Stamford Hill
Stamford Hill | |
---|---|
Location within Greater London | |
Area | 2 sq mi (5.2 km2) |
Population | 68,050 [1] |
• Density | 34,025/sq mi (13,137/km2) |
OS grid reference | TQ335875 |
• Charing Cross | 5.5 mi (8.9 km) SSW |
London borough | |
Ceremonial county | Greater London |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | LONDON |
Postcode district | N15, N16 |
Dialling code | 020 |
Police | Metropolitan |
Fire | London |
Ambulance | London |
UK Parliament | |
London Assembly | |
Stamford Hill is an area in Inner London, England, about 5.5 miles north-east of Charing Cross. The neighbourhood is a sub-district of Hackney, the major component of the London Borough of Hackney, and is known for its Hasidic community, the largest concentration of Hasidic Jews in Europe.
The district takes its name from the eponymous hill, which reaches a height of 108 ft (33m) AOD,[2] and the originally Roman A10 also takes the name "Stamford Hill", as it makes its way through the area.
The hill is believed
The hill rises gently from the former course of the Hackney Brook to the south, and its steeper northern slope provided a natural boundary for the traditional (parish and borough) extent of Hackney, and now does so for the wider modern borough.
History
Stamford Hill lies on the old Roman road of Ermine Street, on the high ground where it meets the Clapton Road, which runs from central Hackney. By the 18th century, the Roman road (now numbered as the A10) was subject to heavy traffic, including goods wagons pulled by six or more horses, and this caused the surface of the road to deteriorate. The local parishes appealed to Parliament in 1713 for the right to set up a Turnpike Trust, to pay for repairs and maintenance. Gates were installed at Kingsland and Stamford Hill, to collect the tolls.[6]
Stamford Hill had a
The area remained essentially rural in character, and little more was built until the arrival of the railway in 1872,[7] and the tram system at about the same time. Stamford Hill was the point where the tram line coming north from the City[9] met the Hackney tram line,[10] and so, it became a busy interchange, with a depot opening in 1873.[11] Electrification commenced in 1902 and by 1924 a service was commenced between Stamford Hill and Camden Town along Amhurst Park.[12]
Stamford Hill had many eminent Jewish residents, including the
Until the late 20th century, East London was the focus of Jewish life in England, with settlement heavily focussed on an area in and around Whitechapel, extending from Bishopsgate to Cable Street.[15] The area was chosen because of its cheap rents the independent trades, notably weaving and textiles, known colloquially as "the rag trade".[16] Prosperity, integration and later severe wartime bomb damage saw the community disperse to other parts of East London and more widely. From the 1880's, Stamford Hill received a new influx of Jews from the core area of East End settlement[17] and, in 1915, the New Synagogue was transferred to Stamford Hill to serve this growing population.
In 1926, the
Governance
Stamford Hill has never been an administrative area in its own right; it has always been an area of Hackney. Hackney was an administrative unit with consistent boundaries from the early Middle Ages to the creation of the larger modern borough in 1965. Hackney was based for many centuries on the Ancient Parish of Hackney.
The area was part of the
The Ancient Parishes provided a framework for both civil (administrative) and ecclesiastical (church) functions, but during the nineteenth century, there was a divergence into distinct civil and ecclesiastical parish systems. In London, the Ecclesiastical Parishes sub-divided to better serve the needs of a growing population, while the Civil Parishes continued to be based on the same Ancient Parish areas.
The
Boundaries
The area's usual definition is based on the physical feature of the hill and the neighbourhood's location within the Ancient Parish and subsequent (with almost identical boundaries) Metropolitan Borough of Hackney.[3] It also reflects the fact that what was originally the Roman A10 also takes the name 'Stamford Hill' as goes over the hill between the brook and the borough boundary.
Northern boundary with Tottenham: Takes the northern boundary of the AP\MB of Hackney. This corresponds to the current boundary between the modern borough of Hackney and Haringey.
Western boundary with Stoke Newington: Takes part of the AP\MB of Hackney's boundary with the AP\MB of Stoke Newington along Bethune Road and down to the A10.[20]
Southern Boundary with West Hackney: The east–west course of the Hackney Brook, which may have been as wide as 22m at this point,[21] provided a natural southern boundary for the district, however the river was culverted and it is now difficult to discern its former course on the ground. This has led to very ambiguous boundary, along its former course, in the Cazenove\Northwold Road area.
East and south-east boundary with
Demography
The high fertility of the Haredi community contributes to the area having one of highest birthrates in the UK, with a
The data table shows 2011 ONS Census data[23] for the wards around Stamford Hill, where respondents indicated a religion:[24]
Ward | All | Christian | Buddhist | Hindu | Jewish | Muslim | Sikh | other | No religion | not stated |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cazenove | 13,392 | 3,823 | 93 | 70 | 2,868 | 2,210 | 122 | 53 | 2,730 | 1,423 |
Lordship | 12,280 | 3,251 | 80 | 49 | 3,179 | 977 | 98 | 56 | 3,119 | 1,471 |
New River | 12,551 | 3,965 | 102 | 40 | 3,591 | 1,362 | 48 | 33 | 1,870 | 1,540 |
Springfield | 12,378 | 3,799 | 57 | 39 | 3,604 | 1,745 | 111 | 46 | 1,436 | 1,541 |
Seven Sisters | 15,968 | 6,219 | 165 | 165 | 2,883 | 2,338 | 75 | 73 | 2,639 | 1,411 |
Total | 66,569 | 21,057 | 497 | 363 | 16,125 | 8,632 | 454 | 261 | 11,794 | 7,386 |
- The London Borough of Hackney has expressed its concern that Haredi Jewish residents are seriously under-counted in the Census data, as the religion question is voluntary.[25]
Haredi Jewish community
Stamford Hill is at the centre of an
A volunteer emergency response first-aid service called
The strictly Orthodox Jewish community relies mostly on private education for schooling, with almost all Jewish children attending private, single-sex Jewish schools.
Haredi families, on average, have 5.9 children, almost 2.5 times the average for England and Wales, and many families live in over-crowded flats.[38] National planning policy and guidance are applied by the local council, prohibiting development of family housing. This has led to conflict between the council and the Jewish population, sometimes represented by the Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations. Agudas Israel Housing Association is active in developing housing for the Jewish community in Stamford Hill.[30]
There is also a notable population of
In 2014, the community met with controversy after a sign was spotted in the location reading, "Women should please walk along this side of the road only".[41] The sign was reportedly put up for a Torah Procession parade, and was meant to provide directions for members who wished to avoid contact with the opposite sex.[41] After complaints about the sign were raised, a group of Shomrim who regularly police the area contacted the organisers to tell them that the posters "lacked explanation". The posters were removed, and the organisers agreed to take the signs down more quickly the following year.[42]
Since the 2011 census, there has been a migration of Stamford Hill Hasidic Jews to Canvey Island, in Essex. Canvey Island has a fairly homogenous ethnic make-up, and did not previously have a significant Jewish presence, but community relations appear to be good, and were the subject of a TV documentary.[43]
Education
The
Today, Lubavitch Senior Girls' School, Our Lady's RC High School, Skinners' Academy, and Yesodey Hatorah Senior Girls' School are secondary schools located in the area.
There are also many independent or Haredi schools in the area.
Notable people
- Lionel Blair (1928–2021), Canadian-born British actor, grew up in Stamford Hill[45]
- Bernard Butler (born 1970), guitarist, known for his time with Suede; born in Stamford Hill[46]
- Mel Calman (1931–1994), cartoonist and writer, was born in Stamford Hill[47]
- Dave Kaye (1906–1996), pianist, lived in Stamford Hill[48]
- Leona Lewis (born 1985), singer, songwriter, first female winner of The X Factor; lived in Stamford Hill[49]
- Moses Montefiore (1784 –1885), financier and philanthropist, lived in Stamford Hill[50]
- Samuel Morley (1809–1886), philanthropist and abolitionist, born in Homerton and lived in Stamford Hill[51]
- Rabbi Chanoch Dov Padwa (1908–2000), Orthodox Jewish posek, Talmudist and rabbinic leader, lived in Stamford Hill[52]
- Nathan Meyer Rothschild (1777–1836), financier, lived in Stamford Hill[53]
- Mark Williams (born 1955), cricketer, was born in Stamford Hill[54]
- Clavish (born 1998), rapper, was born in Stamford Hill
- Paul Greer (born 1975), creator of the Nitro Warriors series of popular stop-motion films, lived in Stamford Hill[55]
Transport and locale
Nearby areas
- North-west - Harringay
- North - South Tottenham
- North-east - Walthamstow
- West - Manor House
- Centre - Stamford Hill
- East - Clapton
- South-west - Finsbury Park
- South - Stoke Newington
- South-east - Upper Clapton
Nearest stations
- Stamford Hill Overground station
- South Tottenham Overground station
- Manor House tube station
- Seven Sisters station
- Stoke Newington Overground station
References
- ^ "Ward Profiles". Data.london.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
- ^ Archaeological Study of Hackney, see page 3 https://content.historicengland.org.uk/content/docs/planning/apa-hackney.pdf
- ^ a b "Hackney: Newington and Stamford Hill - British History Online". British-history.ac.uk.
- ^ Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names, Ekwall, 4th Edition 1990
- ^ "Stoke Newington Common - Hackney Council". Hackney.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
- ^ Georgian Transport Archived 15 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine (Brickfields Spitalfields) accessed 18 May 2009
- ^ a b The London Encyclopaedia, Weinreb and Hibbert, 1983
- ^ "Hackney: Newington and Stamford Hill." A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10, Hackney. Ed. T F T Baker. London: Victoria County History, 1995. 38-44. British History Online. Web. 15 December 2018. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol10/pp38-44.
- ^ The North Metropolitan Tramways Co. inaugurated 1872, and ran from Moorgate via Kingsland and Stoke Newington Roads to Stamford Hill
- Clapton, opened in 1872, and was extended to Clapton Common in 1875, reaching Stamford Hill in 1902,
- ^ 'Hackney: Communications', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10: Hackney (1995), pp. 4-10 Date accessed: 1 November 2006.
- ^ 'Hackney: Communications', in A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10, Hackney, ed. T F T Baker (London, 1995), pp. 4-10. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol10/pp4-10 [accessed 23 December 2022].
- ^ a b c 'Hackney: Judaism', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10: Hackney (1995), pp. 145-48. Date accessed: 31 October 2006.
- ^ ODNB entry by Catherine Horwood. Retrieved 2 November 2012. Pay-walled.
- ^ Mapping Society, The Spatial Dimensions of Social Cartography, Laura Vaughan https://ucldigitalpress.co.uk/Book/Article/67/91/5048/
- ^ East London Papers, Volume 6, Number 2, December 1963
- ^ Kosher in the country', The Economist 1 June 2006 accessed 14 August 2007
- ^ The London Encyclopaedia, 4th Edition, 1983, Weinreb and Hibbert
- ^ East London Papers, Volume 8, Number 2, The Name 'Tower Hamlets'. M.J. Power, December 1965
- ^ Describes Stoke Newingtons boundaries with Hackney and other neighbours https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol8/pp139-140
- ^ "Hackney Brook". www.locallocalhistory.co.uk. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
- ^ "Ward Level Mid-Year Population Estimates (experimental), Mid-2012" (PDF). One.gov.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ In the 2011 UK census, respondents were voluntarily asked to identify their religion.
- ^ 'Torah, worship and acts of loving kindness' - Christine Holman and Naomi Holman, De Montfort University, November 2002.
- ^ "Love Hackney - Love Hackney". Destinationhackney.co.uk. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
- ^ "Learning Trust" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2010. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
- ^ "About Us - SHOMRIM North & East London". Archived from the original on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
- ^ Jewish health service offers local care - BBC Health 19 January 2003 accessed on 11 December 2006
- ^ a b Mick Brown (25 February 2011). "Inside the private world of London's ultra-Orthodox Jews". The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 26 February 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
- ^ "- Ofsted". Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 19 June 2009.
- ^ "Jewish faith school caught censoring questions on science exam papers". secularism.org.uk/. 10 October 2013. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
- ^ "Jewish school redacts exam to remove evolution questions". bbc.co.uk/. 4 March 2014.
- ^ "Evolution exam questions cannot be blocked, says Ofqual". Bbc.co.uk. 31 March 2014.
- ^ "Is there a problem with unregistered schools?". BBC News. 27 February 2018.
- ^ "Thousand boys disappear from school system". The Telegraph. 14 July 2014.
- London Evening Standard. p. 7.
- ^ Ynet London Haredim considering move (Reuters/YNET 1 October 2006) accessed 19 June 2009
- ISBN 90-04-10110-1
- ^ "Yemeni families flee persecution for Stamford Hill". JewishRefugees.org.uk. 25 March 2010. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
- ^ a b Saul, Heather (21 September 2014). "Stamford Hill council removes 'unacceptable' posters telling women which side of the road to walk down". The Independent. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- The Evening Standard. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ^ Jewish Chronicle article describing the migration and the BBC documentary https://www.thejc.com/culture/tv/tv-review-canvey-the-promised-island-1.451767
- ^ "Tottenham: Roman catholicism Pages 355-356 A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 5, Hendon, Kingsbury, Great Stanmore, Little Stanmore, Edmonton Enfield, Monken Hadley, South Mimms, Tottenham". British History Online. Victoria County History, 1976. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
- ^ "Lionel Blair | My family values". The Guardian. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Bernard Butler Official biography". bernardbutler.com. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Obituary: Mel Calman". The Independent. 12 February 1994. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Notice" (PDF). The London Gazette. 5 July 1940. p. 4137. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "LEONA THROUGH THE ROOF". Hackney Gazette. 4 April 2008. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Stamford Hill - Hackney's best kept secret". Hackney Citizen. 9 February 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Morley, Samuel (1809-1886) | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Rabbi Chanoch Padwa". www.telegraph.co.uk. 30 August 2000. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Nathan Mayer Rothschild (1777-1836) | Rothschild Family". family.rothschildarchive.org. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Mark Williams". www.cricketarchive.com. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
- ^ Corbishley, Sam (22 February 2023). "Filmmaker creates incredible stop-motion chase scenes using Hot-Wheels toy cars". Metro. Retrieved 19 March 2023.