Suspiria

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Suspiria (1977 film)
)
This article is about the 1977 film. For the 2018 remake of the film, see Suspiria (2018 film). For other uses, see Suspiria (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Susperia.

Suspiria
Theatrical release poster
Directed byDario Argento
Screenplay by
Based onSuspiria de Profundis
by Thomas De Quincey
Produced byClaudio Argento
Starring
CinematographyLuciano Tovoli
Edited byFranco Fraticelli
Music by
Production
company
Seda Spettacoli
Distributed byProduzioni Atlas Consorziate
Release date
  • 1 February 1977 (1977-02-01) (Italy)
Running time
99 minutes[1]
CountryItaly
Languages
  • English
  • Italian
Box office
  • 1.43 billion lire (Italy)
  • $1.8 million (North American rentals)[2]

Suspiria is a 1977 Italian supernatural horror film directed by Dario Argento, who co-wrote the screenplay with Daria Nicolodi, partially based on Thomas De Quincey's 1845 essay Suspiria de Profundis. The film stars Jessica Harper as an American ballet student who transfers to a prestigious dance academy but realizes, after a series of murders, that the academy is a front for a coven of witches. It also features Stefania Casini, Flavio Bucci, Miguel Bosé, Alida Valli, Udo Kier, and Joan Bennett, in her final film role.

The film is the first of the trilogy Argento refers to as

The Mother of Tears (2007). Suspiria has received a positive response from critics for its visual and stylistic flair, use of vibrant colors and its score by Argento and the progressive rock band Goblin
.

Suspiria was nominated for two Saturn Awards: Best Supporting Actress for Bennett in 1978, and Best DVD Classic Film Release, in 2002. It is recognised as one of the most influential films in the horror genre and has received acclaim from critics in retrospective reviews. It served as the inspiration for a 2018 film of the same title, directed by Luca Guadagnino.

Plot

Suzy Bannion, a young American ballet student, arrives in

co-ed Tanz Akademie, a prestigious German dance school. She sees another student, Pat Hingle, flee the school in terror. Suzy is refused entry to the school and forced to stay in town overnight. Pat takes refuge at a friend's apartment and tells her that something sinister happened at the school. Pat is ambushed by a shadowy figure who stabs her repeatedly and drags her to the roof of the apartment building before hanging her with a noose by throwing her through the building's skylight
. Pat's friend is also killed after being impaled by a falling giant shard of glass while trying to alert other tenants to the murder.

Suzy returns to the school the next morning, where she meets Miss Tanner, the head instructor, and Madame Blanc, the deputy headmistress. Tanner introduces Suzy to Pavlos, one of the school's servants. She also meets classmates Sara and Olga, her new roommate. Suzy experiences an unsettling encounter with one of the school's matrons and Blanc's nephew, Albert, before passing out during a dance class. When she regains consciousness, Suzy learns that Olga has thrown her out of her apartment, forcing her to live at the school with Sara in the room next door.

While the students are preparing for supper one night, maggots rain down from the ceilings of their rooms due to a shipment of spoiled food in the attic, forcing them to sleep in one of the dance studios. During the night, a woman enters the room but is obscured by a curtain hung around the room's perimeter. Sara, frightened by her hoarse and labored breathing, recognizes her as the school's headmistress, who is supposedly out of town. The next day, the school's blind pianist, Daniel, is abruptly fired by Miss Tanner when his German Shepherd bites Albert. Daniel is stalked by an unseen force while walking through a plaza that night; his dog turns on him and viciously rips out his throat.

Sara tells Suzy that she was the one on the intercom who refused her entry the night Pat was murdered. She reveals that Pat was behaving strangely before her death and promises to show Suzy the notes that she left behind. Sara finds that Pat's notes are missing and is forced to flee when an unseen assailant enters the room. They pursue her through the school before cornering her in the attic. She escapes through a small window before falling into a pit of

razor wire
, entangling her and allowing her pursuer to kill her by slashing her throat.

Suzy investigates Sara's disappearance the next morning. Tanner tells her that Sara has fled the school. Suspicious, Suzy contacts Sara's friend and former psychiatrist, Frank Mandel. He reveals that the school was established by Greek

witch. Suzy also consults with Professor Milius, a professor of the occult. He reveals that a coven
of witches perishes without their leader, from whom they draw power.

When Suzy returns to the school, she finds that everyone has left to attend the Bolshoi Ballet. After being attacked by a bat and recalling a conversation with Sara about footsteps, she follows the sound of them carefully, leading her to Madame Blanc's office. Remembering that Pat uttered the words secret and iris the night that she was killed, Suzy discovers a hidden door that opens by turning a blue iris on a mural in Blanc's office. Suzy enters the corridor and finds the academy's instructors, led by Madame Blanc, plotting her demise in the form of a human sacrifice. Albert alerts Pavlos to Suzy's presence. Suzy hides in an alcove, where she finds Sara's disfigured corpse.

Pursued by Pavlos, Suzy retreats to Helena Markos's bedroom. Suzy finds Markos sleeping, recognizing her as the headmistress by her labored breathing. She accidentally wakes her by breaking a decorative

peacock with crystal plumage. Markos renders herself invisible and taunts Suzy before reanimating Sara's mutilated corpse
to murder her. When flashes of lightning inadvertently reveal Markos's silhouette, Suzy impales her through the neck with one of the peacock's broken glass quills. Markos's death causes Sara's corpse to vanish.

Suzy flees as the school starts to implode. Madame Blanc, Miss Tanner, Pavlos and the rest of the coven perish without the power of Markos to sustain them. Suzy escapes into the rainy night as the school is consumed by fire.

Cast

Production

Development

Argento based Suspiria in part on

Graces
, there are three Sorrows: "Mater Lacrymarum, Our Lady of Tears", "Mater Suspiriorum, Our Lady of Sighs", and "Mater Tenebrarum, Our Lady of Darkness".

fairytales that were inspiring to Nicolodi, such as Bluebeard, Pinocchio, and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.[6] Nicolodi also partially based her contributions to the screenplay on a personal story her grandmother had told her, in which her grandmother had gone to take a piano lesson at an unnamed academy where she believed she encountered black magic.[6] The encounter terrified her grandmother, prompting her to flee.[6] This story, however, was later said by Argento to have been fabricated.[9] Using Nicolodi's core ideas, Argento helped co-write the screenplay, which he chose to set at a dance academy in Freiburg im Breisgau, near the German borders with Switzerland and France.[6] The lead character of Suzy Bannion was based on Snow White.[6] Initially, the characters in the film were very young girls—around eight to ten years old—but this was altered when the film's producers were hesitant to make a film with all young actors.[6] Additionally, the final sequence of the film was based on a dream Nicolodi had while she was staying in Los Angeles.[6]

Casting

American actress Jessica Harper was cast in the lead role of American ballet dancer Suzy Bannion,[10] after attending an audition via the William Morris Agency.[6] Argento chose Harper based on her performance in Brian De Palma's Phantom of the Paradise (1974).[6] Upon being cast in the film, Harper watched Argento's Four Flies on Grey Velvet (1971) to better understand the director's style.[6] Harper turned down a role in Woody Allen's Annie Hall (1977) in order to appear in the film.[11]

Argento requested Italian actress Stefania Casini for the supporting role of Sara, a request which she obliged, having been an admirer of his films.[6] Daria Nicolodi had originally planned on playing the role of Sara, but was unable to due to an injury, and Casini was brought in at the last minute.[6] German actor Udo Kier was cast in the minor supporting role of Frank Mandel.[6]

Filming

Freiburg
was replicated for the film.

The majority of Suspiria was shot at De Paoli studios in Rome, where key exterior sets (including the façade of the academy) were constructed.[12] Actress Harper described the film shoot as "very, very focused", as Argento "knew exactly what he was looking for".[6] The façade of the academy was replicated on a soundstage from the real-life Whale House in Freiburg.[6] Additional photography took place in Munich, including Daniel's death scene in the Königsplatz square, as well as the opening scene of the film, which was shot on location at the Munich Airport.[6] The scene in which Suzy meets with Dr. Mandel was filmed outside the BMW Headquarters building in Munich.[6]

Suspiria is noteworthy for several stylistic flourishes that have become Argento trademarks, particularly the use of

Snow White; it has been said from the beginning that Technicolor lacked subdued shades, [and] was without nuances—like cut-out cartoons.[14]

The imbibition process, used for

The Wizard of Oz (1939) and Gone with the Wind (1939), is much more vivid in its color rendition than emulsion-based release prints, therefore enhancing the nightmarish qualities of the film Argento intended to evoke.[6] It was one of the final feature films to be processed in Technicolor, using the last remaining machine in Rome.[15]

Post-production

Dubbing

All of the actors' dialogue was dubbed through

additional dialogue recording—a common practice in Italian filmmaking at the time.[6]

Musical score

Main article: Suspiria (1977 soundtrack)

The Italian

martial arts film Dance of the Drunk Mantis (1979) and Tsui Hark's horror-comedy We're Going to Eat You
(1980).

The main title theme was named as one of the best songs released between 1977 and 1979 in the book

mix tape, by RJD2 for the song "Weather People" by Cage[17] and by Army of the Pharaohs
in their song "Swords Drawn".

Release

Suspiria was released in Italy on 1 February 1977.

R-rating.[11] Despite initial reservations, the film's American release was commercially successful, and proved to be Fox's seventh highest-grossing release of the year in theatrical rentals.[2] Of all of Argento's films, Suspiria was his highest–grossing in the United States.[22]

Critical response

The Exorcist (1973)".[21]

Like Siskel, Bruce McCabe of

Fort Lauderdale News praised the film's "well-crafted plot", likening elements of it to the works of Edgar Allan Poe, adding: "For the seekers of superficially devilish thrills, Suspiria is just the thing."[29] A review in the Colorado Springs Gazette deemed it "a film to experience and for lovers of cinematic suspense ... Suspiria may prove to be the most harrowing shocker ever filmed."[30]

Retrospective assessment

In the years since its release, Suspiria has been cited by critics as a cult film.[31] In the book European Nightmares: Horror Cinema in Europe Since 1945 (2012), the film is noted for being an "exemplar of Eurohorror ... it is excessive but here the excess seems to entail a more forceful retardation of a narrative drive, to the extent that the narrative periodically ceases to exist."[32] Suspiria has been praised by film historians and critics for its emphasized employment of color and elaborate set-pieces; film scholar John Kenneth Muir notes that "each and every frame of Suspiria is composed with an artistic, remarkable attention to color."[33]

The Village Voice ranked Suspiria #100 on their list of the 100 greatest films made in the 20th century.

Bravo's The 100 Scariest Movie Moments program.[40] IGN ranked it #20 on their list of the 25 best horror films.[41]

On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 93% score based on 61 retrospectively collected reviews, with an average rating of 8.40/10. The website's critical consensus states: "The blood pours freely in Argento's classic Suspiria, a giallo horror as grandiose and glossy as it is gory."[42] Rotten Tomatoes also ranked it #61 on their list of the top 100 horror movies.[43] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 79 out of 100, based on 11 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[44]

Home media

Suspiria was released on DVD by Anchor Bay Entertainment in a three-disc set[45] on 11 September 2001. This release, which was a limited edition run restricted to 60,000 units, features a THX-certified video master of the film, with a second disc consisting of a 52-minute documentary and other bonus material; the third disc is a CD consisting of the original film score.[45] This release also includes a 28-page booklet and ten lobby card and poster reproductions.[46] Goblin frontman Claudio Simonetti later formed the heavy-metal band Daemonia; the DVD also contains a video of the band playing a reworking of the Suspiria theme. A standard single-disc edition was released by Anchor Bay the following month.[47]

On 19 December 2017, the independent home media distributor Synapse Films released the film for the first time on Blu-ray in the United States in a limited steelbook package.[48] This release also consists of three discs which include a 4K restoration of the feature film, bonus materials, and the original score on a compact disc.[48] A wide-release version not containing the soundtrack CD was released on 13 March 2018.[49] On 19 November 2019, Synapse released their restoration in 4K but without the soundtrack CD nor an accompanying Blu-ray disc.[citation needed]

In Italy, the film received a 4K-remastered Blu-ray release via the Italian distributor Videa in February 2017. It did not use the same 4K restoration as the US Synapse release.[citation needed]

Legacy

Three bands—the Norwegian

Back in Blood (2009).[citation needed] In 1991, the California-based instrumental band Gargamel recorded a version of the Suspiria theme featuring dulcimer and tape manipulations amongst their covers of horror film soundtrack compositions.[50]

A section of the soundtrack cues "Markos", "Witch", and "Death Valzer" were incorporated into the Australian radiophonic work What's Rangoon to You is Grafton to Me, conceived and written by radio presenter and author Russell Guy, co-narrated by Guy and former ABC-TV newsreader James Dibble, and co-produced by Guy and Graham Wyatt. It was originally broadcast in 1978 on the ABC's "youth" radio station 2JJ aka Double Jay (the Sydney-based AM-band precursor to the current Triple J network).[citation needed]

In books by Simon R. Green, mentions are often made of a "Black Forest Dance Academy" in Germany, a place where witches and Satanists gather, a possible reference to Suspiria.[citation needed]

Suspiria is featured in the documentary film

Ryan Murphy’s American Horror Story: Hotel where a character watches Suspiria on television.[citation needed
]

In March 2020, a new score, featuring members of King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard alongside other Melbourne musicians, was performed live with a screening of the film.[51]

Related works

Subsequent films

Suspiria is the first of a trilogy of films by Argento, referred to as "

The Mother of Tears (2007), focuses on Mater Lachrymarum (lit. Latin: "Mother of Tears") in Rome.[14]

Film scholar L. Andrew Cooper notes "Aesthetic experience is arguably the ultimate source of 'meaning' in all of Argento's films, but Suspiria and the other films of the Three Mothers trilogy...take their emphasis on aesthetics further by self-consciously connecting their irrational worlds to nineteenth-century romanticism and the aestheticism that grew out of it."[4]

Unfilmed remake

It was announced through MTV in 2008 that a remake of Suspiria was in production, to be directed by David Gordon Green, who directed films such as Undertow and Pineapple Express.[55] The announcement was met with hostility by some,[56] including Argento himself.[57] The film was to be produced by Italian production company First Sun.[58] In August 2008, it was reported that Natalie Portman and Annette Savitch's Handsome Charlie Films were set to produce the remake, and that Portman would play the lead role.[59] The project was also announced to be produced by Marco Morabito and Luca Guadagnino.[60] After a period of no news in which it was thought that the remake attempt had failed, Green said in August 2011 that he was still trying to remake the film.[56] It was announced on 15 May 2012 that actress Isabelle Fuhrman would be cast as the lead.[61] Later that year, however, the planned remake was put on hold. In January 2013, Green revealed that it might never happen due to legal issues.[62] In April 2014, Green admitted the remake was too expensive to make during the "found-footage boom", and thus the film was ultimately not made.[63]

In April 2015, an English-language television series based on the film—along with a series based on Sergio Corbucci's Django (1966)—was announced as being developed by Atlantique Productions and Cattleya. Both series were set to consist of twelve 50-minute long episodes, with the possibility of multiple seasons.[64][65][66][67][68]

2018 film

Main article: Suspiria (2018 film)

In September 2015, Italian director Gianluca Guadagnino announced at the

72nd Venice Film Festival that he would direct a new version of Suspiria, with the intention of using the cast of his film A Bigger Splash (Tilda Swinton, Matthias Schoenaerts, Ralph Fiennes, and Dakota Johnson).[69] In the lead-up to filming, Johnson stated that she was undertaking ballet training to prepare.[70] On 23 November 2015, Guadagnino revealed shooting would begin in August 2016.[71][72] In October 2016, it was announced that Chloë Grace Moretz would co-star, alongside Johnson and Swinton.[73] The film finished shooting on 10 March 2017[74] in Berlin.[75][76] The film was described by Guadagnino as an "homage" to the 1977 film rather than a direct remake.[77] Guadagnino's version is set in Berlin circa 1977 (the year in which Argento's film was released), with a thematic focus on "the uncompromising force of motherhood".[78][79]

Awards

  • 1978 Nominated Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress – Joan Bennett
  • 2002 Nominated
    Saturn Award
    for Best DVD Classic Film Release
  • 2018 Won Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Award in the following categories (Synapse):[80]
    • Best DVD/Blu-ray
    • Best Restoration
    • Best
      DVD Commentary
      – David Del Valle and Derek Botelho
    • Best
      DVD extra
      – A Sigh from the Depths: 40 Years of Suspiri, directed by Daniel Griffith

See also

References

  1. ^ "Suspiria (18) (CUT)". British Board of Film Classification. 28 July 1977. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  2. ^ a b Solomon 1989, p. 233.
  3. ^ McDonagh 2010, p. 146.
  4. ^ a b Cooper 2012, p. 88.
  5. ^ McDonagh 2010, p. 29.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Hertz, Gary (director) et al. (2001). Suspiria 25th Anniversary. Anchor Bay Entertainment.
  7. ^ McDonagh 2010, p. 130.
  8. P.F. Collier & Son (published 1909–1914) – via Bartleby.com. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help
    )
  9. ^ "Dario Argento – Film and Music: Interviews". Bizarre. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  10. ^ Bosco, Scott Michael (2001). "Jessica Harper Interview". Suspiria (booklet). Anchor Bay Entertainment.
  11. ^ a b c Kalat, David. Suspiria. Turner Classic Movies. In the Know.
  12. ^ Curti 2017, p. 133.
  13. ^ Bondanella 2009, p. 323.
  14. ^ a b c McDonagh 2010, p. 138.
  15. ^ jrhodes (21 May 2009). "Dario Argento's Suspiria: A Visual and Aural Masterwork". Indiana Public Media. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  16. ^ Kay, Tony (10 October 2014). "'Suspiria': A Rookie's Guide to a Horror Classic". CityArts Magazine. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  17. ^ "Symphony Of Fear: Hip Hop's Best Horror Movie Theme Samples". Hip Hop DX. 28 October 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  18. ^ a b Buchanan, Jason. "Suspiria". AllMovie. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  19. ^ "20th Century-Fox acquired Dario Argento's " Suspiria " for U.S. release". Variety. varietyultimate.com. 11 May 1977. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  20. ^ McDonagh 2010, p. 149.
  21. ^ a b Siskel, Gene (8 August 1977). "Fox covers its prints on its part in 'Suspiria'". Chicago Tribune. p. 7 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  22. ^ Allmer, Huxley & Brick 2012, p. 15.
  23. ^ Maslin, Janet (13 August 1977). "'Suspiria,' a Specialty Movie, Drips With Gore". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  24. ^ Thomas, Kevin (26 August 1977). "'Suspiria': Highly Stylized Horror". Los Angeles Times. p. 23 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  25. The San Francisco Examiner. p. 31 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  26. ^ McCabe, Bruce. "'Suspiria' is fitful". The Boston Globe. p. 29 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  27. ^ Kehr, Dave (26 October 1985). "Suspiria". chicagoreader.com. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  28. ^ Hoberma, J. (1 September 2009). "Suspiria Shock: Two Runs in Two Weeks – Page 1 – New York – Village Voice". The Village Voice. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  29. Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  30. ^ "'Suspiria' horror sensation". Colorado Springs Gazette. Colorado Springs, Colorado. 27 August 1977. p. 29-D – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  31. ISBN 978-0-8108-7656-9
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  32. ^ Allmer, Huxley & Brick 2012, p. 14.
  33. ^ Muir 2007, p. 511.
  34. ^ Dirks, Tim. "100 Best Films of the 20th Century". Filmsite.org. AMC. Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2017.
  35. ^ Smith, Adam. "Empire's Suspiria Movie Review". empireonline.com. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
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  43. ^ "Top 100 Horror Movies – Rotten Tomatoes". www.rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
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  53. ^ Cooper 2012, pp. 87–92.
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  55. ^ Adler, Shawn (5 March 2008). "David Gordon Green Confirms 'Suspiria' Remake". MTV. Retrieved 10 September 2015.
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  69. ^ "Luca Guadagnino Talks Making 'Splash,' Next Is 'Suspiria' Redo". Variety. 6 September 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  70. AnOther Magazine
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  73. ^ Kroll, Justin (3 October 2016). "Chloe Moretz Joins Dakota Johnson and Tilda Swinton in Luca Guadagnino's 'Suspiria' Remake (EXCLUSIVE)". Retrieved 18 December 2017.
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  77. Guardian News and Media. Archived
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  79. ^ "Empire – Luca Guadagnino Discusses Suspiria Remake". Empire. 8 September 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
  80. ^ "The Rondo Hatton Classic Horror Awards – Honoring the best in classic horror research, creativity and film preservation".

Bibliography

External links

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