Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | |
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Minister of Mining and Energy | |
In office 29 October 1999 – 26 August 2000 | |
President | Abdurrahman Wahid |
Preceded by | Kuntoro Mangkusubroto |
Succeeded by | Purnomo Yusgiantoro |
4th Chairman of the Democratic Party | |
In office 30 March 2013 – 15 March 2020 | |
Preceded by | Anas Urbaningrum |
Succeeded by | Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono |
Personal details | |
Born | Patjitan, Indonesia | 9 September 1949
Political party | Demokrat |
Height | 177 cm (5 ft 10 in)[1] |
Spouse | |
Children |
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Awards |
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Service no. | 25308 |
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (born 9 September 1949), commonly referred to as SBY, is an Indonesian politician and retired
Yudhoyono won the
During his tenure as president, Indonesia participated in many world peace missions, both at the national and international levels. Yudhoyono successfully negotiated a deal that ended the Aceh Insurgency, an Insurgency lasted from 1976 to 2005. As a result, he was given the title "Father of Peace".[2]
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is the recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award (Champions of the Earth) in 2014.[3]
Name
The name Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is of Javanese origins, with Sanskrit roots. Susilo comes from the words su-, meaning "good" and -sila, meaning "behaviour, conduct or moral". Bambang is a traditional male name in Javanese, meaning "knight". While Yudhoyono comes from the words yuddha, meaning "battle, fight"; and yana, meaning "journey". Thus his full name roughly translates to "well behaved knight on a war mission".[4]
The name "Yudhoyono" is not an inherited surname;
Early life and education
Early life and family
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was born on 9 September 1949, in Tremas, a village in Arjosari, Pacitan Regency, East Java, to a lower-middle-class family. His father was a Javanese man named Raden Soekotjo (1925 – 4 August 2001), whose lineage can be traced to Hamengkubuwono II,[9] while his mother was a Javanese woman named Siti Habibah (30 June 1932 – 30 August 2019).[10]
Education
Yudhoyono had wanted to join the army since he was a child.[11] In school, he developed a reputation as an academic achiever, excelling in writing poems, short stories, and play-acting.[citation needed] Yudhoyono was also talented in music and sport, reflected when he and his friends established a volleyball club called Klub Rajawali and a band called Gaya Teruna.[12]
When he was in fifth grade, Yudhoyono visited the Indonesian Armed Forces Academy (AKABRI). After seeing the soldiers training there and perhaps inspired by his own father's career, Yudhoyono became determined to join the
Young Yudhoyono then became a student under the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the
Yudhoyono also studied in the
Military service
Military academy
Yudhoyono spent three years at AKABRI and became the commander of the Cadet Corps Division there. He graduated from AKABRI as second lieutenant in 1973, and as the best graduate of the year, received the prestigious Adhi Makayasa medal from President Suharto.[15]
Kostrad
After graduating, Yudhoyono joined the Army Strategic Reserve (
Yudhoyono returned to Indonesia in 1976, where he became a platoon commander in the 305th Battalion and was assigned to
While working at the Army headquarters, Yudhoyono was sent to the United States again, this time to participate in the
From 1986 to 1988, Yudhoyono served with Kodam IX/Udayana, which covers Bali and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Yudhoyono was a battalion commander from 1986 to 1988 and was part of the operational staff in 1988. In 1989, Yudhoyono became a lecturer at the Army Staff College (Seskoad) and delivered a presentation entitled "ABRI's Professionalism at the Present and in the Future". Together with Agus Wirahadikusumah, Yudhoyono published a book entitled "The Challenges of Development".[15]
Whilst at Seskoad, Yudhoyono also took the opportunity to further his own military education. He went to the
In 1992, Yudhoyono was transferred to the Army Information Department and worked as a speechwriter for General Edi Sudrajat, the Army chief of staff. In 1993, when Edi became commander of the
When Yudhoyono returned to Indonesia, he was made KODAM Jaya chief of staff before being appointed as KODAM II/Sriwijaya commander. In this position, Yudhoyono was responsible for military operations in southern Sumatra.[20] He served in this position until 1997, when he was appointed chief of staff for social-political affairs. At the same time, he was also appointed chairman of the ABRI Faction in the People's Consultative Assembly General Session and participated in Suharto's election to a seventh term as president. [21]
Suharto's resignation
During the days which would lead to Suharto's resignation in May 1998, Yudhoyono and pro-reform ABRI officers conducted meetings and discussions with Nurcholish Madjid, a secular pro-reform Muslim leader. From his discussions, Yudhoyono accepted the fact that Suharto should resign but like the ABRI officers who went to the meeting with him, was reluctant to withdraw their support of Suharto publicly, much less ask for Suharto's resignation.[22] Nevertheless, the pressure eventually become too much for Suharto, who resigned on 21 May 1998.
As Indonesia entered the
Political career
Wahid presidency
Yudhoyono was appointed mining and energy minister in the
Yudhoyono's popularity grew,[citation needed] even as minister of mining and energy. In June 2000, there were rumours that Wahid, because of his lack of skill as an administrator was going to appoint a first minister to look after the day-to-day running of the government.[26] Yudhoyono's name appeared as a potential candidate for the position, although eventually Wahid appointed Vice-president Megawati Sukarnoputri as the day to day administrator.
In August 2000, after a Cabinet reshuffle, Yudhoyono became the coordinating minister for politic and security affairs. One of his tasks was to separate the army from politics. This was in line with his reformist ideas on the future of Indonesian military, and is a view he has held since his days in an army policy center. He said at that time:
Since 1998, the military has decided to stay out of day-to-day politics. The basic idea of military reform is to go back to the role and function of the military as a defense force and move them away from politics systematically. The trend is moving in such a way that there is no so-called 'dual function' of the military, there is no so-called social political mission in the military.
Another task that Yudhoyono was given was as an intermediary between Wahid and the Suharto family. At the time, Wahid was trying to make Suharto hand back all the money which he had allegedly obtained through corruption when he was president.[citation needed] Yudhoyono was sent by Wahid to convey this wish and to negotiate with the former first family. However, Yudhoyono was not successful in this venture.
At the beginning of 2001, with political pressure increasing on him, Wahid ordered Yudhoyono to form a crisis centre with Yudhoyono as chairman
Megawati presidency
On 23 July 2001, in a special session, the MPR impeached Wahid and replaced him with Megawati as president. A few days later when the MPR assembled to elect a new vice president, Yudhoyono threw his name in the hat and competed against
Yudhoyono and Akbar lost out to Hamzah Haz who became the new vice president.Yudhoyono was appointed to his old position of coordinating minister of political and security affairs in Megawati's
Yudhoyono also dealt with the Free Aceh Movement (GAM), a separatist movement wanting to separate the Province of Aceh from Indonesia. On his advice, Megawati declared martial law in Aceh on 19 May 2003, which was then extended in November.[29]
Democratic Party
This section of a biography of a living person does not include any references or sources. (December 2023) |
Yudhoyono's supporters saw Yudhoyono's participation in the vice-presidential election as a sign of his popularity and recognised Yudhoyono's potential as a possible leader for Indonesia. One of these supporters, Vence Rumangkang approached Yudhoyono with the idea of forming a political party to help shore up support for the 2004 presidential elections. Yudhoyono approved of the idea and after going through the basic concepts, left Rumangkang in charge of forming the Party.
From 12 to 19 August 2001, Rumangkang began holding a series of meetings to discuss the formation of the party while holding consultations with Yudhoyono. Yudhoyono personally led the meetings on 19 and 20 August 2001, and the basic outline of the Democratic Party was finalised.
On 9 September 2001, the formation of the party was officially declared and on 10 September it was registered at the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights.
The organizers behind Democratic Party's formation went to extreme lengths to make sure that PD was Yudhoyono's personal political party. The declaration of its formation was 9 September 2001, which was Yudhoyono's birthday and to start off with, the Party had 99 members.
Road to presidency
The United Democratic Nationhood Party (PPDK) was the first to bring up the subject of nomination. In September 2003, Yudhoyono's own party began to make preparations in case Yudhoyono was willing to accept a presidential nomination. The Democratic Party then initiated a publicity campaign to promote Yudhoyono as a candidate. For his part, Yudhoyono was not responsive both to PPDK or the Democratic Party's manoeuvrings to nominate him and continued his duties as minister. PPDK was disappointed in Yudhoyono's reaction and the Democratic Party continued to wait for Yudhoyono to resign his position as was expected of all presidential candidates apart from the incumbent president and vice-president.[30]
The turning point came on 1 March 2004, when Yudhoyono's secretary, Sudi Silalahi announced to the media that for the last six months, Yudhoyono had been excluded from policy decision-making in the field of politics and security.[31] On 2 March 2004, Megawati responded that she had never excluded Yudhoyono, while her husband, Taufiq Kiemas called Yudhoyono childish for complaining to the media instead of the president herself. On 8 March 2004, Yudhoyono sent a letter asking for permission to meet the president about his ministerial authority. Megawati did not respond when she received the letter, although she invited Yudhoyono along to a cabinet meeting on 11 March 2004. Yudhoyono did not attend the cabinet meeting and instead held a press conference at his office and announced his resignation from the position of coordinating minister of political and security affairs. He also announced that he was ready to be nominated as a presidential candidate.
Yudhoyono's popularity skyrocketed after his falling out with Megawati as he was seen by the people as the
Yudhoyono's manifesto for the future of Indonesia, summarised in a book titled "Vision For Change" written by him and distributed for free during the campaign, was built on four pillars: prosperity, peace, justice and democracy. At the top of his agenda was a plan for increasing economic prosperity, aiming for economic growth of at least 7% and a revival of small and medium-sized enterprises. He also put forward policies to offer better credit lines, to cut red tape, improve labour laws and to root out corruption from the top down. He told an interviewer:
If we are to reduce poverty, create jobs, increase purchasing power and rebuild infrastructure, then we will need new capital. Of course, to be able to invite investment, I have to improve the climate – legal certainties, political stability, law and order, sound tax policies, customs policies, good labor management. I will improve the guarantees to encourage investors to come to Indonesia.
Yudhoyono's perceived communication skills made him the front-runner throughout the election campaign, according to many opinion polls and the opinions of election commentators,[34] ahead of the other candidates (Megawati, Wiranto, Amien Rais, and Hamzah). On 5 July 2004, Yudhoyono participated in the first round of the presidential election, coming first with 33% of the votes. However, 50% of votes were required for a new president and vice-president to be elected, and this meant Yudhoyono going into a run-off against Megawati.
In the run-off, Yudhoyono faced a challenge from Megawati's
Presidency (2004–2014)
Cabinet
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 8 July 2004. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won more than 60% (60.08%) of the vote in the first round, which enabled him to secure re-election without a run-off. Yudhoyono was officially declared the victor of the election on 23 July 2009, by the General Election Commission. Other candidates are Megawati Sukarnoputri PDI-P Party 26.79%, Jusuf Kalla Golkar Party 12.41%. The day of his inauguration in 2004, Yudhoyono announced his new cabinet, which would be known as the United Indonesia Cabinet (Kabinet Indonesia Bersatu). Consisting of 36 ministers, it included members of the Democratic Party, Golkar and the PPP, PBB, PKB, PAN, PKP, and PKS. Professionals were also named in the cabinet, most of them taking on ministries in the economic field. The military were also included, with five former members appointed to the cabinet. As Yudhoyono's promised during the election, four of the cabinet appointees were female.[36] Yudhoyono's Second United Indonesia Cabinet was announced in October 2009 after he was re-elected as president earlier in the year. The vice-president in Yudhoyono's second cabinet was Boediono. Boediono replaced Jusuf Kalla who was vice-president in the first Yudhoyono cabinet.
Balance of power with Kalla
Although he had won the presidency, Yudhoyono was still weak in the Indonesian parliament, the
With a national congress to be held in December 2004, Yudhoyono and Kalla had originally backed
Kalla's victory posed a dilemma for Yudhoyono. Although it now enabled Yudhoyono to pass legislation, Kalla's new position meant that he was now more powerful than Yudhoyono in terms of influence in parliament.
After the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami Kalla, apparently on his own initiative, assembled Ministers and signed a vice-presidential decree ordering work to begin on rehabilitating Aceh. The legality of his vice-presidential decree was questioned[38] although Yudhoyono maintained that it was he who gave the orders for Kalla to proceed.
In September 2005, when Yudhoyono went to
To defuse political tensions in the country with the increase in fuel prices, a number of national figures met including former presidents Abdurahman Wahid and Megawati Soekarnoputri to defuse the atmosphere.
President Yudhoyono sent Vice President Jusuf Kalla to meet with these national figures. After previously keeping in touch with Megawati, Kalla also held a meeting with former President KH Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur). The arrival of Kalla at Gus Dur's residence Jl. Warung Silah Ciganjur, Jakarta, was greeted directly by Yenny Wahid on the terrace of the house. Kalla, wearing a long-sleeved batik shirt, immediately entered the living room where Gus Dur had been sitting waiting. After shaking hands and hugging each other, Kalla sat on the left side of Gus Dur in a long chair with Mrs. Mufidah. Meanwhile, Mrs. Sinta Nuriyah sat beside Yenny Wahid. The conversation was immediately warm, punctuated by Gus Dur's typical jokes.[40]
Kalla in particular came to the residence of Megawati on Jl Teuku Umar Jakarta, for a friendly and halal bi halal 1428 H. Kalla was welcomed by Megawati Soekarnoputri along with Taufiq Kiemas and his daughter Puan Maharani. After shaking hands with Kalla, Megawati went inside a few moments later . For a few minutes, it turned out that Megawati came back into the living room and met with Kalla and Mufidah's mother, who were sitting side by side with Puan Maharani. On that occasion the two leaders had a casual chat. Megawati had time to talk about food. Meanwhile, the Vice President responded intimately, resulting in very warm communication. The gathering of about 15 minutes gave the impression that there was never any difference between the two leaders.[40]
Dealings with Suharto
On 6 May 2005, Yudhoyono visited Suharto at hospital when the latter suffered from intestinal bleeding. On 5 January 2007, Yudhoyono and his wife visited Suharto, who was again hospitalised due to anaemia as well as heart and kidney problems.[41][42] After the visit, Yudhoyono made an appeal to all Indonesians to pray for Suharto's recovery.[43]
Responding to some public requests for Suharto to be granted a pardon for possible past mistakes in governing Indonesia, presidential spokesperson Andi Mallarangeng said, "A visit from an incumbent president to a hospitalized former president is something normal. However, this show of humanity and legal steps are two different things."[44]
Foreign policy
President Yudhoyono's foreign policy sought to create new breakthroughs for the strategic development of Indonesia's defense, namely ending the US military embargo, which was aided by support from Washington. The Bush administration claimed that ending the arms embargo and modernizing the Indonesian Defence Force will help Jakarta address mutual security concerns such as terrorism, maritime piracy, narcotics trafficking, pandemic disease, and disaster relief. Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Nicholas Burns said that Indonesia, as "the world's largest Muslim state and its third-largest democracy, is a voice of moderation in the Islamic world and plays a unique strategic role in Southeast Asia" [45]
In February 2005, the US government reinstated Indonesia's eligibility for the International Military Education and Training program in order to upgrade the quality of its officer corps. In May 2005, it removed restrictions on nonlethal defense equipment such as communications and transport systems. This lifted the last remaining barrier, a ban on sale of lethal weaponry and related equipment. Still recovering from the
Economy
In a meeting with regional heads, President Yudhoyono outlined some of the government's achievements in the economic field
We have to be grateful that much has been achieved even though some have not been achieved," he explained. He added that the economic conditions at the start of the first period in 2004 were still characterized by low GDP and significant economic growth. lack of infrastructure. The process of economic consolidation then started and social and security conditions became more stable after peaceful and democratic elections, he said. Salaries for civil servants are still low while the budget for health is still limited, he added.
He indicated that GDP and foreign exchange reserves had increased significantly and the ratio of debt to gross domestic product could be reduced from 56 percent to 23 percent. President Yudhoyono added that the debt ratio of 23 percent to GDP wasfar below developed countries such as Germany (86.1 percent), United States (104.1 percent), and United Kingdom ( 107 percent). He said, during the 2004-2014 period, domestic and foreign debt could also be reduced while the state budget was increased fourfold. In 2004, the country's per capita income was recorded at US$1188 but ten years later it rose to US$3490. Indonesia is also recorded as a country with the second highest economic growth rate since 2009 after China with the country's exports increasing threefold. In the energy sector, Yudhoyono acknowledged, although electricity capacity increased twice during his administration, it remained small. Yudhoyono gave the example of the Master Plan for the Acceleration of Indonesian Economic Development (MP3EI), which from 2011 to 2013, reached a value of IDR 828.7 trillion.[47]
Yudhoyono was also able to initiate the disbanding of the Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI) because he wanted Indonesia to be more independent and less dependent on many parties. President Yudhoyono said
Indonesia no longer needs to discuss development program plans with creditor forums. “Indonesia will do everything by itself without the help of CGI. Because of that, we see that there is no need for a CGI forum anymore,” he explained, the CGI dissolution policy had been started since last year. He also emphasized the importance of the Indonesian people to be more independent in planning and implementing development. The dissolution of CGI, he said, demanded Indonesia's full responsibility to determine the budget and meet financial needs
Established in 1992, the CGI was a consortium of countries and institutions providing loans to Indonesia, set up by the Indonesian government and the World Bank. Its membership was made up of 30 bilateral and multilateral creditors, including the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the International Monetary Fund and industrialized countries such as Japan and the United States, as well as many other smaller countries and many other world financial and aid institutions. In 2006 the Consultative Group on Indonesia pledged $5.4 billion in fresh loans and grants for Indonesia. Finance Minister Sri Mulyani said the Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI) was no longer needed as the country's primary creditors were only the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Japan, and that Indonesia now preferred one-on-one negotiations rather than round table, multilateral ones. She said the dissolution of the CGI was also of benefit to Indonesia as it freed the government of the need to explain its intentions and plans to many different parties. Iman Sugema, director of the International Center for Applied Finance and Economics (Inter-CAFE) at the Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB), applauded the president's plan to dissolve the CGI and said the CGI had not benefited Indonesia because the donor countries often put too many demands on the nation.[48]
Social protection
The Yudhoyono government enacted Law Number 24 of 2011 concerning the Social Security Administering Body. The law is a government initiative to improve people's welfare through the health and employment insurance system. According to the Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare, Agung Laksono, "Private insurance companies need not worry about the implementation of Law concerning the Social Security Administering Body (BPJS), there will still be middle to upper income groups who need their services, the law calls for the establishment of a Social Security System which will be operated by an institution that will be formed by combining two state-owned companies, namely PT Jamsostek which provides workers' social security and PT Askes which is engaged in health insurance." The merger of the two companies was expected to occur before 1 January 2014. Meanwhile, according to Suryo Bambang Sulisto, Chairman of the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (Kadin), Indonesian entrepreneurs accepted the law as something positive and Kadin members were ready to apply it in their companies.[49]
In July 2005, Yudhoyono launched the Schools Operational Assistance (BOS) program.
Other activities
On 17 August 2007, Yudhoyono proposed that eight nations that were home to some 80% of the world's tropical
During the
Yudhoyono was one of the 100 World's Most Influential People in 2009 according to
During an official visit to Australia on 9–11 March 2010, he was appointed an Honorary Companion of the
Yudhoyono was made an honorary
Assassination plot
Indonesian security forces claimed to have uncovered a plot to murder Yudhoyono, which was set on Indonesian Independence Day on 17 August 2010.[59]
Political party
During his presidency, Yudhoyono further consolidated his position within the Democratic Party. In May 2005, at PD's first National Congress, Yudhoyono was elected chairman of the executive board (Ketua Dewan Pembina).[60] In this position, Yudhoyono had the highest authority, superseding that of chairman.
2014 general election
On 27 December 2012, the daily edition of
Post-presidency
After his terms as president ended, Yudhoyono remained active in politics, being reelected as leader of his party in 2015.
After 10 years of his presidency ended on 20 October 2014, SBY was elected as President of the Assembly and Chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute for the period September 2014 to December 2016. SBY succeeded Danish prime minister (from 2009 to 2011 and since June 2015) Lars Løkke Rasmussen, the previous GGGI Council chair[65]
He continued to live with his wife Ani until her death on 1 June 2019. In November 2021, it was announced Yudhoyono was diagnosed with early-stage prostate cancer.[66]
Personal life
During his presidency, Yudhoyono lived both in the presidential
The family's eldest son,
The family's younger son,
Family tree
Raden Soekotjo 1925–2001 | Siti Habibah 1932–2019 | Sarwo Edhie Wibowo 1925–1989 | Sunarti Sri Hadiyah 1930–2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aulia Tantowi Pohan b. 1945 | Mulyaningsih | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono b. 1949 | Kristiani Herrawati Yudhoyono 1952–2019 | Pramono Edhie Wibowo 1955–2020 | Muhammad Hatta Rajasa b. 1953 | Oktiniwati Ulfa Dariah Rajasa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annisa Larasati Pohan b. 1981 | Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono b. 1978 | Edhie Baskoro Yudhoyono b. 1980 | Siti Ruby Aliya Rajasa b. 1986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Almira Tunggadewi Yudhoyono b. 2008 | Airlangga Satriadhi Yudhoyono b. 2012 | Pancasakti Maharajasa Yudhoyono b. 2015 | Gayatri Idalia Yudhoyono b. 2018 | Alisha Prameswari Yudhoyono b. 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-
Edhie Baskoro Yudhoyono
Arts and literature
In 2023, Yudhoyono opened SBY-Ani Museum and Gallery in Pacitan. The museum is dedicated to his life and the art gallery contains artworks and songs owned or created by him and his wife Ani Yudhoyono.[78]
Paintings
According to Democratic Party member Andi Mallarangeng, Yudhoyono liked to paint since his teenage years in Pacitan, but he stopped after joining AKABRI. He restarted his painting hobby after the death of his wife.[79] He also created his own painting studio named SBY Art Studio.[80] His notable artworks include No Justice No Peace (2023).[81][82]
Music
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is a musician and in his younger days was part of a band called Gaya Teruna. In the 2000s, he has come back to his early love of music by authoring and co-authoring three pop albums.[83][84]
- In 2007, he released his first music album entitled My Longing for You (English title), a collection of love ballads and religious songs. The 10-song track list features some of the country's popular singers performing the songs.[85]
- In 2009, he joined forces with Yockie Suryoprayogounder the name "Yockie and Susilo" releasing the album Evolusi.
- In 2010, he released a new third album entitled I'm Certain I'll Make It (English title)
- In 2011, he is the producer of Afgan Syahreza's single "Kembali"
Literature
- Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang (2000). Noeh, Munawar Fuad; Mustofa, Kurdi (eds.). Mengatasi Krisis, Menyelamatkan Reformasi (in Indonesian) (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Pusat Pengkajian Etika Politik dan Pemerintahan. ISBN 979-9357-00-4.
- Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang (2004). Taman Kehidupan: Kumpulan Puisi (in Indonesian) (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Yayasan Nida Utama. ISBN 979-96431-8-X.
- Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang (2004). Revitalizing Indonesian Economy: Business, Politics, and Good Governance. Bogor: Brighten Press. ISBN 979-96431-5-5.
- Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang (2005). Transforming Indonesia: Selected International Speeches (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Office of Special Staff of the President for International Affairs in co-operation with PT Buana Ilmu Populer. ISBN 979-694-876-1.
In popular culture
- In Di Balik 98, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is portrayed by Pandji Pragiwaksono.[86]
- In The Tomorrow War, Yudhoyono appears less than a second in a footage of his actual visit with the former British PM Gordon Brown on 31 March 2009, when a G20 forum was held in London. In July 2021, the Democratic Party official Herzaky Mahendra Putra said that Yudhoyono is a "protagonist" and a "deciding character".[87]
Honours
National honours
Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna) (27 October 2004)[88] | Star of Mahaputera, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Mahaputera Adipurna) (27 October 2004) | ||||||||||
Star of Mahaputera, 3rd Class (Indonesian: Bintang Mahaputera Utama) (20 August 1999)[89] | Star of Service, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Jasa Utama) (27 October 2004) | Star of Humanities (Indonesian: Bintang Kemanusiaan) (18 June 2009) | Star of the Upholder of Democracy, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Penegak Demokrasi Utama) (18 June 2009) | ||||||||
Cultural Merit Star (Indonesian: Bintang Budaya Parama Dharma) (27 October 2004)[90] | Guerrilla Star (Indonesian: Bintang Gerilya) (27 October 2004) | Sacred Star (Indonesian: Bintang Sakti) (27 October 2004) | Military Distinguished Service Star (Indonesian: Bintang Dharma) (25 November 1998) | ||||||||
Grand Meritorious Military Order Star, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Yudha Dharma Utama) (27 October 2004) | Army Meritorious Service Star, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Utama) (27 October 2004) | Navy Meritorious Service Star, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Jalasena Utama) (27 October 2004) | Air Force Meritorious Service Star, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa Utama) (27 October 2004) | ||||||||
National Police Meritorious Service Star, 1st Class (Indonesian: Bintang Bhayangkara Utama) (8 August 2001) | Grand Meritorious Military Order Star, 2nd Class (Indonesian: Bintang Yudha Dharma Pratama) (22 November 2000) | Army Meritorious Service Star, 2nd Class (Indonesian: Bintang Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Pratama) (9 May 2000) | Grand Meritorious Military Order Star, 3rd Class (Indonesian: Bintang Yudha Dharma Nararya) (2 March 2000) | ||||||||
Army Meritorious Service Star, 3rd Class (Indonesian: Bintang Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Nararya) (23 June 1999) | Military Long Service Medal, 24 Years (Indonesian: Satyalancana Kesetiaan) (1998) | Military Instructor Service Medal (Indonesian: Satyalancana Dwidya Sistha) (1987) | Timor Military Campaign Medal (Indonesian: Satyalancana Seroja) w/ 2 gold star (1979) | ||||||||
Presidential Guard Medal (Indonesian: Satyalancana Wira Siaga) | United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) Medal (1996) | Military Peacekeeping Medal (Indonesian: Satyalancana Santi Dharma) (1996) | United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (UNTAES) Medal (1996) |
Foreign honours
Ribbon | Distinction | Country | Date | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Honorary Companion of the Order of Australia (AC)
|
Australia | 9 March 2010 | [56] | |
The Most Esteemed Family Order of Brunei (DK) | Brunei | 27 February 2006 | [91] | |
Grand-collar of the Order of Timor-Leste | East Timor | 19 May 2012 | [92] | |
Order of the Crown of the Realm (DMN) | Malaysia | 11 January 2008 | [93] | |
Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu (GCL) | Papua New Guinea | 11 March 2010 | [94] | |
Grand Collar (Raja) of the Order of Sikatuna | Philippines | 23 March 2014 | [95] | |
Collar of the Order of Abdulaziz Al Saud | Saudi Arabia | 26 April 2006 | [96] | |
Darjah Utama Temasek (First Class) (DUT) | Singapore | 3 September 2014 | [97] | |
Grand Order of Mugunghwa | South Korea | 19 November 2014 | [98] | |
Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB)
|
United Kingdom | 30 October 2012 | [58] |
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{{cite book}}
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{{cite book}}
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External links
- President of Indonesia, Dr. H. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono official government website
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on Charlie Rose
- Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at IMDb
- Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- New era as Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono takes office, Rachel Harvey, BBC News, 20 October 2004
- VOA News
- Profile at Tokoh Indonesia[dead link]