Sovkhoz

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It is usually contrasted with kolkhoz, which is a collective-owned farm. Just as the members of a kolkhoz were called "kolkhozniks" or "kolkhozniki" (колхозники), the workers of a sovkhoz were called "sovkhozniki" (совхозники).

History

Soviet state farms started to be created in 1918^[2] as an ideological example of "socialist agriculture of the highest order".

In 1990, the Soviet Union had 23,500 sovkhozy, or 45% of the total number of large-scale collective and state farms. The average size of a sovkhoz was 15,300 hectares (153 km²), nearly three times the average kolkhoz (5,900 hectares or 59 km² in 1990).^[3] Sovkhoz farms were more dominant in the Central Asian part of the Soviet Union.

During the transition era of the 1990s, many state farms were reorganized using

In other countries

• Angola
• China
• Czechoslovakia (státní statek)
• East Germany (Volkseigenes Gut)
• Ethiopia
• Mongolia
• Mozambique^[4]
• Poland (państwowe gospodarstwo rolne, PGR)

See also

• Collectivization in the Soviet Union

Notes

References

Sources

• Smith, Whitney L.;
  ISBN 9780199354078
  .