Sur, Diyarbakır

Coordinates: 37°54′38″N 40°14′09″E / 37.91056°N 40.23583°E / 37.91056; 40.23583
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Sur
District and municipality
Walls of Diyarbakır
Walls of Diyarbakır
Map showing Sur District in Diyarbakır Province
Map showing Sur District in Diyarbakır Province
Sur is located in Turkey
Sur
Sur
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 37°54′38″N 40°14′09″E / 37.91056°N 40.23583°E / 37.91056; 40.23583
CountryTurkey
ProvinceDiyarbakır
Area
1,227 km2 (474 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
100,613
 • Density82/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code
21300
Area code0412
Websitewww.sur.bel.tr

Sur is a municipality and

Diyarbakır Fortress lies in this district, which takes its name from the castle walls (Turkish: sur).[4]

Background

Sur district was created in 2008 from part of the central district (Merkez) of Diyarbakır.

above mean sea level. Many historic buildings and structures in the district are witness of several civilizations and rich cultures, which were hosted in the location in the history.[4]

The background of Sur goes back to 7500 BC. Archaeological excavations showed that world's oldest settlement was located in the region. Civilizations ruled here are

Ayyubid Empire and Ottoman Empire.[4]

Politics

The current Mayor is Feyme Filiz Buluttekin.[7] As Kaymakan was appointed Abdullah Çiftçi.[8]

Composition

There are 100

neighbourhoods in Sur District:[9]

Visitor attractions

Sur is a historic and cultural center. It features historic Diyarbakır houses,

Diyarbakır Fortress as well as caravanserais, madrasas, shadirvans and inscriptions of various historic periods.[4]

2015 conflict and rebuilding of the district

In 2015, militants linked to the banned

Turkish Army deployed about 200 troops of the Special Forces Command to conduct house-to-house searches.[12][13] The conflict resulted in most residents abandoning their homes.[14] Abandoned houses in various neighborhoods of Sur district were occupied by militants, and clashes between the PKK and Turkish Army and Special Forces continued until early 2016.[15][16]

Amnesty International has estimated that 300,000 people were displaced by the conflict, and branded the government's response 'collective punishment'.[17] International Crisis Group has estimated that around 1,700 people have been killed in the resulting conflict and estimates the number of displaced people at 350,000.[18] Human Rights Watch criticized the Turkish government for 'blocking access for independent investigations into alleged mass abuses against civilians across southeast Turkey'.[19]

Many houses were destroyed and registered historic buildings were seriously damaged. In March 2016, the government launched a project for the restoration of all the damaged historic structures and the rebuilding of destroyed houses in accordance of their original style.[14] However, the project was criticized by the Turkish Union of Architects and Engineers Chambers, who claimed that the project would take “a defense-centered approach”, which would require the destruction of some historic structures.[20]

References

  1. ^
    TÜİK
    . Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  2. ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  3. ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d "İlçenin Kuruluşu ve Kısa Tarihçesi" (in Turkish). Sur Kaymakamlığı. Retrieved 2017-05-18.
  5. ^ Kanun No. 5747, Resmî Gazete, 22 March 2008.
  6. ^ "İl İdaresi ve Mülki Bölümler Şube Müdürlüğü İstatistikleri - İl ve İlçe Kuruluş Tarihleri" (PDF) (in Turkish). p. 28. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  7. ^ "Diyarbakır Sur Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart Diyarbakır Sur Yerel Seçim Sonuçları". secim.haberler.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-08.
  8. ^ "Diyarbakır Sur Kaymakamlığı". www.sur.gov.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
  9. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  10. ^ "Sur'da hendek ve barikatların yüzde 95'i temizlendi". Sabah (in Turkish). 2016-02-15. Retrieved 2017-06-02.
  11. ^ "Army: 279 PKK militants killed in Sur operation - LOCAL". Hürriyet Daily News | LEADING NEWS SOURCE FOR TURKEY AND THE REGION. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  12. ^ Ergan, Uğur (2016-01-18). "Diyarbakır Sur'a özel ordu birlikleri girdi". Hürriyet (in Turkish). Retrieved 2017-05-25.
  13. ^ (www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Death and destruction in Diyarbakir | Europe | DW | 28.01.2016". DW.COM. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  14. ^ a b "Sur nasıl yeniden inşa edilecek?". BBC (in Turkish). 2016-03-26. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
  15. ^ "Hürriyet Sur'a girdi teröristler mermi yağdırdı". Hürriyet (in Turkish). 2015-12-29. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
  16. ^ "Diyarbakır Sur'daki çatışmaların sıcak görüntüleri". Hürriyet (in Turkish). 2016-02-02. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
  17. ^ "Turkish Kurds are heading back to the war-ravaged city of Diyarbakir as a curfew is lifted". The Independent. 2016-03-19. Archived from the original on 2022-05-25. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  18. ^ "Turkey's PKK Conflict: The Death Toll | Crisis Group". blog.crisisgroup.org. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  19. ^ "Turkey: State Blocks Probes of Southeast Killings". Human Rights Watch. 2016-07-11. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
  20. ^ "Reconstruction work brings more gloom to southeast Turkey". Al-Monitor. 2017-01-24. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
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