Gudok: Difference between revisions
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The '''gudok''' ({{IPA-ru|gʊˈdok}}, {{lang-ru|гудок}}), '''gudochek''' ({{IPA-ru|gʊˈdot͡ɕɪk}}, {{lang-ru|гудочек}}) is an ancient [[East Slavic peoples|Eastern Slavic]] [[string instruments|string]] [[musical instrument]], played with a [[bow (music)|bow]].<ref> |
The '''gudok''' ({{IPA-ru|gʊˈdok}}, {{lang-ru|гудок}}), '''gudochek''' ({{IPA-ru|gʊˈdot͡ɕɪk}}, {{lang-ru|гудочек}}) is an ancient [[East Slavic peoples|Eastern Slavic]] [[string instruments|string]] [[musical instrument]], played with a [[bow (music)|bow]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Гудок|url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article016503.html|access-date=2023-02-17|website=bse.sci-lib.com}}</ref> |
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[[File:Novgorod lyra.jpg|thumb|left| A 12th century gudok or [[rebec]], found in Novgorod.]] |
[[File:Novgorod lyra.jpg|thumb|left| A 12th century gudok or [[rebec]], found in Novgorod.]] |
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Revision as of 13:03, 17 February 2023
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2021) |
 Impression of the ancient Russian Gudok | |
| String instrument | |
|---|---|
| Hornbostel–Sachs classification | (Bowl lyre sounded by a bow) |
| Related instruments | |
| |
The gudok (Russian pronunciation:
A gudok usually had three strings, two of them tuned in
sympathetic strings (up to eight) under the sounding board
. These made the gudok's sound warm and rich.
The player held the gudok on his lap, like a
viola da gamba. It was also possible to play the gudok while standing and even while dancing, which made it popular among skomorokhs. Initially in the 12th century (and probably before), the gudok did not have a neck for pressing strings. This suggests that it was played by stopping the strings from the side with fingernails (similarly to the Byzantine lyra), rather than pressing strings onto the instrument's neck. Later in the 14th century some modifications of the gudok had a real neck
for pressing strings.
Russian gudok ceased to exist as a folk instrument for several centuries. All present instruments are replicas, based on several parts of gudoks found in the
Novgorod
excavations.
There have been several attempts to revive the gudok in music. Borodin's opera Prince Igor, contains a "Gudok Player's Song", which is an artistic reconstruction of how the gudok may have sounded.
See also
References
- Humeniuk, A. - Ukrainski narodni muzychni instrumenty - Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 1967
- Mizynec, V. - Ukrainian Folk Instruments - Melbourne: Bayda books, 1984
- Cherkaskyi, L. - Ukrainski narodni muzychni instrumenty // Tekhnika, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2003 - 262 pages. ISBN 966-575-111-5
- Povetkin, V. I. - "Musical instruments" // Wood Use in Medieval Novgorod. Edited by Mark Brisbane and Jon Hather. Oxbow Books and the authors, 2007. р. 360-381: illustrated.
- N.G. Gerasimova, M.I. Kolosova, K.M. Plotkin, V.I. Povetkin. - "Thirteenth century fiddles from excavations in Pskov. Their investigation, stabilization and reconstruction" // Proceedings of the 4-th IGOM Group on Wet Organic Archaeological Materials Conference. Bremerhaven, 1990. Edited by Per Hoffmann Deutsches Schiffahrtsmuseum. P. 267-279: il.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gudok.
