St. John Publications

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St. John Publications
Founded1947
FounderArcher St. John
Defunct1958 (comics), 1967 (magazines)
Country of originUnited States
Headquarters location545
Comic books, magazines
Fiction genresRomance, humor, funny animal, war, crime, mystery
ImprintsComics: Approved Comics, Blue Ribbon, Jubilee Publications
Magazines: Flying Eagle Publications

St. John Publications was an American publisher of magazines and comic books. During the 1947-1958 existence of its comic-book division, St. John established several industry firsts. Founded by Archer St. John, the firm was located in Manhattan at 545 Fifth Avenue. After the St. John comic books came to an end in 1958, the company continued to publish its magazine line into the next decade. Flying Eagle Publications was a magazine affiliate of St. John Publications. Comic book imprints included Approved Comics, Blue Ribbon, and Jubilee Publications.

History

Matt Baker (left) and Archer St. John at Grauman's Chinese Theatre, undated.

Archer St. John

The younger brother of

Robert William St. John (1902–2003),[1] Archer St. John was born either c. 1901[2] or on October 15, 1904[3] in Chicago, Illinois. Their mother Amy, a nurse, and father John, a pharmacist, moved the family to suburban Oak Park in 1910. Following the father's death in 1917 and the mother's eventual remarriage, Archer attended the St. Albans Episcopal Academy boarding school in Sycamore, Illinois. Both brothers became journalists, with Archer founding the Berwyn [Illinois] Tribune in the mid-1920s.[1]

He left that newspaper by 1930. By then, he had become advertising manager of the New York City-based

Lionel Trains Corporation. Among his duties, he edited the company's hobbyist magazine, Model Builder, debuting January 1937. It included true railroad stories in its editorial mix, eventually adding such illustrated featurettes as "Famous Railroad Sagas".[1] By this time, he was married and living in Darien, Connecticut,[4] with wife Gertrude (née Adams) and son Michael.[5]

By the early 1940s, St. John was editor of the 17-issue magazine Flying Cadet (Jan. 1943 – Oct. 1944). Like Model Builder, it mixed editorial prose with comics-style instructional featurettes. That changed with its final issue, a standard comic book that included fictional adventure ("Buzz Benson" by Maurice Whitman and George Kapitan; Lt. Lela Lang, art by Kapitan, about a female bomber pilot) and humor ("Grease Pan Gus") features. The company — also called Flying Cadet — additionally published American Air Forces #1 (Oct. 1944), as well as some issues of Dynamic Comics and Punch Comics.[1]

Either editing in his off hours while continuing to work at Lionel, or having left and returned to the company — a December 1944 letter that he signed places St. John in the Lionel advertising department at that time[citation needed] — St. John left the model-train maker in early 1945. After acquiring a reported $400,000 in start-up financing,[6] he began publishing two comic books, Comics Revue and Pageant of Comics, both reprinting comic strips. They appeared under his own name as publisher in 1947. Shortly afterward, his comic book company took on the name St. John Publications.[1] It had offices at 545 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, New York City,[7] and in 1950 took on additional space at 235-243 Pulaski Street in the neighboring borough of Brooklyn.[8]

Artist Joe Kubert who worked for St. John described him as "one of the most aristocratic upper-crust types that you'd ever come across. But he was as much unlike that underneath that veneer as anybody I can think of. When you sat down to talk to him he was really a regular guy."[9] Nadine King, office manager for the company,[10] socialized with St. John often, described him as "exceptional bright" and said that "...he did make a lot of money and lost a lot of money."[11]

Marion McDermott was an editor for St. John Publications. Fellow editor Nadine King said in an interview published in 2012 that St. John had an affair with McDermott.[12] They traveled together to Bermuda in 1950 and 1951.[13] Renée also recounted that St. John chased her once around a table in the office and a woman editor put a stop to it.[14]

In the early 1950s St. John became friends with artist

TCL Chinese Theatre in front of Jean Harlow's footprints.[15]

According to the people that worked for him, including Renée, St. John was charming and pleasant to work for, but he struggled with alcoholism. Graphic designer Warren Kramer recounted that St. John would attend

Harry Myers' "Eccentric Millionaire" character in the film City Lights.[16] That character is an alcoholic who suffers from state-dependent memory. However, Kramer added that although "Very peculiar", St. John was "...a very, very decent guy."[16]

In 1952, Archer St. John's brother Robert saw Archer in person for the last time. Archer flew from New York to Geneva, and on Robert's description "looked dreadful: he was terribly disheveled. His face was badly cut up; his hand was cut; there was blood all over his shirt." St. John had been drinking heavily on the plane. He bought a Swiss watch intended, he said, for a woman with whom he was living in New York City, then immediately flew back.[17]

On August 22, 1955, St. John spoke on the phone for the last time with Robert, who described him as "very despondent".

amphetamines.[21]

Magazines

The group of magazines published by St. John included crime fiction (Manhunt, Mantrap, Menace, Murder, Verdict), a Western digest (Gunsmoke), the scandal-exposé title Secret Life and the men's magazine Nugget. Manhunt began January 1953 as the monthly digest, Manhunt Detective Story Monthly. The title was shortened to Manhunt early in 1956. It expanded to a larger standard-size format from March 1957 to May 1958 but then returned to digest-size and a bimonthly schedule. The popularity of Manhunt kept it running for 114 issues until April–May 1967.[22][23] Verdict ran as a digest-size monthly from June 1953 to September 1953 and was briefly titled Verdict Crime Detection Magazine (Aug.–Nov. 1956) before a shortening back to Verdict.

He acquired the 21-year-old publication Magazine Digest in 1950.[24]

Comic books

Flying Cadet #17 (Oct. 1944), cover artist unknown. The topless woman indicates this was not a comic aimed at children.

The company's comics include the first

movie-cartoon character Mighty Mouse.[25][26] According to Joe Kubert, co-creator with the brothers Norman Maurer and Leonard Maurer, it sold an exceptional 1.2 million copies at 25 cents apiece[27]
at a time when comics cost a dime. St. John also published the second 3-D comic, the aptly named 3-D Comics, the single issue of which incongruously billed itself as "World's First!"

Other St. John comic books included the first movie-comedian tie-in series,

Western comic Kid Cowboy, and the jungle adventure title Wild Boy of the Congo.[1]

St. John Publications utilized the first

true-crime series Authentic Police Cases, the light humor comic Canteen Kate, the romance books
Cinderella Love and Teen-Age Romances, and many others.

Mice and men

St. John acquired the license to publish comics based on the movie cartoons of producer Paul Terry. The Terrytoons properties, originally adapted to comic books by Timely Comics, the 1940s predecessor of Marvel Comics, included such characters as Mighty Mouse, Heckle and Jeckle, Dinky Duck, Gandy Goose, and Little Roquefort. The first such St. John comic was Mighty Mouse #5 (Aug. 1947), its numbering taken over from the Timely run.[28]

The company expanded into licensed characters from another animation company, the joint Paramount Pictures-Famous Studios, which included the future Harvey Comics characters Casper the Friendly Ghost, Baby Huey (who premiered in that Casper the Friendly Ghost #1[1] before his March 3, 1950, screen debut, "Quack A Doodle Do"), and Little Audrey.

Little Eva, Audrey's lesser-known replacement, was added to the publishing schedule in 1952[29] after the Audrey license passed on to Harvey.[citation needed]

Continuing in the popular vein of reprinted comic strips, St. John published comic books of such gag strips as

private detective adventure strip Vic Flint. This hardboiled fiction by the pseudonymous Michael O'Malley (writer Ernest Lynn and others) and artists Ralph Lane, Dean Miller, Art Sansom and John Lane, was reprinted in the comic books Vic Flint (#1–5?, Aug. 1948 – April 1949);[30][31] all but the first issue of Fugitives from Justice (#1–5, 1953); and some issues of Authentic Police Cases (#1–38, 1948–1955).[32]

Romance comics

graphic-novel precursor. Cover art by Matt Baker
and Ray Osrin.

St. John's first romance comic was Teen-Age Romances #1 (Jan. 1949), followed by ten issues of romance comics over the next nine months. St. John's Hollywood Confessions #1 (Oct. 1949) metamorphosed two issues later into Hollywood Pictorial, and then shifted from comic book to movie magazine (Hollywood Pictorial Western) with issue #4 (March 1950). That was the first title in what eventually became the St. John magazine group.[citation needed]

The company introduced several other, mostly short-lived original series from 1948 through 1953, including a rare, for the company, superhero series, Zip-Jet, starring a yellow-clad "supersonic enemy of evil" reprinted from Punch Comics' "Rocketman" feature.[1] That and the two St. John series titled Atom-Age Combat directly reflected the era's Cold War "nuclear jitters" and popular culture fascination with the breaking of the sound barrier.[citation needed]

Pioneering "Picture Novels"

In 1950—more than 20 years before

pulp novelist Manning Lee Stokes and illustrator Charles Raab.[1]

Comic book titles published

Main article: List of St. John Publications

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Quattro, Ken (2006). "Archer St. John & The Little Company That Could". Comicartville.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2015. Retrieved September 14, 2011. Additional WebCitation archive on November 28, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "Publisher Found Dead; Archer St. John Succumbs in Friend's Penthouse". The New York Times. August 14, 1955. p. 71. Retrieved October 15, 2017. Archer St. John, 54 years old, publisher of 'Secret Life' and other magazines, was found dead yesterday afternoon in the penthouse apartment of a friend, the police reported. (Abstract only) (subscription required)
  3. ^ Birth date is given as October 15, 1904, at Quattro, Ken (May 2008). "The Gospel According to Archer St. John". Alter Ego. Vol. 3, no. 77. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 4. Retrieved October 15, 2017. No source is given for this date, which contradicts age in police report at time of death.
  4. ^ "Francis Adams [obituary]". The New York Times. July 4, 1936. p. 13. Retrieved October 15, 2017. Francis Adams ... [was survived by] a sister, Mrs. Archer St. John, of Darien, Connecticut... (subscription required)
  5. ^ Quattro, Alter Ego #77, p. 5.
  6. ^ "I Let People Do Their Jobs!': A Conversation with Vince Fago—Artist, Writer, and Third Editor-in-Chief of Timely/Marvel Comics". Alter Ego. Vol. 3, no. 11. TwoMorrows Publishing. November 2001. Archived from the original on December 24, 2001.
  7. ISBN 978-0853237792
    . St John Publishing, of 545 Fifth Avenue, New York...
  8. ^ "Midwest Firm Plans Health Salons Here". The New York Times. May 11, 1950. p. 60. Retrieved October 15, 2017. Other business leases reported yesterday included ... Archer St. John, rebinder of comic books, groundfloor [sic] in 235-243 Pulaski St, Brooklyn (subscription required)
  9. ISBN 978-1560977919
    .
  10. ISBN 978-1560979289
    .
  11. ^ Benson, p. 29
  12. ISBN 9781605490328
    . Mary McDermott was an editor while I was there. She and St. John started having an affair. They decided to elope somewhere in the South, but they changed their minds and came back
  13. ^ Per Colonial Airlines and Pan American Airlines passenger lists at Ancestry.com, reproduced at Jay, Alex (December 10, 2018). "Comics: Searching for Marion McDermott". Tenth Letter of the Alphabet (blog). Archived from the original on August 19, 2019.
  14. ^ Amash, Jim (May 2009). "'I'm Not Typical for Doing Comics, You Know!': The Life and Times of Golden Age Artist Lily Renée". Alter Ego. 3 (85).
  15. ^ Amash, Nolen-Weathington, Matt Baker: The Art of Glamour, p. 119
  16. ^ a b Benson, p. 37
  17. ISBN 9780810889071
    .
  18. ^ Horowitz, p. 214-215.
  19. ^ Horowitz, p. 216.
  20. ^ Horowitz, p. 214.
  21. ^ Horowitz, p. 215.
  22. ^ Ashley, Mike (n.d.). "Collecting Crime: Manhunt". CrimeTime.co.uk. Archived from the original on November 29, 2004.
  23. ^ Stephensen-Payne, Phil (n.d.). "Checklist: Manhunt". Philsp.com. Archived from the original on May 12, 2006.
  24. ^ "Magazine Digest Is Sold". The New York Times. January 11, 1950. p. 13. Retrieved October 15, 2017. (subscription required)
  25. ^ Zone, Ray (n.d.). "1950s 3-D Comic Book Checklist". Ray3DZone.com. Archived from the original on February 11, 2009.
  26. halftones
    . (Abstract only) (subscription required)
  27. ^ "Joe Kubert Interview: A Myth in the World of Comics". Universo HQ. c. 2001. Archived from the original on November 14, 2002.
  28. ^ Mighty Mouse, St. John 1947 at the Grand Comics Database
  29. ^ Little Eva, St. John, 1952 Series at the Grand Comics Database
  30. ^ Vic Flint, St. John, 1948 Series at the Grand Comics Database, which notes, "Issues #3 to 5 are listed in [the] Overstreet [Comic Book Price Guide] but almost certainly don't exist."
  31. ^ Smith, Kevin Burton (n.d.). "Vic Flint". ThrillingDetective.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2001.
  32. ^ St. John (publisher) at the Grand Comics Database

External links

Further reading

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