Species Plantarum

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Species Plantarum
OCLC
186272535

Species Plantarum (Latin for "The Species of Plants") is a book by Carl Linnaeus, originally published in 1753, which lists every species of plant known at the time, classified into genera. It is the first work to consistently apply binomial names and was the starting point for the naming of plants.

Publication

Species Plantarum

Berlin Botanical Garden; the fifth edition (1800) was published in four volumes.[5]

Importance

Before Species Plantarum, this plant was referred to as "Plantago foliis ovato-lanceolatis pubescentibus, spica cylindrica, scapo tereti"; Linnaeus renamed it Plantago media.

Species Plantarum was the first botanical work to consistently apply the

Nepeta cataria, respectively.[6][7] The use of binomial names had originally been developed as a kind of shorthand in a student project about the plants eaten by cattle.[8]

After the specific epithet, Linnaeus gave a short description of each species, and a

Glycyrrhiza glabra and "Glycyrrhiza hirsuta",[Note 3] respectively) were described as "leguminibus echinatis", "leguminibus glabris" and "leguminibus hirsutis".[10]
: 89 

Because it is the first work in which binomial nomenclature was consistently applied, Species Plantarum was chosen as the "starting point" for the

fungi uses later starting points).[6]

Contents

Species Plantarum contained descriptions of the thousands of plant species known to Linnaeus at the time. In the first edition, there were 5,940 names, from Acalypha australis to Zygophyllum spinosum.[11] In his introduction, Linnaeus estimated that there were fewer than 10,000 plant species in existence;[12] there are now thought to be around 400,000 species of flowering plants alone.[13]

The species were arranged in around a thousand genera, which were grouped into 24 classes, according to Linnaeus'

shared ancestry,[14] but the system's simplicity made it easier for non-specialists to rapidly find the correct class, being based on simple counts of floral parts such as stigmas and stamens.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ Its full title is Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas.
  2. ^ The book was actually published in two volumes, the first being on 24 May and the second on 16 August. However, for practical purposes, the dates of issue for volumes was arbitrarily set on 1 May, see Stearn, W.T. (1957), The preparation of the Species Plantarum and the introduction of binomial nomenclature, in: Species Plantarum, A Facsimile of the first edition, London, Ray Society: 72 and ICN (Melbourne Code)[3] Art. 13.4 Note 1: "The two volumes of Linnaeus' Species plantarum, ed. 1 (1753), which appeared in May and August, 1753, respectively, are treated as having been published simultaneously on 1 May 1753."
  3. ^ Now considered a synonym of G. glabra.[9]
  4. ^ The fifth edition of Genera Plantarum was published in 1754, and contains a supplement to Species Plantarum, first published the year before.[15]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Carolus Linnæus, Species Plantarum, Stockholm 1762–3". Collection Highlight Summer 2007. University of Aberdeen. 2007. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  2. ISBN 9780231506656
    . Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  3. ISBN 978-3-87429-425-6
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-521-42785-2
    .
  5. ISBN 9780074517888
    .
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8160-7221-7
    .
  7. ^
    ISBN 9780643099456
    .
  8. ISBN 9781615300402
    .
  9. ^ "Glycyrrhiza hirsuta Linnaeus". The Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. Natural History Museum. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
  10. ^
    ISBN 9781557532831
    .
  11. ^ Robert W. Kiger. "Index to Binomials Cited in the First Edition of Linnaeus' Species Plantarum". Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  12. ^ H. G. Bongard (1835). "Historical sketch of the progress of botany in Russia, from the time of Peter the Great to the present day; and on the part which the Academy has borne in the advancement of this science". Companion to the Botanical Magazine. 1: 177–186.
  13. ^ "How many flowering plants are there in the world?". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
  14. ^
    ISBN 9781578593637
    .
  15. The Linnean Society of London. Archived
    from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.

Bibliography

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