notably in and around Kuching, Muar, Klang".[5]
GlottologNone
Linguasphere79-AAA-jek
Segamat, Johor
.

Southern Malaysian Hokkien (

Pontian and Johor Bahru). Due to geographical proximity, it is heavily influenced by Singaporean Hokkien
.

This dialect is based on Quanzhou-accented varieties of Min Nan, including the Eng Choon (Yongchun) dialect.[6][7] It is markedly distinct from Penang Hokkien and Medan Hokkien, which are based on the Zhangzhou dialects.

Similar to the situation in Singapore, the term

Min Nan Chinese (闽南语). Southern Malaysian Hokkien is based on the Quanzhou dialects with some influence from the Amoy dialect
. The dialect also contains loan words from Malay.

Phonology

This section is based on Eng Choon (Yongchun) Hokkien spoken in

Melaka.[8][9]

Vowels

There are eight phonemic vowels:[7]

  Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Close-mid e   o
Mid   ə̠  
Open-mid     ɔ
Open a    

Tones

There are seven tones, five of which are long tones and two are checked tones.[6] Like other varieties of Hokkien, these tones also undergo tone sandhi in non-final positions.[6] The tone values (both base tones and sandhi tones) of the long tones are shown below:[10]

Tone number Final/base tone Non-final/sandhi tone
1 ˧ (33) ˧ (33)
2 ˨˧ (23) ˨˩ (21)
3 ˥˨ (52) ˧˦ (34)
5 ˨˩ (21) ˥˧ (53)
6 ˨˩ (21) ˨˩ (21)

Influences from other languages

Southern Malaysian Hokkien is also subjected to influence from various languages or dialects spoken in Malaysia. This is influenced to a certain degree by the

Pontian and Johor Bahru).[citation needed
]

There are some

loanwords from English.[citation needed
]

Notes

  1. ^ Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.[1][2][3]

References

  1. JSTOR 2718766
  2. ISBN 978-0-7748-0192-8
  3. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived
    from the original on 2023-10-13. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
  4. ^ "Change Request Documentation: 2021-045". 31 August 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
  5. ^ "Reclassifying ISO 639-3 [nan]" (PDF). GitHub. 31 August 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Chang & Hsieh 2012, p. 38.
  7. ^ a b Huang, Chang & Hsieh 2011, p. 914.
  8. ^ Huang, Chang & Hsieh 2011.
  9. ^ Chang & Hsieh 2012.
  10. ^ Chang & Hsieh 2012, p. 43.
  11. ^ Tan 2001, p. 218.

Sources

See also
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