Sub-lieutenant
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Junior officers |
Sub-lieutenant is usually a junior officer rank, used in armies, navies and air forces.
In most armies, sub-lieutenant is the lowest
As a naval rank, a sub-lieutenant ranks below a lieutenant.
Armies and air force rank
In France, a sub-lieutenant (sous-lieutenant) is the junior commissioned officer in the army or the air force. He wears a band in the colour of his corps (e.g. gold for infantry, silver for armoured cavalry, etc.). During the 18th century a rank of sous-lieutenant de vaisseau existed in the French Navy. It was the equivalent of the master's mate rank of the Royal Navy. It is now replaced by the rank of "first ensign" (enseigne de vaisseau de première classe).
An Argentinian sub-lieutenant wears a single silver sun on each shoulder, Brazilian sub-lieutenants are the most senior non-commissioned rank (called
The
Army insignia
Air force insignia
The examples and perspective in this section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (November 2022) |
In the British Royal Navy, a
By the first years of the 19th century, the prefix "master's" was dropped for passed midshipmen, to distinguish them from master's mates in the navigator's branch.[6] In 1824 two further grades were also introduced, consisting of master's assistants and second-class volunteers. These corresponded to midshipmen and first-class volunteers respectively in the executive line. From this point, passed midshipmen had the rating master's mate, abbreviated as mate, and prospective masters had the rating master's assistant. These changes helped eliminate the confusion caused by the mingling of midshipmen in the navigator's branch.[8]
In 1861 the rank of mate was renamed sub-lieutenant.[6]
Modern practice
In the modern Royal Navy, all
In the Royal Canadian Navy, all undergoing basic officer training join as
Use
In the Royal Navy, the
The insignia of sub-lieutenants in most commonwealth countries are identical to the
In the Royal Canadian Navy, acting sub-lieutenants display one medium stripe. A sub-lieutenant adds a narrow stripe below the medium stripe to maintain the executive curl on the top. The equivalent air force lieutenant rank has the narrow stripe above the medium stripe since these elements do not need to maintain spacing on top due to the lack of an executive curl; the Royal Canadian Navy followed this pattern before the addition of the curl in 2010.
Gallery
Acting sub-lieutenant
In 1955, the Royal Navy created the rank of
Before its abolition, the rank of acting sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy corresponded with, but was junior to, the ranks of lieutenant (Army) and flying officer (RAF).
In many Commonwealth navies (e.g. Canada and Australia), the rank of acting sub-lieutenant still exists as a commissioned rank equivalent to second lieutenant, while the rank of sub-lieutenant is equivalent to that of an army lieutenant. As the term "
The Royal New Zealand Navy, Republic of Fiji Navy and South African Navy follows the US precedent in titling its lowest commissioned officer ensign.
In the
See also
- Comparative military ranks
- Lieutenant (junior grade), as in the United States Navy
References
- ^ "Ranks". mdn.dz. Ministry of National Defence (Algeria). Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- ^ "Postos do Exército". faa.ao (in Portuguese). Angolan Army. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ "LOI N° 2005-43 DU 26 JUIN 2006" (PDF). ilo.org (in French). National Assembly (Benin). 26 June 2006. pp. 19–20, 35–36. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
- Angolan Air Force. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- Royal Naval Museum. Archivedfrom the original on 11 October 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2009.
- ^ a b c Walker 1938, p. 188.
- ^ Lewis 1960, p. 146, 197.
- ^ a b Lewis 1939, p. 212, 230.
- ^ "Ranks and appointment". canada.ca. Government of Canada. 23 November 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
- ^ "BR3, Ch102 – Maritime Reserves Personnel Management" (PDF). Royal Navy Books of Reference. Royal Navy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
- ^ "BR3, Ch 110 – The University Royal Naval Units and Cadet Forces" (PDF). Royal Navy Books of Reference. Royal Navy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
Sources
- Lavery, Brian (1989). Nelson's Navy: The Ships, Men and Organization. Annapolis, Md: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-258-3.
- OCLC 1084558.
- Walker, C.F. (1938). Young Gentlemen: The Story of Midshipmen from the XVIIth Century to the Present Day. London: Longmans, Green. OCLC 2936648.