William Sharp (writer): Difference between revisions

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* {{Librivox author |id=8229}}
* {{Librivox author |id=8229}}
* [http://www.rjstewart.net/other-authors.htm "The Little Book of the Great Enchantment" Biography of William Sharp by Steve Blamires (RJ Stewart Publications 2008)]
* [http://www.rjstewart.net/other-authors.htm "The Little Book of the Great Enchantment" Biography of William Sharp by Steve Blamires (RJ Stewart Publications 2008)]
* [http://www.sundown.pair.com/Sharp/WSVol_1/title.htm Sharp's poems online, volume 1], [http://www.sundown.pair.com/Sharp/WSVol_2/title.htm volume 2], [http://www.sundown.pair.com/Sharp/WSVol_3/title.htm volume 3]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041013233731/http://www.sundown.pair.com/Sharp/WSVol_1/title.htm Sharp's poems online, volume 1], [http://www.sundown.pair.com/Sharp/WSVol_2/title.htm volume 2]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [https://web.archive.org/web/20041030145408/http://www.sundown.pair.com/Sharp/WSVol_3/title.htm volume 3]
* [http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf3z09n6vp/ Guide to the William Sharp Papers] at [[The Bancroft Library]]
* [http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf3z09n6vp/ Guide to the William Sharp Papers] at [[The Bancroft Library]]
* [http://www.ies.sas.ac.uk/research/current-projects/william-sharp-fiona-macleod-archive The William Sharp "Fiona Macleod" Archive containing the Letters of William Sharp "Fiona Macleod" Edited by William F. Halloran, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Sponsored by the Institute of English Studies. University of London]
* [http://www.ies.sas.ac.uk/research/current-projects/william-sharp-fiona-macleod-archive The William Sharp "Fiona Macleod" Archive containing the Letters of William Sharp "Fiona Macleod" Edited by William F. Halloran, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Sponsored by the Institute of English Studies. University of London]

Revision as of 00:42, 21 December 2017

William Sharp photographed in 1894 by Frederick Hollyer.

William Sharp (12 September 1855 – 12 December 1905) was a Scottish writer, of poetry and literary biography in particular, who from 1893 wrote also as Fiona Macleod, a pseudonym kept almost secret during his lifetime.[1] He was also an editor of the poetry of Ossian, Walter Scott, Matthew Arnold, Algernon Charles Swinburne and Eugene Lee-Hamilton.

Biography

Sharp was born in

typhoid
. During 1874–5 he worked in a Glasgow law office. His health broke down in 1876 and he was sent on a voyage to Australia. In 1878 he took a position in a bank in London.

He was introduced to Dante Gabriel Rossetti by Sir Noel Paton, and joined the Rossetti literary group; which included Hall Caine, Philip Bourke Marston and Swinburne. He married his cousin Elizabeth in 1884, and devoted himself to writing full-time from 1891, travelling widely.

Also about this time, he developed an intensely romantic but perhaps asexual attachment to Edith Wingate Rinder, another writer of the consciously Celtic Edinburgh circle surrounding Patrick Geddes and "The Evergreen". It was to Rinder ("EWR") he attributed the inspiration for his writings as Fiona Macleod thereafter, and to whom he dedicated his first Macleod novel ("Pharais") in 1894. Sharp had a complex and ambivalent relationship with W. B. Yeats during the 1890s, as a central tension in the Celtic Revival. Yeats initially found Macleod acceptable and Sharp not, and later fathomed their identity. Sharp found the dual personality an increasing strain.

On occasions when it was necessary for "Fiona Macleod" to write to someone unaware of the dual identity, Sharp would dictate the text to his sister (Mary Beatrice Sharp), whose handwriting would then be passed off as Fiona's manuscript. During his Macleod period, Sharp was a member of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn.

He died (and is buried) at

. In 1910, Elizabeth Sharp published a biographical memoir attempting to explain the creative necessity behind the deception, and edited a complete edition of his works.

Works

Popular culture

In Disney's 2017 movie production of Beauty and the Beast, the character of Belle, played by Emma Watson, recites to the Beast character several lines of Sharp's poem, A Crystal Forest, "Each branch, each twig, each blade of grass, / Seems clad miraculously with glass".

References

  1. ^ Sharp's Death Solves Literary Mystery, NY Times, 15 December 1905
  • "William Sharp (Fiona Macleod): A Memoir" (1910, 1912) Elizabeth A. Sharp
  • William Sharp: "Fiona Macleod", 1855–1905 (1970) Flavia Alaya
  • The Sexual Tensions of William Sharp: A Study of the Birth of Fiona Macleod, Incorporating Two Lost Works, 'Ariadne in Naxos' and 'Beatrice'" (1996) Terry L. Meyers (Sharp's sexual orientation is a question still to be resolved, but some evidence in William Halloran's edition of Sharp's letters [see below] may corroborate the suggestions by Meyers that the creation of Fiona Macleod in some sense reflected a crisis in Sharp's sexual identity).
  • In Library of World's Best Literature Ancient and Modern, Thirty Volumes, Edited by Charles Dudley Warner, R. S. Peale and J. A. Hill, publishers, 1897. In Volume 6 is a section (pp. 3403–3450), devoted to Celtic literature, written by William Sharp and Ernest Rhys.

External links