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The '''Société Anonyme de Véhicules Industriels et d'Equipements Mécaniques''' ({{IPA-fr|sɔsjete də vɛikyl ɛ̃dystʁijɛl e dəkipəmɑ̃ mekanik}}), commonly known by the akronym '''Saviem''' ({{IPA-fr|savjɛ̃}}), was a French manufacturer of [[truck]]s and [[bus|buses/coach]]es part of the [[Renault]] group, headquartered in Suresnes. The company was established in 1955 by merging Renault heavy vehicle operations with [[Somua]] and [[Latil]] and disappeared in 1978 when was merged with former rival [[Berliet]] to form [[Renault Trucks|Renault Véhicules Industriels]].
The '''Société Anonyme de Véhicules Industriels et d'Equipements Mécaniques''' ({{IPA-fr|sɔsjete də vɛikyl ɛ̃dystʁijɛl e dəkipəmɑ̃ mekanik}}), commonly known by the acronym '''Saviem''' ({{IPA-fr|savjɛ̃}}), was a French manufacturer of [[truck]]s and [[bus|buses/coach]]es part of the [[Renault]] group, headquartered in Suresnes. The company was established in 1955 by merging Renault heavy vehicle operations with [[Somua]] and [[Latil]] and disappeared in 1978 when was merged with former rival [[Berliet]] to form [[Renault Trucks|Renault Véhicules Industriels]].


==History==
==History==
Line 48: Line 48:


===Merger with Berliet===
===Merger with Berliet===
As a result of companies' reorganisation and a French State decision of unifying the heavy vehicle production in France, in 1975 Renault also acquired the truck and bus manufacturer [[Berliet]] from the [[Michelin]] group. In 1978, Berliet and Saviem were merged to form [[Renault Véhicules Industriels]] (RVI).<ref name=DTI/><ref name=FSPP/> Again, the old marque names were retained for two more years while the model lineups gradually were assimilated, until in 1980 they were replaced by the name Renault and the Saviem name disappeared.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}} In 1977, its last year as a separate company within Renault, Saviem manufactured 35,059 buses/coaches and trucks.<ref name=DTI/>
As a result of companies' reorganisation and a French State decision of unifying the heavy vehicle production in France, in 1975 Renault also acquired the truck and bus manufacturer [[Berliet]] from the [[Michelin]] group. In 1978, Berliet and Saviem were merged to form [[Renault Véhicules Industriels]] (RVI).<ref name=DTI/><ref name=FSPP/> Again, the old marque names were retained for two more years while the model lineups gradually were assimilated, and in April 1980 they were replaced by the name Renault, putting an end to the Saviem badging.<ref>{{cite journal |date=May 2014 |url=http://www.jetransporte.com/upload_files/file/Charge%20utile%20N%C2%B01.pdf |last=Lancereau |first=Alain |title=Les transports Mousset |trans_title=Mousset Transport |language=French |issue=85 |journal=Charge Utile |publisher=Histoire et Collection |location=Paris |issn=1240-2346 |accessdate=6 March 2015 |format=PDF |page=50 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150306165244/http://www.jetransporte.com/upload_files/file/Charge%20utile%20N%C2%B01.pdf |archivedate=6 March 2015 |deadurl=no}}</ref> In 1977, its last year as a separate company within Renault, Saviem manufactured 35,059 buses/coaches and trucks.<ref name=DTI/>


==Facilities==
==Facilities==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.busexplorer.com/WorldBus/Renault-Text.html History of Saviem, Berliet and Renault buses]
* [http://www.busexplorer.com/WorldBus/Renault-Text.html History of Saviem, Berliet and Renault buses]
* [http://www.saviem.fr Saviem 4x4 Trucks] {{Dead link|date=February 2015}}
* [http://www.avant-train-latil.com/ French Latil-Website]


{{Saviem}}
{{Saviem}}

Revision as of 16:59, 6 March 2015

Saviem
Régie Nationale des Usines Renault

The Société Anonyme de Véhicules Industriels et d'Equipements Mécaniques (French pronunciation: [sɔsjete də vɛikyl ɛ̃dystʁijɛl e dəkipəmɑ̃ mekanik]), commonly known by the acronym Saviem (French pronunciation: [savjɛ̃]), was a French manufacturer of trucks and buses/coaches part of the Renault group, headquartered in Suresnes. The company was established in 1955 by merging Renault heavy vehicle operations with Somua and Latil and disappeared in 1978 when was merged with former rival Berliet to form Renault Véhicules Industriels.

History

A Saviem SG2

Early years

At the end of 1946, Renault abandoned the production of heavy trucks in view of its financial troubles, and the company lost the position of France's market leader which it had before World War II. However, the rapid development and production concentration on that sector made Renault to seek ways to enter into the market. In 1950, the Renault's technical chief, Fernand Picard, elaborated a plan to launch a limited range of trucks and buses with a single 105 CV engine, taking advantage of the economies of scale, which proved unsuccessful. In 1953, the strategy was changed and Renault decided to acquire rival manufacturers, starting with Somua and Latil.[5] The company Saviem was formed in October 1955 by the merger of Renault's trucks and buses manufacturing operations with Somua and Latil[1] and both Schneider (owner of Somua) and the Blum family (owner of Latil) had stakes in the new company.[5] Initially, the Saviem name was added besides the existing badges of the three forming companies but, from 1957 onwards, Saviem-LRS appeared as marque's name on the company's products (the acronym representing the former marques Latil, Renault and Somua), which was simplified to Saviem in 1960.[6] In 1959, Saviem became a whole-owned subsidiary of Renault. The early range of the company consisted of small commercial vehicles derived of Renault's existing models (Goélette and Galion), new medium and heavy trucks with Alfa Romeo engines[5] and Chausson support for the coach/bus production.[7] With an aggressive market approach focussed in volume rather than quality, Saviem became the leader by sales in France.[5]

New vehicles and partnerships

During the early 1960s the company introduced a renovated JL heavy and medium duty trucks range with a revised design,

Caterpillar.[12]

From 1963 to 1977, Saviem cooperated with MAN of Germany (in 1967 the cooperation was expanded). As part of the agreement Saviem supplied cabs and in return MAN supplied axles and engines. The result of this was the launch of the SM (Saviem-MAN)[13] and JM[8] truck ranges in France. Renault also introduced the Super Galion, in partnership with Avia.[5] In 1975 Saviem, together with DAF, Volvo and Magirus-Deutz (soon after to become a part of Iveco) became co-founder of the Club of Four cooperation to produce medium-sized trucks.[1] The same year Saviem also acquired Sinpar[14] and completed, together with Fiat and Alfa Romeo, the construction of a joint production facility for engines (Sofim) in Foggia, Italy, at a cost of US$250 million.[15]

In January 1968, the main Saviem factory at Blainville-sur-Orne was the setting for one of the first workers' protests that led to the

French May.[16]

Merger with Berliet

As a result of companies' reorganisation and a French State decision of unifying the heavy vehicle production in France, in 1975 Renault also acquired the truck and bus manufacturer

Renault Véhicules Industriels (RVI).[3][5] Again, the old marque names were retained for two more years while the model lineups gradually were assimilated, and in April 1980 they were replaced by the name Renault, putting an end to the Saviem badging.[17] In 1977, its last year as a separate company within Renault, Saviem manufactured 35,059 buses/coaches and trucks.[3]

Facilities

As of 2015, the Limoges factory is owned by Volvo's Renault Trucks

Vénissieux and Saint-Ouen

Vénissieux[5] and Saint-Ouen[18] were Somua factories. Vénissieux continued producing trucks until 1962.[5] Saint-Ouen assembled engines[18] until that activity was completely transferred to Limoges in 1964[19] and later auto parts.

Suresnes and Saint-Cloud

Suresnes and Saint-Cloud were Latil factories.[5] Suresnes slowly ceased production but was kept as the head office and research and development base for the company.[19]

Argenteuil

The Argenteuil factory was a former Chausson bus/coach facility operated by Saviem since 1960. It produced parts for both Saviem and Chausson.[5]

Annonay

The coach/bus factory since 1961, originally part of Floirat and Isobloc.[9]

Blainville

Built in 1956 on the former Cahen shipyards, Blainville was the only truck factory owned by Saviem from 1966 onwards.[5]

Limoges

In May 1964, the French government donated to Saviem the Limoges factory, a manufacturing facility for aircraft engine parts. Limoges became the main engine assembly location of the company.[19]

Lyon

Saviem-owned Richard-Continental had two factories in Lyon.[12]

Models

Trucks

A Saviem TP3

Buses/coaches

ZR 20
  • ZR 20
  • SC10
  • S45
  • S53
  • S105
  • E7 coach

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 1-843-09689-7
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 0-7099-1611-6
    .
  3. ^
    OCLC 9384438. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help
    )
  4. ISSN 2101-0226. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-90-5201-045-8
    .
  6. ^
    ISBN 0-853-61114-9
    .
  7. ISBN 2-600-00317-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  8. ^
    ISBN 2-726-8-8197-1. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  9. ^
    OCLC 7752994. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  10. ISSN 0097-3041
    .
  11. ISSN 0010-3063
    .
  12. ^
    ISBN 978-2-600-01259-1
    .
  13. ISBN 978-1-845844-15-8
    .
  14. ISSN 1861-1036. Retrieved 5 March 2015. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  15. ISSN 1773-0198. Retrieved 3 August 2014. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  16. ^ Hirou, Amandine (22 May 2008). "1968, année explosive". lexpress.fr (in French). L'Express. Retrieved 21 June 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  17. ISSN 1240-2346. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  18. ^
    ISSN 0035-113X. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )
  19. ^
    ISBN 2-84516-052-6. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help
    )

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saviem&oldid=650167048"