Steve King
Steve King | |
---|---|
6th district | |
In office January 13, 1997 – January 2, 2003 | |
Preceded by | Wayne Bennett |
Succeeded by | Thurman Gaskill |
Personal details | |
Born | Steven Arnold King May 28, 1949 Storm Lake, Iowa, U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse |
Marilyn King (m. 1972) |
Children | 3 |
Education | Northwest Missouri State University |
Steven Arnold King (born May 28, 1949) is an American far-right politician and businessman who served as a U.S. representative from Iowa from 2003 to 2021. A member of the Republican Party, he represented Iowa's 5th congressional district until 2013 and the state's 4th congressional district from 2013 to 2021.
Born in 1949 in
King is an opponent of
For much of King's congressional tenure, Republican politicians and officials were silent about his rhetoric, and frequently sought his endorsement and campaigned with him because of his popularity with northwest Iowa's voters.
Personal life, education, and business career
King was born on May 28, 1949, in Storm Lake, Iowa,[11] the son of Mildred Lila (née Culler), a homemaker, and Emmett A. King, a state police dispatcher.[15] His father has Irish and German ancestry, and his mother has Welsh roots, as well as American ancestry going back to the colonial era.[15] His grandmother was a German immigrant.[16] King graduated in 1967 from Denison Community High School.[11][15][17] In 1972, he married Marilyn Kelly,[18] with whom he has three children. Though raised Methodist, King attends his wife's Catholic church, having converted 17 years after marrying her.[15] His son Jeff King, a consultant, has been active in his political campaigns.
King attended
Iowa State Senate (1997–2003)
In 1996, King was elected to
U.S. House of Representatives (2003–2021)
Elections
- 2002
In 2002, after
- 2004
King won reelection to a second term, defeating Democratic candidate Joyce Schulte, 63%–37%. He won all the counties in the district except Clarke.[28]
- 2006
In 2006, King won reelection to a third term, defeating Schulte again, 59%–36%. He won all the counties in the district except Clarke and Union.[29][30]
- 2008
King won reelection to a fourth term, defeating Democratic candidate Rob Hubler, 60%–37%. For the first time in his career he won all 32 counties in his district.[31][32]
- 2010
King won reelection to a fifth term, defeating Matt Campbell, 66%–32%. That was his highest percentage yet. King also won all 32 counties again.[33][34]
- 2012
Iowa lost a district as a result of the 2010 census. King's district was renumbered the 4th, and pushed well to the east, absorbing Mason City and Ames. This placed King and his predecessor, Latham, in the same district. Latham opted to move to the reconfigured 3rd District to challenge Democratic incumbent Leonard Boswell. The reconfigured district was, at least on paper, much more competitive than King's old district. The old 5th had a Cook Partisan Voting Index of R+9, while the new 4th had a PVI of R+4. The new 4th was also mostly new to King; he retained only 45% of his former territory. It closely resembled the territory that Latham had represented from 1995 to 2003.
Soon afterward, former Iowa first lady Christie Vilsack, the wife of former governor and then current U.S. agriculture secretary Tom Vilsack, announced she was moving to the new 4th to challenge King. King received the endorsement of Mitt Romney, who said, "I'm looking here at Steve King because this man needs to be your congressman again. I want him as my partner in Washington, D.C."[35] King won reelection to a sixth term, defeating Vilsack 53%–45%. King won all but seven counties, none of which he had previously represented: Webster, Boone, Story, Chickasaw, Floyd, Cerro Gordo, and Winnebago.[36][37] King later said of his 2012 victory, "I faced $7 million, the best of everything Democrats can throw at me, their dream candidate and everything that can come from the Obama machine, and prevailed through all of that with 55 percent of my district that was new."[38]
- 2014
On May 3, 2013, King announced that he would not run for the
King won reelection with 61.6% of the vote, defeating Democratic candidate Jim Mowrer.[40]
- 2016
King won reelection, receiving 61.2% of the vote to Democratic nominee Kim Weaver's 38.6%.[41]
- 2018
King faced his closest race to date in 2018, receiving 50.4% of the vote to 47% for Democratic nominee J. D. Scholten; Libertarian candidate Charles Aldrich received 2%.[42] King likely prevailed due to Governor Kim Reynolds carrying the district with almost 61 percent of the vote in her bid for a full term.[43] Turnout was down from the 2016 election; 370,259 voted in 2016, compared to 313,251 in 2018.[citation needed]
It was the closest a Democrat has come to winning what is now the 4th since Berkley Bedell left office in what was then the 6th District in 1986. That year, Republican Fred Grandy won with only 50.1 percent of the vote.[44] Since then, the only other time a Republican has not won election by double digits in this district (which became the 5th in 1993 and the 4th in 2013) was King's 2012 race against Vilsack.[citation needed]
- 2020
In the wake of being stripped of his committee seats, King faced a credible primary challenger in State Senator Randy Feenstra, who represented much of the district's northwest portion. Feenstra outraised King by a significant margin.[43] Ultimately, King lost to Feenstra, taking 36.7 percent of the vote to Feenstra's 45.7 percent.[45]
Tenure
King is considered an outspoken fiscal and social conservative. After winning the 2002 Republican nomination, he said that he intended to use his seat in Congress to "move the political center of gravity in Congress to the right."[46] During the 110th Congress, King voted with the majority of the Republican Party 90.9% of the time.[47] He has continuously voted for Iraq War legislation, supported surge[clarification needed] efforts and opposed a time table for troop withdrawals. During the 112th United States Congress King was one of 40 "staunch" members of the Republican Study Committee who frequently voted against Republican party leadership and vocally expressed displeasure with House bills.[48] In August 2015, King was named the least effective member of Congress by InsideGov due to his persistent failures to get legislation out of committee.[49] On December 18, 2019, King voted against both articles of impeachment against Trump, as did all 195 Republicans who voted.
Committee assignments
King served on the Judiciary, Agriculture, and Small Business Committees until January 14, 2019, when he was removed from all committee assignments after bipartisan condemnation of his remarks on white supremacy.[50]
Caucus memberships
- Republican Study Committee[51]
- Tea Party Caucus
- Congressional Constitution Caucus[52]
- Congressional Western Caucus[53]
Political positions
Abortion
King opposes abortion.
After Todd Akin made a controversial statement about "legitimate rape" on August 19, 2012, King came to his defense, characterizing the critical response as "petty personal attacks" and calling Akin a "strong Christian man".[57][58] King said that Akin's voting record should be more important than his words.[59][60][61] Six months later, King's defense of Akin (who lost his race) was seen as politically damaging by Steven J. Law of the Conservative Victory Project, a group including Karl Rove that was working to discourage conservative candidates they deemed unelectable, to enable more viable conservative candidates to gain office. Law said, "We're concerned about Steve King's Todd Akin problem."[62][63]
King sponsored legislation to ban abortion of a fetus that has a detectable heartbeat, which can in some cases occur as early as 6 weeks (before many women know they are pregnant). A physician who performs a prohibited abortion would be subject to a fine, up to five years in prison, or both. A woman who undergoes a prohibited abortion could not be prosecuted for violating the provisions of this bill.[64]
In August 2019, while defending his opposition to abortion in cases of rape or incest, King asked, "What if we went back through all the family trees and just pulled out anyone who was a product of rape or incest? Would there be any population of the world left if we did that?"[65][66] Iowa State Senator Randy Feenstra, who went on to defeat King in the 2020 Republican primary, tweeted: "I am 100% pro-life but Steve King's bizarre comments and behavior diminish our message & damage our cause".[67] Wyoming representative Liz Cheney called King's comments "appalling and bizarre" and called for his resignation.[68] King's comments were also criticized by Steve Scalise, Kevin McCarthy, Donald Trump, and Elise Jordan.[69][70]
Animal rights
In February 2010, King
In July 2012, King opposed the McGovern Amendment (to the 2012
On September 24, 2010, comedian
In July 2012, King introduced an amendment to the House Farm Bill that would legalize previously banned
In May 2013, King introduced another amendment to the House Farm Bill, the Protect Interstate Commerce Act (PICA), saying, "PICA blocks states from requiring 'free range' eggs or 'free range' pork."[82] In 2014, the controversial provision was dropped.[83]
Climate change
King has dismissed concern over
Elections
King endorsed Ted Cruz in the 2016 Republican presidential primaries, saying Cruz was the "answer to my prayers".[88] He endorsed and strongly supported Donald Trump after Trump won the nomination.[89][90]
In December 2020, King was one of 126 Republican members of the
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi issued a statement that called signing the amicus brief an act of "election subversion." Additionally, Pelosi reprimanded King and the other House members who supported the lawsuit: "The 126 Republican Members that signed onto this lawsuit brought dishonor to the House. Instead of upholding their oath to support and defend the Constitution, they chose to subvert the Constitution and undermine public trust in our sacred democratic institutions."[95][96] New Jersey Representative Bill Pascrell, citing section three of the 14th Amendment, called for Pelosi to not seat the other Republicans who signed the brief supporting the suit. Pascrell argued that "the text of the 14th Amendment expressly forbids Members of Congress from engaging in rebellion against the United States. Trying to overturn a democratic election and install a dictator seems like a pretty clear example of that."[97]
Fiscal policy
Objecting to "taxpayer-funded subsidies, pet projects and added bureaucracy", King voted against
Gun rights
King opposes stricter regulations on gun ownership.
Healthcare
King is a staunch opponent of the
In January 2017, King said that in the wake of the
LGBT rights
On April 3, 2009, the Iowa Supreme Court ruled in
On October 7, 2014, King was one of 19 members of Congress inducted into the LGBT civil rights advocacy group Human Rights Campaign's "Hall of Shame" for his opposition to LGBT equality.[115][116]
In response to the Supreme Court's 2015 decision Obergefell v. Hodges, in which the court ruled that same-sex marriage is a constitutionally protected right, King called for a non-binding resolution saying that states may refuse to recognize the decision.[117][118] He has also called for the abolition of civil marriage.[119][120] On May 17, 2019, King was one of 173 representatives to vote against the Equality Act.[121]
Lobbying
On February 26, 2010, King went to the House floor to protest Democrats' handling of health care reform and said, "Lobbyists do a very effective and useful job on this Hill ... There's a credibility there in that arena that I think somebody needs to stand up for the lobby, and it is a matter of providing a lot of valuable information."[122]
Immigration
King voted against the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020 which authorizes DHS to nearly double the available H-2B visas for the remainder of FY 2020.[123][124]
King voted against Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R. 1158) which effectively prohibits ICE from cooperating with Health and Human Services to detain or remove illegal alien sponsors of unaccompanied alien children (UACs).[125]
King is a proponent of the Great Replacement theory, the theory states that the white population is being replaced by mass non-white immigrants.[126][127]
Controversial comments
The Washington Post has described King as "the U.S. congressman most openly affiliated with white nationalism", while Vanity Fair has said his opinions in this direction are "barely veiled".[1][128] David Leonhardt in an opinion piece for The New York Times has explicitly identified King as being a "white nationalist".[129] King has stirred controversy and come to prominence by making statements that have been described as racist[5][11][130][131][132][133][134] or racially charged.[6][7][135][136][137] He is a staunch opponent of immigration and multiculturalism, and has supported far-right European politicians. According to The Guardian, King "has long been one of the most vociferously anti-immigration members of the House Republican caucus."[138] King has said that he is not a racist.[11]
In October 2018, the chairman of the National Republican Congressional Committee, Steve Stivers, condemned King as a racist, saying that King's actions and comments were "completely inappropriate" and constituted "white supremacy and hate."[139] The NRCC said it would not help King in his 2018 re-election efforts.[10] Representative Carlos Curbelo described King's comments and actions as "disgusting" and said that he would never vote for someone like King.[140] Senator Ted Cruz called King's rhetoric "divisive" but stopped short of condemning him.[139] Other Republicans, such as House Agriculture Committee Chairman Mike Conaway, dismissed the idea that King is racist.[139]
In a January 2019 interview with The New York Times, King asked, "White nationalist, white supremacist, Western civilization—how did that language become offensive?" He also said of the large increase in representation of minorities and women in the new Democrat-controlled House: "You could look over there and think the Democratic Party is no country for white men."
Immigration and multiculturalism
King is a staunch opponent of immigration and multiculturalism.[11][152][153]
In April 2006, when asked if "the US economy simply couldn't function without" the presence of illegal immigrants, King said that he rejected that position "categorically". He said the 77.5 million people between the ages of 16 and 65 in the United States who are not part of the workforce "could be put to work and we could invent machines to replace the rest."[154] In 2006, King called for an electrified fence on the US border, commenting that such fences were successful in containing livestock.[106]
In July 2013, speaking about proposed immigration legislation, King said of illegal immigrants: "For every one who's a valedictorian, there's another 100 out there who weigh 130 pounds—and they've got calves the size of
In July 2015, referencing HUD secretary Julián Castro's remarks on how poorly the Republican Party was doing with Hispanic voters, King responded, "What does Julian [sic] Castro know? Does he know that I'm as Hispanic and Latino as he?"[158][159] King is neither Hispanic nor Latino by either family history or ethnic definition.[160]
In 2016, a journalist for the Iowa Starting Line reported that King displayed the
In March 2017, King wrote "culture and demographics are our destiny. We can't restore our civilization with somebody else's babies." When asked about his comments, King stood by them, saying: "you need to teach your children your values" and "with the inter-marriage, I'd like to see an America that is just so homogenous that we look a lot the same".
In July 2017, the
On November 5, 2018, King referred to Mexican immigrants as "dirt" while at a campaign stop. The Weekly Standard reported the comment;[168] King denied saying it and called on The Weekly Standard to release audio of the remarks.[169] The Weekly Standard then released a recording of the exchange, confirming that King had made the remarks.[168] In May 2019, King warned against "presuming that every culture is equal".[170] On September 4, 2019, King posted a video of himself drinking water from water fountains over toilets at migrant facilities.[171] Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez criticized the GOP as "anti-immigrant" following the video.[172]
President Barack Obama
On March 7, 2008, during his press engagements to announce his reelection campaign, King made remarks about then U.S. senator and Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama and his middle name "Hussein", saying:
I don't want to disparage anyone because of their race, their ethnicity, their name—whatever their religion their father might have been, I'll just say this: When you think about the optics of a Barack Obama potentially getting elected President of the United States—I mean, what does this look like to the rest of the world? What does it look like to the world of Islam? I will tell you that, if he is elected president, then the radical Islamists, the
al-Qaida, the radical Islamists and their supporters, will be dancing in the streets in greater numbers than they did on September 11.[173]
On March 10, King defended his comments to the Associated Press, saying "[Obama will] certainly be viewed as a savior for them... That's why you will see them supporting him, encouraging him."[174]
Obama said he did not take the comments too seriously, describing King as a person who thrives on making controversial statements to get media coverage. He said, "I would hope [Obama's opponent] Senator [John] McCain would want to distance himself from that kind of inflammatory and offensive remarks." The McCain campaign disavowed King's comments, saying "John McCain rejects the type of politics that degrades our civics... and obviously that extends to Congressman King's statement."[174]
In mid-January 2009, King acknowledged that terrorists were not dancing in the streets, and had made statements opposing Obama. He said he found Obama's decision to use his middle name "Hussein" when sworn in as the
In 2010, King speculated that Obama's immigration policies were influenced by racial favoritism toward black people.[106]
In February 2020 on Twitter, King insinuated former DHS official Philip Haney had been murdered as a reprisal for "archiving data that incriminated the highest levels of the Obama administration".[176]
Racial profiling
On June 14, 2010, King said on the House floor that racial profiling is an important component of law enforcement: "Some claim that the Arizona law will bring about racial discrimination profiling. First let me say, Mr. Speaker, that profiling has always been an important component of legitimate law enforcement. If you can't profile someone, you can't use those common sense indicators that are before your very eyes. Now, I think it's wrong to use racial profiling for the reasons of discriminating against people, but it's not wrong to use race or other indicators for the sake of identifying people that are violating the law."[177] As an example of profiling, King described an instance when a taxi driver would stop for him before he had to hail a cab, just because he was in a business suit.[178]
The same day, on G. Gordon Liddy's radio program, King said that Obama's policies favored black people: "The president has demonstrated that he has a default mechanism in him that breaks down the side of race—on the side that favors the black person in the case of Professor Gates and Officer Crowley."[179] On January 13, 2018, King tweeted that racial oppression was a "thing of the past".[180]
Comments on Western civilization
On July 18, 2016, King participated in a panel discussion on
Attitudes towards Muslims
In September 2014, King called for the
Abuse at Abu Ghraib prison
In May 2004, King compared the torture and prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib prison to "hazing".[195][196] He argued that violence against American soldiers in Iraq was more extreme than the prisoner abuse, saying that comparing the two was like comparing the crimes "committed by Jeffrey Dahmer compared to those of Heidi Fleiss",[197] and that "if Tom Harkin and his Democrat allies want to continue to act like political cannibals and pitch partisan hooey to anyone who'll listen, then they're eating their own."[198]
Affirmative action
King opposes affirmative action. He has said: "There's been legislation that's been brought through this House that sets aside benefits for women and minorities. The only people that it excludes are white men... Pretty soon, white men are going to notice they are the ones being excluded."[199] In 2015, King introduced a bill that would require colleges to report affirmative action.[200]
Support for far-right politics
On March 12, 2017, King expressed his support for
King supported French right-wing populist politician, leader of the
King supported
In June 2018, he retweeted a comment by
On August 24, 2018, King was interviewed by the Austrian website
King also endorsed right-wing Canadian political commentator Faith Goldy in the 2018 Toronto mayoral election. Goldy participated in a neo-Nazi podcast and has been described as far-right or alt-right.[10][209][210] In response to the Goldy endorsement, and King's other racially contentious remarks, Minnesota-based agricultural cooperative Land O'Lakes ended its support for his reelection.[211]
In February 2021, after he left office, it was announced that he would be a speaker at Nick Fuentes' America First Political Action Conference.[212][213]
White genocide
King subscribes to the white genocide conspiracy theory, and has stated this view while in Congress.[214][215][216] Mother Jones and other media have reported more generally on his belief in and promotion of the conspiracy theory.[217][218][219] In 2018, King spoke to an Austrian far-right publication about "the great replacement", which The New York Times described as "a conspiracy theory on the far right that claims shadowy elites are working behind the scenes to reduce white populations to minorities in their own countries."[11] The theory gained notoriety after the alleged perpetrator of the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings titled his manifesto after it.[220]
Antisemitism controversy in 2018
In late October 2018, after the
Post-political career
After King's loss in the 2020 Republican primary in Iowa's 4th Congressional district, he wrote a book giving his account of what happened and travelled for several months to promote it. The book is entitled Walking Through the Fire: My Fight for the Heart and Soul of America.[224] It was put out by Fidelis Publishing, known for publishing Christian and Conservative books. King says he was motivated to write lest "the media and the elitists in the Republican Party write a political epitaph" for him.[224] The book maintains that freedom of speech is being undermined and that the Democratic party is weaponizing terms like "white nationalist" and "white supremacist".[224] King claims his attempts to warn America about this was why he lost his party's support "I'm trying to tell America, and what do they [Republican leadership] do? Politically assassinate me for trying to let them know what's happening to all of us."[224]
He told the Des Moines Register that while he currently had no plans to return to politics, he would if there was a "groundswell".[224] He went on to say, "I don't see that at this point. But I do see a lot of support, and we've got a lot of policies and causes that we need to push. We've got state conventions coming up and a platform to be shaped."[224]
King has campaigned against carbon-capture pipelines; at an August 2023 event cosponsored by the John Birch Society, he criticized the use of eminent domain and financial motivations behind the pipelines.[225]
In December 2023, King campaigned with 2024 presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy at an event in Lakeside, Iowa, but stopped short of endorsing him.[226] In January 2024, he gave a full endorsement of him.[227]
References
- ^ a b c Zauzmer, Julie (October 28, 2018). "Following the Pittsburgh attack, Rep. Steve King's Iowa supporters brush aside concern about his white nationalist views". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 5, 2018. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ a b Gabriel, Trip (January 15, 2019). "A Timeline of Steve King's Racist Remarks and Divisive Actions". The New York Times. New York City. Archived from the original on January 16, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
- ^ a b Gabriel, Trip; Martin, Jonathan; Fandos, Nicholas (January 14, 2019). "Steve King Removed From Committee Assignments Over White Supremacy Remark". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 15, 2019. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
- ^ Bradner, Eric (October 30, 2018). "House GOP campaign chief blasts Iowa Rep. Steve King's 'white supremacy and hate'". CNN. Archived from the original on January 17, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
- ^ a b "How Would Trump's Immigration Crackdown Have Affected His Own Team?". Politico. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
Republican Congressman Steve King of Iowa has become notorious for making thinly veiled racist pronouncements about the threats of immigration
- ^ a b "Rep. Steve King: U.S. doesn't need 'somebody else's babies'". PBS NewsHour. March 13, 2017. Archived from the original on August 3, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
King is known for making racially charged commentary
- ^ a b "A GOP congressman retweeted a self-described 'Nazi sympathizer.' His party did not rebuke him". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 26, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
King, whose racially inflected comments on subjects such as immigration and Western culture have drawn headlines for years
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link). Sioux City Journal, June 30, 2002. - ^ "Votes Database – Steve King". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 24, 2008. Retrieved October 11, 2008.
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- ^ Gabriel, Trip; Martin, Jonathan; Fandos, Nicholas (January 14, 2019). "Steve King Removed From Committee Assignments Over White Supremacy Remark". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 6, 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
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Liz Cheney: Today's comments by @RepSteveKingIA are appalling and bizarre. As I've said before, it's time for him to go. The people of Iowa's 4th congressional district deserve better.
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In Mr. King's case, his eight-term incumbency and his own history of racist comments
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Steve King has always made a habit of speaking his mind, and quite frequently his mind has been controversial, blatantly false, or outright racist.
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Rep. Steve King, the brash Republican whose penchant for shocking, racist comments has made him a staple of cable news
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Rep. Steve King's latest racist remarks are far from his first
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King has a history of not-so-subtly racist comments.
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Iowa Republican Rep. Steve King, who has a history of controversial statements on immigration and race
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King is well known for his comments that many Latinos and immigrants have regarded as at least insulting and to some as racist or bigoted.
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King is known for making racially inflammatory remarks
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- ^ a b c Gillman, Todd J. (October 31, 2018). "Ted Cruz calls Steve King support of white supremacists 'divisive,' stops short of condemning him". The Dallas Morning News. Dallas, TX. Archived from the original on October 31, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2018.
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- ^ "House votes 416-1 to rebuke Steve King's comments on white supremacy; Illinois' Bobby Rush lone no vote". Chicago Tribune. January 15, 2019.
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In Mr. King's case, his eight-term incumbency and his own history of racist comments
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Whereas on July 24, 2014, in an interview with Newsmax discussing undocumented immigrants in the United States, Representative KING stated, For everyone who's a valedictorian, there's another 100 out there who weigh 130 pounds—and they've got calves the size of cantaloupes because they're hauling 75 pounds of marijuana across the desert.;
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Steve King: "I admire Bernie's passion and I notice that his immigration position is closer to mine than it is some of the presidential candidates on the Republican side. He's said 'Let's take care of American workers.' I'm all for that."
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- ^ a b "Rep. Steve King Denied Comparing Immigrants To 'Dirt' — Audio Says Otherwise". NPR. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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Steve King: The oppression of black people is over with… blacks are, today, a free people
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Rep. Steve King (R-Iowa) said Friday that he doesn't want Somali Muslims working at meat-packing plants in his district because they want consumers of pork to be sent to hell.
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Steve King: The dismembered and charred corpses of American contractors dangling over the Euphrates River in comparison to the abuse committed by a few soldiers at Abu Ghraib are like the crimes of Jeffrey Dahmer compared to those of Heidi Fleiss.
- ^ "Michelle Bachmann and Steve King, Worst Persons [UPDATED]". Daily Kos. 2laneIA. October 20, 2008.
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- ^ a b "Rep. Steve King meets with far-right French extremist Le Pen, tweets about their 'shared values'". Daily Kos. February 13, 2017.
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- ^ "'It is a war' on CO2 pipelines, King says". The N'West Iowa REVIEW. August 1, 2023. Retrieved September 5, 2023.
- ^ "Vivek Ramaswamy campaigns with former congressman with history of racist remarks". NBC News. December 14, 2023.
- ^ Wren, Adam (January 2, 2024). "Former Iowa Rep. Steve King endorses Vivek Ramaswamy for president". POLITICO. Retrieved January 3, 2024.