State Crown of George I
The State Crown of George I is the imperial and state crown crafted in 1714 for King George I. It was modified and used by subsequent monarchs until 1838. The empty gold frame and its aquamarine monde which dates from the reign of King James II are both part of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.[1] They are on public display in the Martin Tower at the Tower of London.
Origin
The crown, made by royal jeweller Samuel Smithin, replaced the state crown of Charles II (also used by his successors, James II, William III and Queen Anne) and incorporated some of the jewels and pearls from the old crown, with the addition of 265 new pearls, 160 diamonds, 6 emeralds and 2 sapphires, at a total cost of £1,440.[2] Very little change was made to either the shape of the crown or the arrangement of the stones.[3] The gold frame is 20.4 cm (8.0 in) tall, and the monde and cross surmounting it are 8.5 cm (3.3 in) tall.[1]
Watercolour
The crown is vibrantly depicted in a
The crown with which George I, King of Great Britain, was crowned on 20 October 1714. The cap is of crimson velvet or purple; welt of ermine; circle and arches of beaten gold. The ornaments are silver and set with diamonds; the larger stones are sapphires and emeralds, and a few small rubies. The balas in the cross in front was given to the crown by James II. The ball on which the upper cross is fixed is an aquamarine but the lower part is gold enamelled green. It is worn when the king goes to parliament, is made new for every coronation, and kept at the Tower of London.[4]
The "balas" mentioned here is the
Subsequent use and fate
George I's state crown was subsequently used at the coronations of George II, for whom the arches were pulled upwards, and
Emptied of its jewels and discarded by the royal family, the 1714 crown was loaned to the
References
- ^ ISBN 978-0-500-51575-4.
- ^ Edward Alfred Jones (1908). The Old Royal Plate in the Tower of London. Oxford, Fox, Jones & Co. p. 69.
- ^ a b c d The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs. Vol. 19. Southwood, Smith & Co. 1911. pp. 239–241.
- ^ "Drawing: King George I's Crown of State". British Museum. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
- ^ Cyril Davenport (1897). The English Regalia. K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. p. 24.
- ISBN 978-0-300-07992-0.
- ^ "Monde from the Crown of State (1685)". Royal Collection Trust. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
- ^ "Crown Jewels". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 268. United Kingdom: House of Commons. 18 December 1995. col. 853W.
- ^ a b "Crown Jewels". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 268. United Kingdom: House of Commons. 12 December 1995. col. 566W.
- ^ Reviewing Committee on the Export of Works of Art (1995). Export of Works of Art: 1994–95. HM Stationery Office. pp. 48–50.
- ^ Stephen Goodwin (17 December 1996). "Crowning glory at Tower exhibition". Independent. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
External links
- "Monde from the Crown of State (1685)". Royal Collection Trust. Inventory no. 31711.