Succade
Type | Confectionery |
---|---|
Main ingredients | Candied peel of citrus |
Succade is the candied peel of any of the citrus species, especially from the citron or Citrus medica which is distinct with its extra-thick peel; in addition, the taste of the inner rind of the citron is less bitter than those of the other citrus.[1] However, the term is also occasionally applied to the peel, root,[2] or even entire fruit or vegetable like parsley, fennel[3] and cucurbita[4] which have a bitter taste and are boiled with sugar to get a special "sweet and sour" outcome.[5]
Fruits which are commonly candied also include dates,[6] cherries, pineapple, ginger,[7] and the rind of watermelon.[8]
Name
The word succade is most probably derived from the
While the word Succade was widely used in German,[11] today it is usually called Zitronat. The French called it fruit glacé or fruit confit , and is also known as candied fruit or crystallized fruit. It has been around since the 14th century.[citation needed]
Production
The citron fruits are halved, depulped, immersed in seawater or ordinary salt water to ferment for about 40 days, the brine being changed every two weeks; rinsed, and put in denser brine in wooden barrels for storage and for export. After partial de-salting and boiling to soften the peel, it is candied in a strong sugar solution. The candied peel is sun-dried or put up in jars for future use. Candying is traditionally done in Livorno, Italy, where they gathered the Corsican citrons from Corsica, the Diamante citrons from Liguria, Naples, Calabria and Sicily, and the Greek citron from Greece through Trieste.[12][13]
The continual process of drenching the fruit in syrup causes the fruit to become saturated with sugar, thereby preventing the growth of spoilage microorganisms.[14]
In the
Uses
Succade is sometimes used in
Recipes
Recipes vary from region to region, but the general principle is to boil the fruit, steep it in increasingly strong sugar solutions for a number of weeks, and then dry off any remaining water.[citation needed]
The high sugar content of finished glacé fruits inhibits the growth of microorganisms, and glacé fruits will keep for a number of years without any additional methods of preservation.[citation needed]
Fruits that hold up well to being preserved in this manner include cherries, plums, peaches, apricots, pears, starfruit, pineapple, apples, oranges, lemons, limes and clementines. Angelica is rarely seen in Western cooking except as a glacé fruit.[citation needed]
See also
- Candied fruit – Fruit preserved with sugar
- Chenpi – Traditional Chinese seasoning and medicine
- Fruit anatomy– Internal makeup of fruits
- Mincemeat – Mixture of dried fruit, spices, and fat
- Sukade – Species of citrus plant
Notes
- ISBN 9783540222798.
- ^ Boorde, Andrew (1870). "The Fyrst Boke of the Introduction of Knowledge Made by Andrew Borde, of ..."
- ISBN 9781402196690.
- ISBN 9785885335935.
- ^ Publications
- The Encyclopædia Britannica
- Pharmaceutical Journal By Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain
- Select Extra-tropical Plants Readily Eligible for Industrial Culture Or ...
- The Life and Letters of Gilbert White of Selborne By Rashleigh Holt-White
- The Book of Marmalade: Its Antecedents, Its History, and Its Role in the ... By C. Anne Wilson
- The Queen of Subtleties By Suzannah Dunn.
- ^ Simmonds, Peter Lund (1858). "The dictionary of trade products, manufacturing, and technical terms".
- ^ Answers.com — candied fruit; candied flowers. Retrieved on 2008-01-06.
- ^ Isgro Pasticceria Archived 2008-11-21 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Hemme, Adolf (1904). "Das lateinische Sprachmaterial im Wortschatze der deutschen, französischen ..."
- ^ Gernot Katzer. "Spice Pages: Lemon (Citrus limon)". gernot-katzers-spice-pages.com.
- ^ "A New English-German and German-English Dictionary: German and English". 1834.
- ^ Citron Leaves book
- The Cultivated Oranges and Lemons
- Daily Consular book
- The Pharmaceutical Journal-Consular report
- The Gardeners Chronicle
- Biennial Report
- Report Google Books
- Parliamentary Papers
- The Dublin REview
- Monthly Consular
- Bulletin Victoria
- Science
- Parliamentary Papers
- Citrus Fruits
- The Purdue University
- The Citron in Crete Archived 2012-11-28 at the Wayback Machine
- Vine Tree Orchards
- ^ "Food, Facts, and Trivia — Candied Fruit". Retrieved 20 August 2012.
- ^ "Britannica Online Encyclopedia — Candied Fruit". Retrieved 23 November 2007.
- ^ "Geheimsache Süßtafel". Der Spiegel (in German). 22 April 1991. Retrieved 1 April 2018.