Stanisław Małachowski
Count Stanisław Małachowski | |
|---|---|
 Portrait by Johann Baptist von Lampi the Elder  | |
| 1st Prime Minister of Duchy of Warsaw | |
| In office 5 October – 14 December 1807 | |
| Monarch | Frederick Augustus I |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Ludwik Szymon Gutakowski |
| Sejm Marshal of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth | |
| In office 1788–1792 | |
| Monarch | Stanisław II August |
| Preceded by | Stanisław Kostka Gadomski |
| Succeeded by | Stanisław Kostka Bieliński |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 24 August 1736 Nobleman, politician |
Count Stanisław Małachowski, of the
The son of Jan Małachowski, the royal grand chancellor, Małachowski was named marshal (speaker) of the
Biography
Born on 24 August 1736, Stanisław Małachowski came from a wealthy, powerful and influential noble family and was the son of statesman and nobleman Jan Małachowski. He studied law and was elected provincial deputy to the
In 1792 he negotiated in vain with a
Małachowski died on 28 December 1809 and his tomb is located in the
Legacy
From his youth Małachowski laboured zealously for the good of his country, and as president of the royal court of justice won the honourable title of the "Polish Aristides". He was first elected a deputy to the Coronation Diet of 1764, and the great Four-Years Sejm unanimously elected him its speaker at the beginning of its session in 1788. Accurately gauging the situation, Małachowski speedily gathered round him all those who were striving to uphold the falling Commonwealth and warmly supported every promising project of reform. He was one of the framers of the constitution of 3 May 1791, exceeding in liberality all his colleagues and advocating the extension of the franchise to the towns and the emancipation of the serfs. He was the first to enter his name as a citizen of Warsaw in the civic register and to open negotiations with his own peasantry for their complete liberation. Disappointed in his hopes by the overthrow of the constitution, he resigned office and left the country in 1792, going first to Italy and subsequently to his estates in Galicia, where he was imprisoned for a time on a false suspicion of conspiracy.
In 1807, Małachowski was placed at the head of the executive committee appointed at Warsaw after its evacuation by the Prussians, and when the grand duchy of Warsaw was created Małachowski became president of the senate under King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony. In the negotiations with the Austrian government concerning the Galician salt-mines, Małachowski came to the assistance of the depleted treasury by hypothesising all his estates as an additional guarantee. His death was regarded as a public calamity. In all the other towns of the grand duchy funeral services were held simultaneously as a tribute of the respect and gratitude of the Polish nation.[4]
Remembrance
He is one of the figures immortalized in Jan Matejko's 1891 painting, Constitution of 3 May 1791. A monument in his honor has been proposed in the Polish city of Płock on the grounds of the school which bears his name.
See also
References
- ^ Werbowy, Piotr. "Stowarzyszenie Potomków Sejmu Wielkiego - STANISŁAW MAŁACHOWSKI - w historii Polski i dla nas ważna postać". www.spsw.pl. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
- ^ "Biografie » Stanisław Małachowski". Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
- ^ "Stanisław Małachowski - słownik postaci". historia-polski.klp.pl.
- ^ "Polskie Radio - Strona nie została odnaleziona".
External links
- Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). p. 456.
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