Structure fire

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
A structure fire in Massueville, Canada

A structure fire is a fire involving the structural components of various types of residential, commercial or industrial

commercial buildings ranging from offices to shopping malls. This is in contrast to "room and contents" fires, chimney fires, vehicle fires, wildfires
or other outdoor fires.

Structure fires typically have a similar response from the

engines, ladder trucks, rescue squads, chief officers, and an EMS
unit, each of which will have specific initial assignments. The actual response and assignments will vary between fire departments.

It is not unusual for some fire departments to have a pre-determined mobilization plan for when a fire incident is reported in certain structures in their area. This plan may include mobilizing the nearest aerial firefighting vehicle to a tower block, or a

foam-carrying vehicle to structures known to contain certain hazardous chemicals
.

Types (United States)

In the United States, according to NFPA, structures are divided into five construction types based on the severity of the fire hazard:

Type I: Fire Resistive Typically used in high-rises. The material comprising the structure is either inherently able to withstand significant exposure to fire (concrete), or in which a fire resistive covering is applied to steel structural members.
Type II: Non-combustible Typically used in strip shopping center malls. Roofs are constructed out of steel rafters.
Type III: Ordinary construction
rowhouses
are where this type of construction is most often found.
Type IV: Heavy
timber
Often used in churches or other community-based buildings.
Type V: Wood frame Typically used in recent construction of single-family dwellings, townhouses, garden apartments with four floors or less.
  • Remains of a structure fire on Cotton Avenue, Macon, Georgia, US. c.โ€‰1876
    Remains of a structure fire on Cotton Avenue, Macon, Georgia, US. c. 1876
  • A burned house
    A burned house

Causes of house fires

In a recent study, conducted by American Survey CO, for the period of 2005โ€“2010, the causes of house fires across America were as follows:

  • Appliances and electrical (stoves, microwaves, toasters, radiators, various heating systems, small appliances) - approximately 47%
  • Gas leaks - around 5-7%
  • Open flames (candles, fireplaces) - approximately 32%
  • Children playing with matches - Around 10%
  • Spreading of fires from house to house - approximately 3%

See also

External links