Sultana (grape)
Sultana | |
---|---|
Grape (Vitis) | |
Color of berry skin | Blanc |
Species | Vitis vinifera |
Also called | sultanina, Thompson Seedless, Lady de Coverly, oval-fruited Kishmish, İzmir üzümü |
Notable regions | Aegean Region, Turkey |
VIVC number | 12051 |
The sultana is a "white" (pale green), oval seedless
In some countries, especially Commonwealth countries, the name sultana is used for the raisin made from it or larger seedless grapes; such sultana raisins are often called sultanas or sultanis.
History
American sultana grapes are almost invariably Thompson Seedless, a name that refers to
The Ottomans took the sultana grape variety to the island of Crete in the 19th century.[6]
Raisins
In the US, most raisins, including those with the typical dark brown color, are made from the sultana grape, the Thompson Seedless. The term "sultana" refers to golden-colored dried grapes, which may also be called "golden raisins" (such as marketed by
Other uses
The sultana grape is also used to make white wine, in which use it is known for its "sweet blandness".[2][3] It is referred to as a "three-way grape" because it is used as a table grape, to make raisins and to make wine.[9] In the United States, it is the base for wine generically called "chablis".[9] This wine is named for the Chablis region of France, but it is not a true Chablis wine. In the EU, "Chablis" wine must be made from the Chardonnay grape produced in the region of the Yonne département.
End uses include:[10]
- Manufacturing industries such as bakeries and breakfast cereal producers
- Supermarkets
- Dairy products such as yogurt and ice-creams
- Salads and desserts
Its triple use has made the Thompson Seedless the most planted grape in California.[9]
Sultana grape juice was fraudulently sold as being of Chardonnay grapes in Australia for winemaking, as Sultana grapes cost less. The fraud was discovered in 2003 by the
Sultaniye wines
Sultaniye wines are
References
- ^ a b c Bioletti, Frederic T. (1918). "The Seedless Raisin Grapes". Bulletin of the California Agricultural Experimental Station (298): 86. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
- ^ American Heritage Dictionary (4th ed.). 2000. Archived from the originalon 2005-09-09.
- ^ a b c Appellation America. "Thompson Seedless". Retrieved 2006-06-15.
- ^ "United States Code of Federal Regulations, title 7, section 999.300". Retrieved 2006-06-15.
- ^ United States Department of Agriculture. "California Grape Acreage Report, 2002 Crop". Archived from the original on 2006-04-09. Retrieved 2006-06-15.
- ^ Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ve Girit bunalımı (1896–1908) at Google Books
- ^ "United States Code of Federal Regulations, title 7, section 989.7". Retrieved 2006-06-15.
- ^ Gibberellin and Flame Seedless grapes Archived 2006-12-06 at the Wayback Machine from a University of California, Davis website Retrieved on 2009-04-13
- ^ a b c "Wine Glossary - Words that start with T". Retrieved December 22, 2016.
- ^ Sultanas Archived 2013-10-23 at the Wayback Machine - Bestsultanas.com, London, England
- ^ Winery sold sultanas as chardonnay – Adelaide Advertiser, April 8, 2010
- ^ S2CID 35272688.
- ^ a b George, Rosemary (2 June 2013). "Turkish Wine Has Vast Potential, Exciting Flavors". Zester Daily. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
- ^ Girişimcilik, p. 82, at Google Books