Streptokinase
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.667 | | |
Chemical and physical data | ||
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Formula | C2100H3278N566O669S4 | |
Molar mass | 47286.86 g·mol−1 |
Streptokinase is a
Side effects include nausea, bleeding,
Streptokinase was discovered in 1933 from
Medical uses
If
Contraindications
Absolute
- Any prior intracranial hemorrhage
- Known structural cerebral vascular lesion (e.g., arteriovenous malformation)
- Known cancer inside the skull (primary or metastatic)
- Ischemic stroke more than 4.5 hours and less than 3 months ago
- Suspected aortic dissection
- Active bleeding or bleeding problem other than menstruation
- Significant closed-head or facial trauma within 3 months
- Intracranial or intraspinal surgery within 2 months
- Severe uncontrolled high blood pressure(unresponsive to emergency therapy)
- For streptokinase, prior treatment within the previous 6 months
Relative
- History of chronic, severe, poorly controlled hypertension
- Significant hypertension on presentation (SBP >180 mm Hg or DBP >110 mm Hg)
- History of prior ischemic stroke more than 3 month ago
- Dementia
- Known intracranial pathology not covered in absolute contraindications
- Traumatic or prolonged (>10 min) CPR
- Major surgery less than three weeks ago
- Recent (within 2 to 4 wk) internal bleeding
- Noncompressible vascular punctures
- Active peptic ulcer
- Oral anticoagulant therapy
Mechanism of action
Streptokinase C | |||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||
Organism | |||||||
Symbol | skc | ||||||
UniProt | P00779 | ||||||
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Staphylokinase/Streptokinase family | |||||||||||
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Streptokinase belongs to a group of medications known as
Plasmin is produced in the
Biology
Streptokinase is naturally produced by Streptococci spp. bacteria, which use this enzyme to break up blood clots so that they can spread from the initial site of infection. It can also activate fibrin.[15]
It is similar, both in function and in structure, to staphylokinase (Sak) found in Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylokinase is considered a virulence factor,[16] although its presence after the establishment of infection actually decreases disease severity. Both enzymes are carried by phages.[17]
History
After many years of work along with his student Sol Sherry,
Research
Streptokinase may find a use in helping to prevent
Marketing
It is marketed in Chile as Streptase by Alpes Selection, under license of CSL Behring Germany.
Available in Vietnam under the name Mutose. Available in Cuba, Venezuela, Ecuador and other Latin American countries under the trademark Heberkinasa, commercialized by Heber Biotech, Havana, Cuba. Available in India under the name STPase by Cadila Pharmaceuticals, and Myokinase by Biocon Limited.
References
- PMID 31360331.
- ^ ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ a b "Streptokinase 1,500,000 iu - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. 1 July 2015. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
- ^ "Streptokinase Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
- ^ PMID 17948083.
- hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "streptokinase (Intravenous route, Intracoronary route)". Truven Health Analytics. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 28 November 2015.
- PMID 23247304.
- S2CID 32914387.
- PMID 12704199.
- PMID 9446629.
- PMID 11724583.
- PMID 10213631.
- PMID 9733510.
- PMID 7565010.
- PMID 16111912.
- PMID 23801604.
- S2CID 37453555.
External links
- "Streptokinase". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.