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'''eBird''' is an online [[database]] of [[bird]] observations providing [[scientists]], researchers and amateur naturalists with real-time data about [[Bird atlas|bird distribution and abundance]]. Originally restricted to sightings from the [[Western Hemisphere]], it was widened to include [[New Zealand]] in 2008,<ref>{{cite web|last=eBird New Zealand|title=About eBird|url=http://ebird.org/content/newzealand/about|publisher=[[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]]|accessdate=5 June 2010|year=2008}}</ref> and was widened to cover the whole world in June 2010.<ref>{{cite web|last=eBird|title=Global eBird almost there! -- 3 June update |
'''eBird''' is an online [[database]] of [[bird]] observations providing [[scientists]], researchers and amateur naturalists with real-time data about [[Bird atlas|bird distribution and abundance]]. Originally restricted to sightings from the [[Western Hemisphere]], it was widened to include [[New Zealand]] in 2008,<ref>{{cite web|last=eBird New Zealand|title=About eBird|url=http://ebird.org/content/newzealand/about|publisher=[[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]]|accessdate=5 June 2010|year=2008}}</ref> and was widened to cover the whole world in June 2010.<ref>{{cite web|last=eBird|title=Global eBird almost there! -- 3 June update|url=http://ebird.org/content/ebird/news/global-ebird-underway-27-may-update|publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology|accessdate=5 June 2010|year=2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603231152/http://ebird.org/content/ebird/news/global-ebird-underway-27-may-update|archivedate=3 June 2010|df=}}</ref> eBird has been described as an ambitious example of enlisting [[amateurs]] to gather data on [[biodiversity]] for use in science.<ref>[http://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Oct-03/levincragin.html "The Role of Information Science in Gathering Biodiversity and Neuroscience Data"], Geoffrey A. Levin and Melissa H. Cragin, ''[[American Society for Information Science and Technology|ASIST]] Bulletin'', Vol. 30, No. 1, Oct. 2003</ref> |
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eBird is an example of [[crowdsourcing]],<ref>nytcrowdsource {{cite web|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/20/science/earth/crowdsourcing-for-the-birds.html?_r=0|title= Crowdsourcing, for the Birds |last= Robbins|first= Jim|date= 19 Aug 2013 |publisher= New York Times |accessdate= 11 Dec 2013}}</ref> and has been hailed as an example of [[democratizing science]], treating [[Citizen science|citizens as scientists]], allowing the public to access and use their own data and the collective data generated by others.<ref>[http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss2/resp1/ "Science Explicitly for Nonscientists"], Caren B. Cooper, Janis L. Dickinson, Tina Phillips, Rick Bonney, ''[[Ecology and Society]]'', Vol. 13, No. 2, r1, 2008</ref> |
eBird is an example of [[crowdsourcing]],<ref>nytcrowdsource {{cite web|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/20/science/earth/crowdsourcing-for-the-birds.html?_r=0|title= Crowdsourcing, for the Birds |last= Robbins|first= Jim|date= 19 Aug 2013 |publisher= New York Times |accessdate= 11 Dec 2013}}</ref> and has been hailed as an example of [[democratizing science]], treating [[Citizen science|citizens as scientists]], allowing the public to access and use their own data and the collective data generated by others.<ref>[http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol13/iss2/resp1/ "Science Explicitly for Nonscientists"], Caren B. Cooper, Janis L. Dickinson, Tina Phillips, Rick Bonney, ''[[Ecology and Society]]'', Vol. 13, No. 2, r1, 2008</ref> |
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eBird documents the presence or absence of species, as well as bird abundance through checklist data. A web interface allows participants to submit their observations or view results via interactive queries of the database. Internet tools maintain personal bird records and enable users to visualize data with interactive maps, graphs, and bar charts. All these features are available in English, Spanish, French, German, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Traditional Chinese, Turkish, Russian, and Norwegian Bokmål. |
eBird documents the presence or absence of species, as well as bird abundance through checklist data. A web interface allows participants to submit their observations or view results via interactive queries of the database. Internet tools maintain personal bird records and enable users to visualize data with interactive maps, graphs, and bar charts. All these features are available in English, Spanish, French, German, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Traditional Chinese, Turkish, Russian, and Norwegian Bokmål. |
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It is a free service. Data are stored in a secure facility and archived daily, and is accessible to anyone via the eBird web site and other applications developed by the global [[biodiversity information]] community. For example, eBird data are part of the [[Avian Knowledge Network]] (AKN)[http://www.avianknowledge.net/content], which integrates observational data on bird populations across the western hemisphere and is a data source for the digital ornithological reference [[Birds of North America]]. In turn, the AKN feeds eBird data to international biodiversity data systems, such as the [[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]. |
It is a free service. Data are stored in a secure facility and archived daily, and is accessible to anyone via the eBird web site and other applications developed by the global [[biodiversity information]] community. For example, eBird data are part of the [[Avian Knowledge Network]] (AKN)[https://archive.is/20130221075928/http://www.avianknowledge.net/content], which integrates observational data on bird populations across the western hemisphere and is a data source for the digital ornithological reference [[Birds of North America]]. In turn, the AKN feeds eBird data to international biodiversity data systems, such as the [[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]. |
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===Electronic kiosks=== |
===Electronic kiosks=== |
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Revision as of 06:55, 26 January 2018
Norwegian Bokmål | |
| Created by | Cornell Lab of Ornithology |
|---|---|
| URL | eBird |
eBird is an online
amateurs to gather data on biodiversity for use in science.[3]
eBird is an example of
democratizing science, treating citizens as scientists, allowing the public to access and use their own data and the collective data generated by others.[5]
History and purpose
Launched in 2002 by the
National Audubon Society, eBird gathers basic data on bird abundance and distribution at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. It was mainly inspired by the ÉPOQ database, created by Jacques Larivée in 1975. As of November 2016, over 330,000 unique users have submitted over 26 million checklists, more than 366 million observations, and data for over 10,300 species to the program.[6][7]
eBird’s goal is to maximize the utility and accessibility of the vast numbers of bird observations made each year by recreational and professional
bird watchers
. The observations of each participant join those of others in an international network. The data are then available via internet queries in a variety of formats.
Features
eBird documents the presence or absence of species, as well as bird abundance through checklist data. A web interface allows participants to submit their observations or view results via interactive queries of the database. Internet tools maintain personal bird records and enable users to visualize data with interactive maps, graphs, and bar charts. All these features are available in English, Spanish, French, German, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Traditional Chinese, Turkish, Russian, and Norwegian Bokmål.
It is a free service. Data are stored in a secure facility and archived daily, and is accessible to anyone via the eBird web site and other applications developed by the global
Birds of North America. In turn, the AKN feeds eBird data to international biodiversity data systems, such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility
.
Electronic kiosks
In addition to accepting records submitted from users' personal computers and mobile devices, eBird has placed
Notes
- ^ eBird New Zealand (2008). "About eBird". Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
- ^ eBird (2010). "Global eBird almost there! -- 3 June update". Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ASISTBulletin, Vol. 30, No. 1, Oct. 2003
- ^ nytcrowdsource Robbins, Jim (19 Aug 2013). "Crowdsourcing, for the Birds". New York Times. Retrieved 11 Dec 2013.
- ^ "Science Explicitly for Nonscientists", Caren B. Cooper, Janis L. Dickinson, Tina Phillips, Rick Bonney, Ecology and Society, Vol. 13, No. 2, r1, 2008
- ^ http://help.ebird.org/customer/portal/questions/1325149-how-many-people-ebird-around-the-world-and-per-country-
- ^ http://ebird.org/content/ebird/news/ebird-top100-goes-global/
- ^ "eBirding, citizen science topic of ‘Ding’ presentation", Cape Coral Daily Breeze Community News, Mar. 9, 2009
References
- Yudhijit Bhattacharjee (June 3, 2005), "Citizen Scientists Supplement Work of Cornell Researchers", PMID 15933178
- Chris Wood; Brian Sullivan; Marshall Iliff; Daniel Fink; Steve Kelling (2011), "eBird: Engaging Birders in Science and Conservation", doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001220)
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link - Dickinson, Janis L.; Zuckerberg, Benjamin; Bonter, David N. (2010), "Citizen Science as an Ecological Research Tool: Challenges and Benefits",
- Wiggins, Andrea (2011), "eBirding: technology adoption and the transformation of leisure into science", Proceedings of the 2011
Research using eBird data
Below is an incomplete list of research that used the eBird data.
Fink, Daniel; et al. (2010). "Spatiotemporal exploratory models for broad-scale survey data". Ecological Applications. 20 (8): 2131–2147. .
Hurlbert, Allen H.; Liang, Zhongei (February 2012), "Spatiotemporal Variation in Avian Migration Phenology: Citizen Science Reveals Effects of Climate Change", PLoS ONE, 7 (2): e31662, )