Subthalamus
| Subthalamus | |
|---|---|
 Coronal slices of human brain showing the basal ganglia, subthalamic nucleus (STN) and substantia nigra (SN). STN is in subthalamus; SN is not. | |
| Identifiers | |
| MeSH | D020530 |
| NeuroNames | 434 |
| NeuroLex ID | birnlex_708 |
| TA98 | A14.1.08.201 A14.1.08.701 |
| TA2 | 5708 |
| FMA | 62010 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
The subthalamus or prethalamus is a part of the
telencephalon.[2]
Structure
The subthalamus is located ventral to the thalamus, medial to the internal capsule and lateral to the hypothalamus. It is a region formed by several grey matter nuclei and their associated white matter structures, namely:[3]
- The glutamate and have excitatory effects over neurons of globus pallidus and substantia nigra
- Zona incerta, located between fields of Forel H1 and H2. It is continuous with the thalamic reticular nucleus and receives input from the precentral cortex.
- Subthalamic fasciculus, formed by fibers that connect the globus pallidus with the subthalamic nucleus
- Fields of Forel
- Ansa lenticularis
During development the subthalamus is continuous with the hypothalamus, but is separated by white matter fibres mainly from the internal capsule. Caudally, the subthalamus or prethalamus is separated from the thalamus by the zona limitans intrathalamica.[citation needed]
Postnatally, the subthalamus lies beneath the thalamus, hence 'sub' (meaning below) 'thalamus'. It also lies dorsolateral to the hypothalamus.
Connections
The subthalamus develops
afferent
(input) connections from the substantia nigra and striatum.
See also
References
- ^ "subthalamus". Archived from the original on November 26, 2007.
- ISBN 9781588904416.
- ISBN 978-0683014570.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Subthalamus.
