Stavka

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The Stavka (Russian and Ukrainian:[1] Ставка, Belarusian: Стаўка) is a name of the high command of the armed forces formerly in the Russian Empire, Soviet Union and currently in Ukraine.

In

Imperial Russia Stavka referred to the administrative staff, and to the General Headquarters in the late 19th-century Imperial Russian armed forces and subsequently in the Soviet Union
. In Western literature it is sometimes written in uppercase (STAVKA), although it is not an acronym. Stavka may refer to its members, as well as to the headquarters location (its original meaning from the old Russian word ставка, 'tent').

Stavka of the Supreme Commander during World War I

Alexandra Fyodorovna, Tsarevitch Alexei and Nicholas II arriving at the Stavka, May 1916.
Nicholas II with members of the Stavka at Mogilev
, 1 April 1916.

The commander-in-chief of the

chief of staff. In the summer of 1915 the Tsar himself took personal command, with Mikhail Alekseyev as his chief of staff. In the years 1915–1917 Stavka was based in Mogilev
and the Tsar, Nicholas II, spent long periods there as Commander-in-Chief.

The Stavka was divided into several departments:

  • Department of General-Quartermaster (Operations department)
  • Department of General on Duty (Organisation of troops, supplies, promotions, staff matters)
  • Department of military transportations
  • Naval department
  • Diplomatic chancery (liaison with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

The Stavka was first established in

Baranovichi. In August 1915, after the German advance, the Stavka re-located to Mogilev
.

Chiefs of staff

Nikolai Yanushkevich
  • 19 July 1914 – 18 August 1915: Lieutenant-General (from 22 October 1914, General of Infantry) Nikolai Yanushkevich
  • 18 September 1915 – 1 April 1917: General of Infantry (from 1916 adjutant General) Mikhail Alekseyev
  • 10 November 1916 – 17 February 1917: General of Cavalry Vasily Gurko
  • 11 March 1917 – 5 April 1917: General of Infantry Vladislav Klembovsky
  • 5 April 1917 – 31 May 1917: Lieutenant-General Anton Denikin
  • 2 June 1917 – 30 August 1917: Lieutenant-General Alexander Lukomsky
  • 30 August 1917 – 9 September 1917: General of Infantry Mikhail Alekseyev
  • 10 October 1917 – 3 November 1917: Lieutenant-General Nikolay Dukhonin
  • 3 November 1917 – 7 November 1917: Major General
    Mikhail Dieterichs
  • 7 November 1917 – February 1918: Major General
    Mikhail Bonch-Bruevich

Stavka of the Red Army during World War II

The Stavka of the Soviet

Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov
.

The same decree organized at Stavka "the institution of permanent counsellors of Stavka": Marshal

Mekhlis
.

Very soon afterwards, the deputy defence minister of the army, Meretskov, was arrested following false charges made by Beria and

Merkulov. Meretskov was subsequently released from jail on the same day, at the end of the first week of September 1941, which was called for by Stalin.[clarification needed
]

Stavka's Main Command was reorganized into the Stavka of the Supreme Command (Stavka Verkhovnogo Komandovaniya)[3] on 10 July 1941. This action occurred after Stalin was named Supreme Commander, and replaced Timoshenko as head of Stavka. On 8 August 1941 it was again reorganized into Stavka of the Supreme Main Command (Stavka Verkhovnogo Glavnokomandovaniya).

On the same day

Strategic Directions
commands were instituted.

A 17 February 1945 decree set out the membership of Stavka as Stalin (President), Zhukov, Aleksandr Vasilevsky, Aleksei Antonov, Nikolai Bulganin and Kuznetsov.

Stavka of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

The Stavka of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief (

Russian invasion of Ukraine on that day.[4][5][6][7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Словник української мови: в 11 томах. — Том 9, 1978. — Стор. 633.
  2. ^ "60 лет Победе". victory.mil.ru. Archived from the original on 5 March 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  3. ^ "Постановление ГКО № 83сс от 10.07.41 — Викитека". ru.wikisource.org. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  4. ^ "Рада національної безпеки і оборони України". Рада національної безпеки і оборони України (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  5. ^ "Зеленский постановил создать на Украине ставку верховного главнокомандующего". ТАСС. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  6. ^ "Зеленский поручил создать на Украине ставку верховного главнокомандующего". РБК (in Russian). 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  7. ^ "На Украине появится ставка верховного главнокомандующего - Газета.Ru | Новости". Газета.Ru (in Russian). 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
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