Suffolk County, New York
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Suffolk County (/ˈsʌfək/) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of New York. It is bordered to its west by Nassau County, to its east by Gardiners Bay and the Atlantic Ocean, to its north by Long Island Sound, and to its south by Great South Bay. The county is part of the Long Island region of the state, of which it comprises the eastern two-thirds.
As of the
Suffolk County incorporates the easternmost extreme of the
Like other
History
Suffolk County was part of the
During the American Revolutionary War, Great Britain occupied Suffolk County after the retreat of George Washington's forces in the Battle of Long Island,[6] and the county remained under occupation until the British evacuation of New York on November 25, 1783.[7]
According to the Suffolk County website, the county is the leading agricultural county in the state of New York, saying that: "The weather is temperate, clean water is abundant, and the soil is so good that Suffolk is the leading agricultural county in New York State. That Suffolk is still number one in farming, even with the development that has taken place, is a tribute to thoughtful planning, along with the excellent soil, favorable weather conditions, and the work of the dedicated farmers in this region."[8]
Geography
According to the
Suffolk County occupies the central and eastern part of Long Island, in the extreme east of the State of New York. The eastern end of the county splits into two
The highest elevation in the county, and on Long Island as a whole, is Jayne's Hill in West Hills, at 401 feet (122 m) above sea level. This low lying-geography means that much of the county is vulnerable to sea level rise.[5]
Climate
Suffolk County sits at the convergence of climate zones including the
Climate data for Montauk, New York (1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 38.1 (3.4) |
40.1 (4.5) |
45.6 (7.6) |
54.5 (12.5) |
64.2 (17.9) |
73.3 (22.9) |
79.3 (26.3) |
78.9 (26.1) |
71.9 (22.2) |
62.6 (17.0) |
53.0 (11.7) |
43.6 (6.4) |
58.8 (14.9) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 32.3 (0.2) |
33.7 (0.9) |
39.0 (3.9) |
47.5 (8.6) |
56.6 (13.7) |
66.4 (19.1) |
72.4 (22.4) |
72.2 (22.3) |
65.7 (18.7) |
56.4 (13.6) |
47.2 (8.4) |
37.9 (3.3) |
52.3 (11.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 26.4 (−3.1) |
27.3 (−2.6) |
32.4 (0.2) |
40.4 (4.7) |
48.9 (9.4) |
59.5 (15.3) |
65.5 (18.6) |
65.5 (18.6) |
59.4 (15.2) |
50.3 (10.2) |
41.4 (5.2) |
32.3 (0.2) |
45.8 (7.7) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.87 (73) |
3.38 (86) |
4.75 (121) |
3.45 (88) |
2.21 (56) |
3.80 (97) |
3.81 (97) |
3.92 (100) |
3.93 (100) |
3.66 (93) |
4.22 (107) |
3.58 (91) |
43.58 (1,109) |
Source: NOAA[11]
|
Adjacent counties
Suffolk County has
- Nassau County - west
- Fairfield County, Connecticut - northwest
- New Haven County, Connecticut - north
- Middlesex County, Connecticut - north
- New London County, Connecticut - north
- Washington County, Rhode Island - northeast
National protected areas
- Amagansett National Wildlife Refuge
- Conscience Point National Wildlife Refuge
- Elizabeth A. Morton National Wildlife Refuge
- Fire Island National Seashore
- Sayville National Wildlife Refuge
- Seatuck National Wildlife Refuge
- Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge
- Wertheim National Wildlife Refuge
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1790 | 16,400 | — | |
1800 | 19,735 | 20.3% | |
1810 | 21,113 | 7.0% | |
1820 | 23,936 | 13.4% | |
1830 | 26,780 | 11.9% | |
1840 | 32,469 | 21.2% | |
1850 | 36,922 | 13.7% | |
1860 | 43,275 | 17.2% | |
1870 | 46,924 | 8.4% | |
1880 | 52,888 | 12.7% | |
1890 | 62,491 | 18.2% | |
1900 | 77,582 | 24.1% | |
1910 | 96,138 | 23.9% | |
1920 | 110,246 | 14.7% | |
1930 | 161,055 | 46.1% | |
1940 | 197,355 | 22.5% | |
1950 | 276,129 | 39.9% | |
1960 | 666,784 | 141.5% | |
1970 | 1,124,950 | 68.7% | |
1980 | 1,284,231 | 14.2% | |
1990 | 1,321,864 | 2.9% | |
2000 | 1,419,369 | 7.4% | |
2010 | 1,493,350 | 5.2% | |
2020 | 1,525,920 | 2.2% | |
2022 (est.) | 1,525,465 | 0.0% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[12] 1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14] 1990-2000[15] 2010, 2020, and 2022[1] |
According to the
By 2014, the county's racial makeup was estimated at 85.2%
In 2002, The New York Times cited a study by the non-profit group ERASE Racism, which determined Suffolk and its neighboring county, Nassau, to be the most racially segregated suburbs in the United States.[27]
In 2006, there were 469,299 households, of which 37.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.00% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.20% were non-families. 18.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.36.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.10% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 31.20% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 11.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.80 males.
In 2008,
The median income for a household in the county was $84,767,[29] and the median income for a family was $72,112. Males had a median income of $50,046 versus $33,281 for females. The per capita income for the county was $26,577. Using a weighted average from 2009 to 2014 about 6.40% of the population were below the poverty line[24] In earlier censuses, the population below the poverty line included 2.70% of those under age 18 and 2.30% of those age 65 or over.
Place |
Population 2010 census |
% white |
% black or African American |
% Asian |
% Other |
% mixed race |
% Hispanic/ Latino of any race |
% Catholic |
% not affiliated |
% Jewish |
% Protestant |
Estimate of % not reporting | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race | Ethnicity | Religious groups | |||||||||||
Nassau County | 1,339,532 | 73.0 | 11.1 | 7.6 | 5.9 | 2.4 | 14.6 | 52 | 9 | 17 | 7 | 15 | |
Suffolk County | 1,493,350 | 80.8 | 7.4 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 2.4 | 16.5 | 52 | 21 | 7 | 8 | 11 | |
Long Island Total (including Brooklyn and Queens) |
7,568,304 | 54.7 | 20.4 | 12.3 | 9.3 | 3.2 | 20.5 | 40 | 18 | 15 | 7 | 20 | |
NY State | 19,378,102 | 65.7 | 15.9 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 3.0 | 17.6 | 42 | 20 | 9 | 10 | 16 | |
USA | 308,745,538 | 72.4 | 12.6 | 4.8 | 7.3 | 2.9 | 16.3 | 22 | 37 | 2 | 23 | 12 | |
Source for Race and Ethnicity: 2010 Census[30] American Indian, Native Alaskan, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander make up just 0.5% of the population of Long Island, and have been included with "Other". | |||||||||||||
Source for religious groups: ARDA2000[31][32] |
Race | Num. | Perc. |
---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
967,330 | 63.4% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
107,268 | 7.03% |
Native American (NH)
|
3,102 | 0.2% |
Asian (NH)
|
65,019 | 4.3% |
Pacific Islander (NH)
|
241 | 0.01% |
Other/Mixed (NH)
|
50,001 | 3.3% |
Latino
|
332,959 | 22% |
Law and government
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 381,253 | 49.30% | 381,021 | 49.27% | 11,013 | 1.42% |
2016 | 350,570 | 51.46% | 303,951 | 44.62% | 26,733 | 3.92% |
2012 | 282,131 | 47.48% | 304,079 | 51.17% | 8,056 | 1.36% |
2008 | 307,021 | 46.53% | 346,549 | 52.53% | 6,209 | 0.94% |
2004 | 309,949 | 48.53% | 315,909 | 49.46% | 12,854 | 2.01% |
2000 | 240,992 | 41.99% | 306,306 | 53.37% | 26,646 | 4.64% |
1996 | 182,510 | 36.13% | 261,828 | 51.83% | 60,875 | 12.05% |
1992 | 229,467 | 40.40% | 220,811 | 38.88% | 117,677 | 20.72% |
1988 | 311,242 | 60.51% | 199,215 | 38.73% | 3,893 | 0.76% |
1984 | 335,485 | 66.03% | 171,295 | 33.72% | 1,276 | 0.25% |
1980 | 256,294 | 57.00% | 149,945 | 33.35% | 43,416 | 9.66% |
1976 | 248,908 | 54.10% | 208,263 | 45.27% | 2,877 | 0.63% |
1972 | 316,452 | 70.34% | 132,441 | 29.44% | 1,005 | 0.22% |
1968 | 218,027 | 58.18% | 122,590 | 32.71% | 34,150 | 9.11% |
1964 | 144,350 | 44.37% | 180,598 | 55.51% | 385 | 0.12% |
1960 | 166,644 | 59.32% | 114,033 | 40.59% | 268 | 0.10% |
1956 | 167,805 | 77.64% | 48,323 | 22.36% | 0 | 0.00% |
1952 | 115,570 | 74.58% | 39,120 | 25.25% | 262 | 0.17% |
1948 | 75,519 | 69.75% | 29,104 | 26.88% | 3,642 | 3.36% |
1944 | 65,650 | 67.59% | 31,231 | 32.15% | 253 | 0.26% |
1940 | 63,712 | 65.12% | 33,853 | 34.60% | 270 | 0.28% |
1936 | 48,970 | 58.07% | 33,078 | 39.22% | 2,287 | 2.71% |
1932 | 40,247 | 55.49% | 30,799 | 42.46% | 1,482 | 2.04% |
1928 | 41,199 | 65.07% | 19,497 | 30.79% | 2,619 | 4.14% |
1924 | 31,456 | 69.20% | 10,024 | 22.05% | 3,975 | 8.74% |
1920 | 26,737 | 73.10% | 8,852 | 24.20% | 985 | 2.69% |
1916 | 12,742 | 59.20% | 8,422 | 39.13% | 358 | 1.66% |
1912 | 5,595 | 28.47% | 7,878 | 40.08% | 6,182 | 31.45% |
1908 | 10,689 | 60.29% | 5,877 | 33.15% | 1,164 | 6.57% |
1904 | 9,937 | 57.19% | 6,795 | 39.11% | 642 | 3.70% |
1900 | 9,584 | 60.24% | 5,711 | 35.90% | 615 | 3.87% |
1896 | 9,388 | 66.60% | 3,872 | 27.47% | 837 | 5.94% |
1892 | 7,001 | 49.29% | 6,274 | 44.17% | 928 | 6.53% |
1888 | 7,167 | 50.23% | 6,600 | 46.26% | 500 | 3.50% |
1884 | 5,876 | 45.85% | 6,429 | 50.17% | 510 | 3.98% |
Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of November 1, 2023[35] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Number of voters | Percentage | |||
Democratic | 375,968 | 33.99% | |||
Republican | 342,675 | 30.98% | |||
Conservative
|
21,388 | 1.93% | |||
Working Families
|
4,124 | 0.37% | |||
Unaffiliated | 321,063 | 29.03% | |||
Other | 40,798 | 3.69% | |||
Total | 1,106,016 | 100% |
Position | Name | Party | Term | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sheriff | Errol D. Toulon Jr. | Dem | 2018–present | |
District Attorney | Raymond A. Tierney | Rep | 2022–present | |
County Clerk | Vincent A. Puleo | Rep | 2022–present | |
Comptroller | John M. Kennedy Jr. | Rep | 2015–present |
In 2003, Democrat Steve Levy was elected county executive, ending longtime Republican control. In 2001, Democrat Thomas Spota was elected District Attorney, and ran unopposed in 2005. Although Suffolk voters gave George H. W. Bush a victory here in 1992, the county voted for Bill Clinton in 1996 and continued the trend by giving Al Gore an 11-percent victory in the county in 2000. 2004 Democratic candidate John Kerry won by a much smaller margin of one percent, in 2008 Democratic candidate Barack Obama won by a slightly larger 6 percent margin, 52.5%-46.5%. In 2012, he carried the county by a slightly smaller margin 51%-47%. In 2016, Republican candidate Donald Trump won Suffolk County by a 6.9 percent margin, becoming the first Republican to carry the county since 1992. In 2020, Trump again won Suffolk County; this time, however, it was decided by just 232 votes out of nearly 800,000 votes cast, making it the closest county in the nation in terms of percentage margin, and representing nearly a seven-point swing towards the Democratic ticket of former Vice President Joe Biden and junior California senator Kamala Harris. In percentage terms, it was the closest county in the state, although Ontario County and Warren County had narrower raw vote margins of just 33 and 57 votes, respectively. Suffolk was one of five counties in the state that Trump won by less than 500 votes. With Tarrant County, Texas and Maricopa County, Arizona flipping Democratic in 2020, Suffolk, along with Collin County, Texas were the most populous counties in the nation to vote for Trump.
As a whole, both Suffolk and Nassau counties are considered swing counties. However, until 2016, they tended not to receive significant attention from presidential candidates, as the state of New York has turned reliably Democratic at the national level. In 2008 and 2012, Hofstra University in Nassau County hosted a presidential debate. Hofstra hosted the first debate of the 2016 presidential election season, on September 26, 2016, making Hofstra the first college or university in the United States to host a presidential debate in three consecutive elections. The presence on the 2016 ticket of Westchester County resident Hillary Clinton and Manhattan resident Donald Trump resulted in greater attention by the candidates to the concerns of Long Island. Trump visited Long Island voters and donors at least four times while Clinton made one stop for voters and one additional stop in the Hamptons for donors.
After the 2022 midterm election results were counted, Suffolk appears to have moved further to the right. Republican gubernatorial candidate and Suffolk County native Lee Zeldin won the county by more than 17 points over the Democrat candidate Kathy Hochul.[36] Republicans, as of 2023, hold both congressional districts covering that being New York's 1st congressional district represented by Nick LaLota and New York's 2nd congressional district represented by Andrew Garbarino.
The 2023 election saw this trend continue, with Republican Edward P. Romaine defeating Democrat David Calone by 14 points to become the next County Executive.[37] Republicans also gained a 12-6 supermajority in the County Legislature, seeing a net gain of one seat.
Suffolk County Executives
Name | Party | Term |
---|---|---|
H. Lee Dennison | Democratic | 1960–1972 |
John V.N. Klein | Republican | 1972–1979 |
Peter F. Cohalan | Republican | 1980–1986 |
Michael A. LoGrande* | Republican | 1986–1987 |
Patrick G. Halpin | Democratic | 1988–1991 |
Robert J. Gaffney | Republican | 1992–2003 |
Steve Levy** | Democratic | 2004–2010 |
Steve Levy** | Republican | 2010–2011 |
Steve Bellone | Democratic | 2012–2023 |
Edward P. Romaine | Republican | 2024–present |
* Appointed to complete Cohalan's term.
** Levy was originally elected as a Democrat, but became a Republican in 2010.
Suffolk County Legislature
The county has 18
Historical composition of the Suffolk County Legislature
Year | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | Partisan Breakdown |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024 | Catherine Stark (R) | Ann Welker (D) | James Mazzarella (R) | Nicholas Caracappa (MajL) (C) | Steven Englebright (D)
|
Chad Lennon (R) | Dominick Thorne (R) | Anthony Piccirillo (R) | Samuel Gonzalez (D) | Trish Bergin (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (DPO) (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (PO)(R) | Jason Richberg (MinL) (D) | Rebecca Sanin (D) | Tom Donnelly (D) | Stephanie Bontempi (R) | 12-6 Republican |
2023 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | James Mazzarella (R) | Nicholas Caracappa (MajL) (C) | Kara Hahn (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Dominick Thorne (R) | Anthony Piccirillo (R) | Samuel Gonzalez (D) | Trish Bergin (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (DPO) (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (PO)(R) | Jason Richberg (MinL) (D) | Manuel Esteban (R) | Tom Donnelly (D) | Stephanie Bontempi (R) | 11-7 Republican |
2022 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | James Mazzarella (R) | Nicholas Caracappa (MajL) (C) | Kara Hahn (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Dominick Thorne (R) | Anthony Piccirillo (R) | Samuel Gonzalez (D) | Trish Bergin (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (DPO) (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (PO)(R) | Jason Richberg (MinL) (D) | Manuel Esteban (R) | Tom Donnelly (D) | Stephanie Bontempi (R) | 11-7 Republican |
2021 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | James Mazzarella (R) | Nicholas Caracappa (C) | Kara Hahn (DPO) (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (PO) (D) | Anthony Piccirillo (R) | Samuel Gonzalez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL)(R) | Jason Richberg (D) | Susan A. Berland (MajL)(D) | Tom Donnelly (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 10-8 Democratic |
2020 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | Rudy Sunderman (R) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (DPO) (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (PO) (D) | Anthony Piccirillo (R) | Samuel Gonzalez (D) | Tom Cilmi (MinL) (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (R) | Jason Richberg (D) | Susan A. Berland (MajL)(D) | Tom Donnelly (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 10-8 Democratic |
2019 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | Rudy Sunderman (R) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (MajL)(D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (DPO) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Samuel Gonzalez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL) (R) | DuWayne Gregory(PO) (D) | Susan A. Berland (MajL)(D) | Tom Donnelly (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 11-7 Democratic |
2018 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | Rudy Sunderman (R) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (MajL)(D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (DPO) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Monica R. Martinez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Steven J. Flotteron (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL) (R) | DuWayne Gregory (PO) (D) | Susan A. Berland (MajL) (D) | Tom Donnelly (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 11-7 Democratic |
2017 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (MajL)(D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (DPO) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Monica R. Martinez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL) (R) | DuWayne Gregory (PO) (D) | Steven H. Stern (D)
|
Louis D'Amaro (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2016 | Al Krupski (D) | Bridget Fleming (D) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (MajL)(D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (DPO) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Monica R. Martinez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL) (R) | DuWayne Gregory (PO) (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2015 | Al Krupski (D) | Jay Schneiderman (DPO) (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (MajL)(D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (DPO) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Monica R. Martinez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | Leslie Kennedy (R) | Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL) (R) | DuWayne Gregory (PO) (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2014 | Al Krupski (D) | Jay Schneiderman (DPO) (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (MajL)(D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (DPO) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Monica R. Martinez (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (MinL) (R)
|
Robert Trotta (R) | Kevin J. McCaffrey (MinL) (R) | DuWayne Gregory (PO) (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2013 | Al Krupski (D) | Jay Schneiderman (DPO) (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Kara Hahn (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (MajL) (D) | William J. Lindsay III (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (MinL) (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (PO) (D) | DuWayne Gregory (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 13-5 Democratic |
2012 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Robert Calarco (D) | William J. Lindsay(PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (MinL) (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | DuWayne Gregory (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | William R. Spencer (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2011 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Sarah Anker (D) | Jack Eddington (I) | William J. Lindsay (PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (MinL) (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | DuWayne Gregory (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | Jon Cooper (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2010 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Thomas Muratore (R) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Daniel P. Losquadro (MinL) (R)
|
Jack Eddington (I) | William J. Lindsay (PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Tom Cilmi (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | DuWayne Gregory (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | Jon Cooper (D) | 11-7 Democratic |
2009 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Brian Beedenbender (D) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Daniel P. Losquadro (MinL) (R) | Jack Eddington (I) | William J. Lindsay (PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Cameron Alden (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | DuWayne Gregory (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | Jon Cooper (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2008 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (I) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Brian Beedenbender (D) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Daniel P. Losquadro (MinL) (R) | Jack Eddington (I) | William J. Lindsay (PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Cameron Alden (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | DuWayne Gregory (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | Jon Cooper (D) | 12-6 Democratic |
2007 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (R) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Joseph T. Caracappa (R) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Daniel P. Losquadro (MinL) (R) | Jack Eddington (I) | William J. Lindsay (PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Cameron Alden (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | Elie Mystal (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | Jon Cooper (D) | 10-8 Democratic |
2006 | Edward P. Romaine (R) | Jay Schneiderman (R) | Kate M. Browning (WF) | Joseph T. Caracappa (R) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Daniel P. Losquadro (MinL) (R) | Jack Eddington (I) | William J. Lindsay (PO) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Cameron Alden (R) | Thomas F. Barraga (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | Wayne R. Horsley (DPO) (D) | Elie Mystal (D) | Steven H. Stern (D) | Louis D'Amaro (D) | Jon Cooper (D) | 10-8 Democratic |
2005 | Michael J. Caracciolo (R) | Jay Schneiderman (R) | Peter O'Leary (MajL) (R) | Joseph T. Caracappa (PO) (R) | Vivian Viloria-Fisher (D) | Daniel P. Losquadro (R) | Brian X. Foley (D) | William J. Lindsay (MinL) (D) | Ricardo Montano (D) | Cameron Alden (R) | Angie Carpenter (R) | John M. Kennedy, Jr. (R) | Lynne C. Nowick (R) | David Bishop (D) | Elie Mystal (D) | Allan Binder (R) | Paul J. Tonna (R) | Jon Cooper (D) | 11-7 Republican |
Republicans controlled the county legislature until a landmark election in November 2005 where three Republican seats switched to the Democrats, giving them control. In November 2007, the Democratic Party once again retained control over the Suffolk County Legislature, picking up one seat in the process. In November 2009, the Republican Party regained the seat lost in 2007 but remained in the minority for the 2010-2011 session. In November 2011, the Democratic Party maintained control over the Suffolk County Legislature picking up one seat that had been held by an Independence Party member. In November 2013, the Republican Party gained the 14th district seat, but remained in the minority until 2021, when the GOP flipped the county legislature, picking up three seats with incumbents Robert Calarco (the sitting Presiding Officer) and Susan Berland (the sitting Majority Leader) losing their bids for re-election.[38][39] The Suffolk GOP built on these gains in the 2023 general election, gaining a 12-6 supermajority.
Law enforcement
Police services in the five western towns (
After the
The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office is a separate agency. The sheriff, an elected official who serves a four-year term, operates the two Suffolk County correctional facilities (in
Suffolk County has a long maritime history with several
This includes Fire Island and parts of Jones Island barrier beaches and the islands of the Great South Bay. Marine units also respond to water and ice rescues on the inland lakes, ponds, and streams of the District.
In February 2019, legislator Robert Trotta (R-
Also in February 2019, a court ruled against the Suffolk County jail in the case of a former inmate who was denied hormone replacement therapy by the jail's doctors. Documents introduced in the trial indicate 11 other inmates were also denied treatment.[44]
Courts
Suffolk County is part of the 10th Judicial District of the
Supreme Court
- The Suffolk County Supreme Court is a trial court of unlimited general original jurisdiction, but it generally only hears cases that are outside the subject-matter jurisdiction of other trial courts of more limited jurisdiction. The Suffolk County Clerk is the Clerk of the Court of the Supreme Court.
- The main courthouse for the Supreme Court is in Riverhead, which has been the court's home since 1729. The original courthouse was replaced in 1855, and that courthouse was expanded in 1881.[49] The courthouse was damaged by fire and rebuilt in 1929. In 1994, a new court building was added to the complex. This Courthouse was dedicated as the "Alan D. Oshrin Supreme Court Building" on August 1, 2011.[50]
- The Supreme Court also shares space in the Cohalan Court Complex in Central Islip[51]with several other courts and county agencies. Matrimonial actions are heard in the Supreme Court, and those matters are generally heard in the Supreme Court section of the Cohalan Court Complex.
Other Superior Courts
- The Suffolk County Court is a trial court of limited jurisdiction. It has jurisdiction over all of Suffolk County, and is authorized to handle criminal prosecutions of both felonies and lesser offenses committed within the county, although in practice most minor offenses are handled by the local courts. It is the trial court for felonies, or where a person is indicted by a Grand Jury in Suffolk County. The County Court also has limited jurisdiction in civil cases, generally involving amounts up to $25,000. The County Court is in the Cromarty Court Complex Criminal Courts Building in Riverhead.
- The Suffolk County Surrogate's Court hears cases involving the affairs of decedents, including the probate of wills and the administration of estates, guardianships, and adoptions. The Surrogate's Court is in the County Center in Riverhead.
- The Suffolk County Family Court has jurisdiction over all of Suffolk County in petitions filed for Neglect & Abuse, Juvenile Delinquency/Designated Felonies, Persons in Need of Supervision, Adoption, Guardianship, Foster Care, Family Offense (Order of Protection), Custody & Visitation, Paternity, Support Matters (Child & Spousal), Consent to Marry. The court also has a Juvenile Drug Court and Family Treatment Court. Individuals, attorneys, and agencies may initiate a proceeding in the Family Court with the filing of a petition. The Suffolk County Family Court is in the Cohalan Court Complex in Central Islip[51]and maintains a facility in Riverhead. Case assignment is dependent upon the geographical location of the parties.
Local courts
The District Court and the Town and Village Courts are the local courts of Suffolk County. There are more than 30 local courts, each with limited criminal and civil subject matter and geographic jurisdictions. The local criminal courts have trial jurisdiction over misdemeanors, violations and infractions; preliminary jurisdiction over felonies; and traffic tickets charging a crime. The local civil courts calendar small claims, evictions, and civil actions.
- Suffolk County District Court has geographic jurisdiction over the 5 western towns of Suffolk County (Babylon, Brookhaven, Huntington, Islip & Smithtown). The Criminal division of the Suffolk District Court is in the Cohalan Court Complex, Central Islip, and includes Domestic Violence Courts, Drug Court, and a Mental Health Court. The Civil division is divided up in the 5 "outlying" courthouses in Lindenhurst, Huntington Station, Hauppauge, Ronkonkoma, and Patchogue. Civil actions may be filed up to $15,000, and small claims actions up to $5000. Actions are commenced by filing with the court. Summary proceedings under the RPAPL are filed in the district where the property is located.
- The Town Courts of East Hampton, Riverhead, Shelter Island, Southampton, and Southold have geographic jurisdiction over the 5 eastern towns of Suffolk County. Each town maintains a courthouse where judges hear criminal cases (including a regional Drug Court) and civil actions. Civil actions are commenced by serving a summons and complaint for claims up to $3,000, and small claims actions are heard up to $3000. Summary proceedings under the RPAPL are filed in the town where the property is located.
- The Village Courts of Amityville, Asharoken, Babylon, Belle Terre, Bellport, Brightwaters, Head of the Harbor, Huntington Bay, Islandia, Lake Grove, Lindenhurst, Lloyd Harbor, Nissequogue, Northport, Ocean Beach, Old Field, Patchogue, Poquott, Port Jefferson, Quogue, Sag Harbor, Saltaire, Shoreham, Southampton, Village of the Branch, West Hampton Dunes, and Westhampton Beach have geographic jurisdiction within each incorporated village. Criminal and civil subject matter jurisdiction varies in each court.
Most non-criminal moving violation tickets issued in the 5 west towns are handled by the Traffic Violations Bureau, which is part of the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, not the court system.
Economy
Education
Colleges and universities
- State University of New York
- Stony Brook University in Stony Brook with a satellite campus in Southampton
- East Farmingdale
- Sayville and Riverhead
- Private
- Dix Hills
- Patchogue
- Central Islip
- Cold Spring Harbor
- Satellite and branch campuses
- Adelphi University in Hauppauge[53]
- Long Island University in Brentwood[54] and Riverhead,[55] on the campuses of Suffolk County Community College
- Amityville[56]
School districts
School districts (all officially designated for grades K-12) include:[57]
- Amagansett Union Free School District
- Amityville Union Free School District
- Babylon Union Free School District
- Bay Shore Union Free School District
- Bayport-Blue Point Union Free School District
- Brentwood Union Free School District
- Bridgehampton Union Free School District
- Brookhaven-Comsewogue Union Free School District
- Center Moriches Union Free School District
- Central Islip Union Free School District
- Cold Spring Harbor Central School District
- Commack Union Free School District
- Connetquot Central School District
- Copiague Union Free School District
- Deer Park Union Free School District
- East Hampton Union Free School District
- East Islip Union Free School District
- East Moriches Union Free School District
- East Quogue Union Free School District
- Eastport-South Manor Central School District
- Elwood Union Free School District
- Farmingdale Union Free School District
- Fire Island Union Free School District(Only operates elementary school)
- Fishers Island Union Free School District
- William Floyd Union Free School District
- Greenport Union Free School District
- Half Hollow Hills Central School District
- Hampton Bays Union Free School District
- Harborfields Central School District
- Hauppauge Union Free School District
- Huntington Union Free School District
- Islip Union Free School District
- Kings Park Central School District
- Lindenhurst Union Free School District
- Middle Country Central School District
- Longwood Central School District
- Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District
- Miller Place Union Free School District
- Montauk Union Free School District
- Mount Sinai Union Free School District
- New Suffolk Common School District
- North Babylon Union Free School District
- Northport-East Northport Union Free School District
- Oysterponds Union Free School District
- Patchogue-Medford Union Free School District
- Port Jefferson Union Free School District
- Quogue Union Free School District
- Remsenburg-Speonk Union Free School District
- Riverhead Central School District
- Rocky Point Union Free School District
- Sachem Central School District
- Sag Harbor Union Free School District
- Sagaponack Common School District
- Sayville Union Free School District
- Shelter Island Union Free School District
- Shoreham-Wading River Central School District
- Smithtown Central School District
- South Country Central School District
- South Huntington Union Free School District
- Southampton Union Free School District
- Southold Union Free School District
- Springs Union Free School District
- Three Village Central School District
- Tuckahoe Common School District
- Wainscott Common School District
- West Babylon Union Free School District
- West Islip Union Free School District
- Westhampton Beach Union Free School District
- Wyandanch Union Free School District
Media
Newspapers
- Amityville Record
- Bayport-Blue Point Gazette
- Dan's Papers
- Fire Island News
- Newsday
- Sayville Gazette
- Shelter Island Reporter
- The Beacon
- The East Hampton Press
- The East Hampton Star
- The Islip Bulletin
- The Long Island Advance
- The Port Times Record
- The Riverhead News-Review
- The Shelter Island Reporter
- The Southampton Press
- The Suffolk County News
- The Suffolk Times
- The Tide of Moriches and Manorville
- The Times Beacon Record
- The Times of Huntington
- The Times of Middle Country
- The Times of Northport and East Northport
- The Times of Smithtown
- The Village Beacon Record
- The Village Times Herald
Radio stations
- Patchogue
- WAPP-LP, Westhampton
- WBAB, Babylon
- Bridgehampton
- WBEA, Southold
- WBLI, Patchogue
- WBON, Westhampton
- WBWD, Islip
- WEER, Montauk
- Napeague
- WEGQ, Quogue
- WEHM, Manorville
- WEHN, East Hampton
- WELJ, Montauk
- WFRS, Smithtown
- WFTU, Riverhead
- Copiague
- WHFM, Southampton
- WJJF, Montauk
- Center Moriches
- WLID, Patchogue
- WLIM, Medford
- Hampton Bays
- WLIW-FM, Southampton
- WLIX-LP, Ridge
- Sag Harbor
- WNYG, Patchogue
- WNYH, Huntington
- Roanoke
- WRCN-FM, Riverhead
- WRIV, Riverhead
- WRLI, Southampton
- Lake Ronkonkoma
- Noyack
- WUSB, Stony Brook
- WWSK, Smithtown
- Bay Shore
- WXBA, Brentwood
Television stations
Suffolk seashore
Fire Island Lighthouse was an important landmark for many trans-Atlantic ships coming into New York Harbor in the early 20th century. For many European immigrants, the Fire Island Light was their first sight of land upon arrival in America.
The Fire Island Inlet span of the Robert Moses Causeway connects to Robert Moses State Park on the western tip of Fire Island.
The Great South Bay Bridge, the first causeway bridge, had only one northbound and one southbound lane, was opened to traffic in April 1954. The span of 2 miles (3 km) across Great South Bay to Captree Island features a main span of 600 feet (200 m), with a clearance for boats of 60 feet (20 m).
After crossing the State Boat Channel over its 665-foot (203 m)-long bascule bridge, the causeway meets the Ocean Parkway at a cloverleaf interchange. This interchange provides access to Captree State Park, Gilgo State Park and Jones Beach State Park.
The Fire Island Inlet Bridge continues the two-lane road, one lane in each direction, across Fire Island Inlet to its terminus at Robert Moses State Park and The Fire Island Lighthouse. Robert Moses Causeway opened in 1964.
Suffolk County has the most
Secessionist movements
At various times, there have been proposals for a division of Suffolk County into two counties. The western portion would be called Suffolk County, while the eastern portion of the current Suffolk County would comprise a new county to be called
The proposed Peconic County flag showed the two forks at the east end of Long Island separated by Peconic Bay. The star on the north represents Southold. The stars on the South Fork represent Southampton and East Hampton. Riverhead is at the fork mouth and Shelter Island is between the forks.
The secessionist movement has not been active since 1998.
The End of the Hamptons: Scenes from the Class Struggle in America's Paradise, by Corey Dolgon (New York University Press, 2005[58]) examined the class roots of the secessionist movement in the Hamptons. In his review, Howard Zinn wrote that the book "[t]akes us beyond the much-romanticized beaches of Long Island to the rich entrepreneurs and their McMansions, the Latino workers, and the stubborn indigenous residents refusing to disappear. The book is important because it is in so many ways a microcosm of the nation."[59] The book won the Association for Humanist Sociology's 2005 Book Prize and the American Sociological Association's Marxist Section Book Award in 2007.
Matt DeSimone, a young adult from Southold, and his partner Jake Dominy unsuccessfully started a similar movement in the late 2010s.
Finance and taxation
Suffolk County has an 8.625% sales tax, compared to an overall New York State sales tax of 4%, consisting of an additional 4.25% on top of the state and MTA assessment of .375%[60]
Health
In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic first affected the county. As of December 12, 2020, there are a total of 73,281 cases and 2,153 deaths.[61]
Communities
In the
Figures in parentheses are 2022 population estimates from the Census Bureau.[62]
Towns
- Babylon (217,656)
- Brookhaven (488,497)
- East Hampton(28,607)
- Huntington (203,243)
- Islip (337,922)
- Riverhead(35,834)
- Shelter Island (3,276)
- Smithtown (115,768)
- Southampton (69,490)
- Southold (23,912)
Villages (incorporated)
- Amityville(9,573)
- Asharoken(603)
- Babylon (12,146)
- Belle Terre(782)
- Bellport(2,197)
- Brightwaters (3,170)
- Dering Harbor(36)
- East Hampton (1,531)
- Greenport (2,583)
- Head of the Harbor(1,481)
- Huntington Bay(1,427)
- Islandia (3,568)
- Lake Grove (11,041)
- Lindenhurst (27,064)
- Lloyd Harbor(3,551)
- Nissequogue(1,603)
- North Haven (1,161)
- Northport (7,300)
- Ocean Beach (171)
- Old Field (906)
- Patchogue(12,344)
- Poquott(925)
- Port Jefferson(8,059)
- Quogue(1,687)
- Sag Harbor(2,785)
- Sagaponack(736)
- Saltaire (110)
- Shoreham (521)
- Southampton (4,615)
- Village of the Branch(1,759)
- Westhampton Beach(2,183)
- West Hampton Dunes(115)
Census-designated places (unincorporated)
- Amagansett
- Aquebogue
- Baiting Hollow
- Bay Shore
- Bayport
- Baywood
- Blue Point
- Bohemia
- Brentwood
- Bridgehampton
- Brookhaven
- Calverton
- Captree
- Center Moriches
- Centereach
- Centerport
- Central Islip
- Cold Spring Harbor
- Commack
- Copiague
- Coram
- Cutchogue
- Deer Park
- Dix Hills
- East Farmingdale
- East Hampton North
- East Islip
- East Marion
- East Moriches
- East Northport
- East Patchogue
- East Quogue
- East Setauket
- East Shoreham
- Eastport
- Eatons Neck
- Elwood
- Farmingville
- Fire Island
- Fishers Island
- Flanders
- Fort Salonga
- Gilgo
- Gordon Heights
- Great River
- Greenlawn
- Greenport West
- Halesite
- Hampton Bays
- Hauppauge
- Holbrook
- Holtsville
- Huntington
- Huntington Station
- Islip
- Islip Terrace
- Jamesport
- Kings Park
- Lake Ronkonkoma
- Laurel
- Manorville
- Mastic
- Mastic Beach
- Mattituck
- Medford
- Melville
- Middle Island
- Miller Place
- Montauk
- Moriches
- Mount Sinai
- Napeague
- Nesconset
- New Suffolk
- North Amityville
- North Babylon
- North Bay Shore
- North Bellport
- North Great River
- North Lindenhurst
- North Patchogue
- North Sea
- Northampton
- Northville
- Northwest Harbor
- Noyack
- Oak Beach
- Oakdale
- Orient
- Peconic
- Port Jefferson Station
- Quiogue
- Remsenburg-Speonk
- Ridge
- Riverhead
- Riverside
- Rocky Point
- Ronkonkoma
- Sayville
- Selden
- Setauket
- Shelter Island
- Shelter Island Heights
- Shinnecock Hills
- Shirley
- Smithtown
- Sound Beach
- South Huntington
- Southold
- Springs
- St. James
- Stony Brook
- Stony Brook University
- Terryville
- Tuckahoe
- Wading River
- Wainscott
- Water Mill
- West Babylon
- West Bay Shore
- West Hills
- West Islip
- West Sayville
- Westhampton
- Wheatley Heights
- Wyandanch
- Yaphank
-
Oak Beach
-
Watermill, New York
Gardiners Island
Gardiners Island is an island off eastern Suffolk County. The Island is 6 miles (10 km) long, and 3 miles (5 km) wide and has 27 miles (43 km) of coastline. The same family has owned the Island for nearly 400 years; one of the largest privately owned islands in America or the world. In addition, it is the only American real estate still intact as part of an original royal grant from the English Crown.
Robins Island
Robins Island is an Island in the Peconic Bay between the North and South folks of eastern Suffolk County. It is within the jurisdiction of Town of Southold in Suffolk County, New York. The Island is 435 acres (1.8 km2) and presently undeveloped. The island is privately owned and not accessible to the public.
Indian reservations
Two Indian reservations are within the borders of Suffolk County:
Transportation
The county includes a lot of roadways and other public transportation infrastructure. The local
Major highways
- Queens-Midtown Tunnel.[63]
- West Babylon to Southampton.
Airports
Commercial Airport:
General Aviation Airport:
- Republic Airport (FRG/KFRG)
- Brookhaven Calabro Airport (WSH/KHWV/HWV)
- Francis S. Gabreski Airport (FOK/KFOK)
- Town of East Hampton Airport (JPX/KJPX)
- Elizabeth Field (Fisher's Island) (FID/0B8)
Public transportation
Suffolk County is served by Suffolk County Transit. Long Island Rail Road, the Hampton Jitney, and Hampton Luxury Liner connect Suffolk County to New York City.
Notable people
See also
- List of counties in New York
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County, New York
- Suffolk County, Farmland Development Rights
- USS Suffolk County (LST-1173)
References
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- ^ About Suffolk County on the county website Archived May 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d "Suffolk to consider sea level rise in road projects". Newsday. September 23, 2019. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
- ^ "Suffolk Closeup: Long Island's role in American Revolution". The Suffolk Times. November 2, 2014. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ Steenshorne, Jennifer E. (2010). "New York Archives - The British Ditch New York City" (PDF).
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- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
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- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
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- ^ "Kings County, New York QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
- ^ "Queens County, New York QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
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- ^ "Suffolk County, New York QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 29, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
- ^ http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36103.html Archived July 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine U.S. Census, estimate for 2012, January 6, 2014
- ^ "100 Largest Counties in the United States by 2006 Population Estimate". Archived from the original on May 5, 2007.
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- ^ "Suffolk County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". Archived from the original on July 29, 2011. Retrieved June 15, 2007.
- ^ "Suffolk County, New York, Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2007". Archived from the original on February 10, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
- ^ Lambert, Bruce (June 5, 2002). "Study Calls L.I. Most Segregated Suburb". The New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2010.
- ^ Raisa Bruner (March 7, 2016). "The 25 most expensive ZIP codes in America". Business Insider. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
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- ^ "The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), Year 2000 Report". Archived from the original on January 16, 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2012. Churches were asked for their membership numbers. ARDA estimates that most of the churches not reporting were black Protestant congregations.
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- ^ a b c Shah, Jay (February 11, 2019). "Bill Would Enable Suffolk County To Recoup Salary From Ex-Police Chief". wshu.org.
- ^ "Lawmakers vote to sue to recoup Burke salary". Newsday. March 5, 2019.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
- ^ ""Court Locations". Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2011.".
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- ^ a b "Directions to the Suffolk County Courts"
- ^ "Campus Locations & Contact". The School of Health Sciences of Touro College. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
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Bibliography
- Portrait and Biological Record of Suffolk County (Long Island) New York – Containing Portraits and Biographical Sketches of Prominent and Representative Citizens of the County – Together With Biographies and Portraits of All the Presidents of the United States. Chapman Publishing Company. 1896. Retrieved October 10, 2021. .