Stavropol Krai
Stavropol Krai | |
---|---|
Ставропольский край | |
2021 Census)[6] | |
• Total | 2,907,593 |
ISO 3166 code | RU-STA |
License plates | 26, 126 |
OKTMO ID | 07000000 |
Official languages | Russian[9] |
Website | http://www.stavregion.ru |
Stavropol Krai (Russian: Ставропо́льский край, romanized: Stavropolʹsky kray), also known as Stavropolye (Ставропо́лье), is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia. It is geographically located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia, and is administratively part of the North Caucasian Federal District. Stavropol Krai has a population of 2,907,593, according to the 2021 Census.
Stavropol Krai is bordered by
Geography
(light grey)The
Climate
Most of Stavropol Krai experiences
History
The krai was established as North Caucasus Krai on October 17, 1924. After undergoing numerous administrative changes, it was renamed Ordzhonikidze Krai (Орджоникидзевский край), after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, in March 1937, and Stavropol Krai on January 12, 1943.
Politics
During the Soviet period, the high authority in the region (krai) was shared between three persons: the First Secretary of the Stavropol Krai CPSU Committee (who in reality had the greatest authority), the Chairman of the Krai Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the Krai Executive Committee (executive power).
In 1970–1978, Mikhail Gorbachev, a native of Stavropol Krai, occupied the position of the First Secretary of the Krai's Communist Party Committee. He left the region for Moscow in 1978, when he was promoted to a Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, to become the Party's General Secretary and the nation's leader 7 years later. The region was also native to Yuri Andropov, who was also leader of the Soviet Union for a short time.
Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Krai Administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside the elected regional parliament.
The Charter of Stavropol Krai is the fundamental law of the region. The Legislative Assembly of Stavropol Krai is the province's regional standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the Krai Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The krai administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the krai Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia.
Economy
Large companies in the region include Stavrolen, Arnest, Concern Enorgomera, Nevinomiskiy Azot, Stavropolskiy Gres.[11]
Agriculture
Irrigated agriculture is well developed in the region. As of the beginning of 2001, Stavropol Krai had 3,361 km of
Among the major irrigation canals are:[12]
- YegorlykIrrigation System.
- The Kuban Rivereastward across the entire krai.
- The East Manych River.
Demographics
Vital statistics for 2022:[16][17]
- Births: 25,332 (9.1 per 1,000)
- Deaths: 33,865 (12.2 per 1,000)
Total fertility rate (2022):[18]
1.29 children per woman
Life expectancy (2021):[19]
Total — 71.66 years (male — 67.68, female — 75.43)
Settlements
Largest cities or towns in Stavropol Krai
2010 Russian Census | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Administrative Division | Pop. | |||||||
Stavropol Pyatigorsk |
1 | Stavropol | City of krai significance of Stavropol | 398,539 | Kislovodsk Nevinnomyssk | ||||
2 | Pyatigorsk | City of krai significance of Pyatigorsk | 142,511 | ||||||
3 | Kislovodsk | City of krai significance of Kislovodsk | 128,553 | ||||||
4 | Nevinnomyssk | City of krai significance of Nevinnomyssk | 118,360 | ||||||
5 | Yessentuki | City of krai significance of Yessentuki | 100,996 | ||||||
6 | Mineralnye Vody | Mineralovodsky District | 76,728 | ||||||
7 | Georgiyevsk | Georgiyevsky District | 72,153 | ||||||
8 | Mikhaylovsk | Shpakovsky District | 70,981 | ||||||
9 | Budyonnovsk | Budyonnovsky District | 64,624 | ||||||
10 | Izobilny | Izobilnensky District | 40,555 |
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1897 | 873,301 | — |
1926 | 674,559 | −22.8% |
1939 | 1,950,887 | +189.2% |
1959 | 1,882,911 | −3.5% |
1970 | 2,305,780 | +22.5% |
1979 | 2,539,219 | +10.1% |
1989 | 2,857,188 | +12.5% |
2002 | 2,735,139 | −4.3% |
2010 | 2,786,281 | +1.9% |
2021 | 2,907,593 | +4.4% |
Source: Census data |
Ethnic groups
The 2010 Census counted thirty-three ethnic groups of more than 2,000 persons each, making this federal subject one of the most multiethnic in Russia. The inhabitants identified themselves as belonging to more than 140 different ethnic groups, as shown in the following table:[20]
Population | Ethnicity | Percentage of total population |
---|---|---|
2,309,460 | Russians | 79.4% |
135,384 | Armenians | 4.7% |
58,785 | Dargins | 2.0% |
38,045 | Romani people | 1.3% |
23,943 | Greeks | 0.8% |
22,569 | Nogais | 0.8% |
15,649 | Karachay
|
0.5% |
15,100 | Turkmens | 0.5% |
13,996 | Azerbaijanis | 0.5% |
13,779 | Chechens | 0.5% |
12,724 | Turks | 0.4% |
10,288 | Avars | 0.4% |
9,895 | Ukrainians | 0.3% |
8,354 | Tatars | 0.3% |
97,793 | Other Ethnicity | 3.4% |
121,829 | Ethnicity not stated | 4.2% |
Religion
According to a 2012 survey
Administrative divisions
Stavropol Krai is administratively divided into twenty-six
Notable people
- Yuri Andropov (1914–1984), the fourth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- Mikhail Gorbachev (1931–2022), the last President of the Soviet Union.
- Joseph Trumpeldor (1880–1920), early Zionist activist and organizer of the Jewish Legion.
- Fyodor Kulakov (1918–1978), a former Soviet governor of Stavropol Krai
- Mikhail Lermontov (1814–1841), a Russian poet, novelist, playwright and painter.[23]
- Nobel Prize for Literature
- Piotr Mikhailovich Skarżyński (1744–1805), A Russian Major General. He served in the cavalry units of the Russian army and he commanded the Buzhan Cossacks during the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1791, he showed heroism during the assault on Ochakov and the defense of the Kinburn fortress. He was awarded the Order of St. George.[24]
References
Notes
- ^ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
- ^ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
- ^ a b Charter of Stavropol Krai, Article 8
- ^ Official website of Stavropol Krai. Vladimir Vladimirovich Vladimirov, Governor of Stavropol Krai (in Russian)
- Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography. Archived from the originalon February 9, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- ^ "Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
- ^ October 17, 1924 is the date of establishment of North Caucasus Krai, which underwent several renamings and administrative changes before stabilizing in its present borders.
- ^ "Stavropol Territory Industries". investinregions.ru. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
- ^ a b Общая информация О водных ресурсах края Archived December 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine (General information about the water resources of the krai), from the regional government site. (in Russian)
- Federal State Statistics Service.
- Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022". ROSSTAT. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
- ^ "Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022". ROSSTAT. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Archived from the original(XLSX) on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
- ^ "Демографический ежегодник России" [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved June 1, 2022.
- ^ "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
- ^ a b c "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012.
- ^ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived.
- ^ Shedden-Ralston, William Ralston (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 484–485.
- ^ "Пионеры русского виноделия на Кавказе: Скаржинский".
Sources
- Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. №6-кз 12 октября 1994 г. «Устав (Основной Закон) Ставропольского края», в ред. Закона №132-кз от 2 декабря 2015 г. «О поправках к Уставу (Основному Закону) Ставропольского края». Опубликован: "Ставропольская правда", №198–199, 14 октября 1994 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. #6-kz October 12, 1994 Charter (Basic Law) of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #132-kz of December 2, 2015 On the Amendments to the Charter (Basic Law) of Stavropol Krai. ).
External links
- News and events of Stavropol Krai
- Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch; Bealby, John Thomas (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). p. 816.
- (in Russian) Official website of Stavropol Krai
- (in Russian) Stavropol Krai News Portal Archived February 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine