Southern Russian dialects
Southern Russian is one of the main groups of Russian dialects.
Territory
- The territory of the primary formation (i.e. that consists of "Old" Russia of the 16th century before Eastern conquests by
- The territory of the second formation (i.e. where Russians settled after the 16th century) consists of most of the land of lower .
Phonology
- Unstressed /o/ undergoes different degrees of vowel reduction mainly to [a] (strong akanye), less often to [ɐ], [ə], [ɨ].
- Unstressed /o/, /e/, /a/ following
- Fricative /ɣ/ instead of the Standard and Northern /ɡ/.[1] Soft /ɣʲ/ is usually [j~ʝ].
- Semivowel /w~u̯/ in the place of the Standard and Northern /v/ and final /l/.[1]
- /x~xv~xw/ where the Standard and Northern have /f/.[1]
- Prosthetic /w~u̯/ before /u/ and stressed /o/: во́кна, ву́лица, Standard Russian окна, улица "windows, street".
- Prosthetic /j/ before /i/ and /e/: етот, ентот, Standard Russian этот "this".
- In affricateexists. Merging of Standard Russian /t͡ʃ/ and /t͡s/ into one consonant whether /t͡s/ or /t͡ɕ/.
Morphology
- Palatalized final /tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs (this is unpalatalized in the Standard and Northern dialects):[1][3] он ходить, они ходять "he goes, they go"
- Occasional dropping of the 3rd person ending /tʲ/ at all: он ходи, они ходя "he goes, they go"
- Oblique case forms of personal pronouns мяне́, табе́, сабе́ instead of Standard Russian мне, тебе, себе "me, you, -self".
Relation to other languages
Some of these features such as akanye/yakanye, a debuccalized or lenited /ɡ/, a semivowel /w~u̯/, and palatalized final /tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs are also present in modern Belarusian and some dialects of Ukrainian (Eastern Polesian), indicating a linguistic continuum.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Sussex & Cubberley 2006, pp. 521–526.
- ^ "The Language of the Russian Village" (in Russian). Retrieved 2011-11-10.
- ^ "The Language of the Russian Village" (in Russian). Retrieved 2011-11-10.
Bibliography
- Crosswhite, Katherine Margaret (2000), "Vowel Reduction in Russian: A Unified Account of Standard, Dialectal, and 'Dissimilative' Patterns" (PDF), University of Rochester Working Papers in the Language Sciences, 1 (1): 107–172, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-06
- Shevelov, George Y. (1977), "On the Chronology of h and the New g in Ukrainian" (PDF), in Harvard Ukrainian Studies, vol. 1, Cambridge: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, pp. 137–152, archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-03
- ISBN 978-0-521-22315-7.
External links
- М.О. Garder, N.S. Petrova, А.B. Moroz, А.B. Panova, N.R. Dobrushina. Corpus of Spiridonova Buda dialect. 2018. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, HSE.
- A.V. Ter-Avanesova, F.A. Balabin, S.V. Dyachenko, A.V. Malysheva, V.A. Morozova. Corpus of the Malinino dialect. 2019. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, NRU HSE. URL; Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
- A.V. Ter-Avanesova, S.V. Dyachenko, E.V. Kolesnikova, A.V. Malysheva, D.I. Ignatenko, A.B. Panova, N.R. Dobrushina. Corpus of Rogovatka dialect. 2018. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, NRU HSE.