Sun–Joffe Manifesto
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Sun–Joffe Manifesto or the Joint Manifesto of Sun and Joffe (孫文越飛宣言) was an agreement signed between
unify China.[2]
Background
In 1918,
Council of the People's Commissars announced Soviet intention to relinquish Russian rights and privileges acquired in China.[1] A formal note to open negotiations was sent to the Chinese Foreign Minister in Beijing on October 27, 1920. The Bolsheviks sent M.I. Yurin, Alexander Paikes and Adolph Joffe.[1]
Signing
Joffe would not settle the
question of Outer Mongolia or the Chinese Far Eastern Railway[1] but was successful in establishing a political relations with Sun Yat-sen. On January 26, 1923, Sun and Joffe issued the manifesto, which became the foundation of co-operation between the Kuomintang and Soviet Union. In July 1923, Sun sent Chiang Kai-shek to Russia to study Soviet military and political conditions.[1] The Chinese Communist Party had been established only in July 1921, just a year before the signing. Sources have pointed out that the most crucial decision made in Sun's life to align the KMT with the Soviets and the Chinese Communists.[2]
See also
References
Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article:
- ^ ISBN 9789024705528. p 92.
- ^ ISBN 9780231089579. p 182.
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