Sutton, London
Sutton | |
---|---|
From top, left to right: Manor Park fountain; Thomas Wall Centre and clock; Trinity Church spire; old inn sign above town centre crossroads; multicoloured facades in Sutton High Street | |
Location within Greater London | |
Population | (2021)[1] |
OS grid reference | TQ255645 |
• Charing Cross | 10 mi (16 km) NNE |
London borough | |
Ceremonial county | Greater London |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | SUTTON |
Postcode district | SM1–SM3 |
Dialling code | 020 |
Police | Metropolitan |
Fire | London |
Ambulance | London |
UK Parliament | |
London Assembly | |
Sutton is a town in the London Borough of Sutton in South London, England. It is the administrative headquarters of the Outer London borough, on the lower slopes of the North Downs. It is 10 miles (16 km) south-southwest of Charing Cross, one of the thirteen metropolitan centres in the London Plan. The population of the town was counted as 41,483 in the 2011 census, while the borough overall counted 204,525.
An ancient parish originally in the county of Surrey, Sutton is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as having two churches and about 30 houses. Its location on the London to Brighton turnpike from 1755 led to the opening of coaching inns, spurring its growth as a village. When it was connected to central London by rail in 1847, it began to grow into a town, and it expanded further in the 20th century. It became a municipal borough with Cheam in 1934, and became part of Greater London in 1965.[2]
Sutton has the largest library in the borough, several works of
Crime levels are among the lowest in London.[3]
Sutton borough is among the highest performing education authorities in the country. In 2011 it was the top performing borough for
History
Origin of the name
The placename Sutton is recorded in the 1086 Domesday Book as Sudtone. It is formed from Old English 'sūth' and 'tūn', meaning 'south farm'.[5]
Pre 1700
Archaeological finds in the region date back thousands of years, including the excavation of a Roman villa in Beddington. An implement from the neolithic age was found in Sutton town centre.[6] The Roman road of Stane Street formed part of the northern boundary of the parish.
Sutton was recorded as Sudtone in a charter of Chertsey Abbey believed to date from the late 7th century, when the Manor was granted to the Abbot of Chertsey by Frithwald, Governor of Surrey. Some sources state the name as Suthtone or Sudtana.
The 1086 Domesday Book records Sutton as spanning about 800 acres, and having about 30 houses and 200 people.
From the time of Domesday until the 19th century, Sutton formed a parish in the
Jose Glover, who was Rector of Sutton from 1628 to 1636, became a pioneer of printing in the English colonies of North America and one of the people instrumental in establishing Harvard College in the 1630s.[12][13]
1700 to 1900
The road from London to Banstead Downs, through Sutton, was a haven for highwaymen in the 18th century.[14] In 1755, two turnpike roads, which met at Sutton, were built: one from London to Brighton (Brighton Road), the other from Carshalton to Ewell (Cheam Road). The toll bars for the roads were originally located by the Cock Hotel, a coaching inn at the junction. The inn's sign straddled the Brighton road.[15]
The London to Brighton stagecoach began in 1760, and the Cock Hotel was the 9am stop for coaches leaving the city. Regular contact beyond the town brought expansion and sophistication. Small businesses opened up, at first related to travelers and later to provide goods for neighbouring areas.[7] The toll bars moved away from the junction as Sutton expanded, remaining in use until 1882.[8]
Sutton railway station was opened in 1847. Following the arrival of the new, fast link to central London, Sutton's population more than doubled between 1851 and 1861, and the village became a town. New housing was built in the Lind Road area, and called "New Town". A pub built in 1854 on the corner of Lind Road was named the Jenny Lind, after the famous Swedish opera singer Johanna Maria Lind, who was visiting friends in the area in 1847 and enchanted locals with her singing. It has recently been renamed the Nightingale, also after the singer, who was known as the Swedish Nightingale.[7]
In about 1852 a residential school was built alongside the Sutton to Epsom Downs railway near Brighton Road. The building was designed by Edwin Nash and contained administrative, dining, dormitory and teaching areas. Boys were taught manual skills like shoemaking and metal working. Girls were taught such skills as needle work, laundry work, and ironing with a view to making them good servants, wives and mothers. Up to 1856, when large parts of it were destroyed by fire, the boys' and girls' sections were on the same site but after 1856 the girls' were moved into a new building on the other side of the railway in Banstead Road (now called Cotswold Road).[16]
Sutton Water Company was incorporated in 1863, and the provision of water mains allowed houses to be built outside the
The High Street near the top was known as Cock Hill until the 1880s – the shops on the east side were built in 1880, ten years after those on the west side.[17] The grand and decorative London and Provincial Bank building (now home to Barclays Bank) was built overlooking the historic crossroads in 1894. Designed in the French Renaissance architectural style, it is four storeys tall and forms a prominent local landmark. There is a series of arches at ground level, and an ornate entrance where the roads meet.[6][9][18]
In 1884
In 1899 Sutton County Grammar School (now
In 1897 Sutton
In 1898 a new, larger Cock Hotel replaced the original one.[20]
20th century
By 1901, the town's population had reached 17,223 as further housing was built and the High Street was developed.[21]
In 1902 the Banstead Road site of the South Metropolitan
The Sutton Adult School and Institute opened in 1910 in a large Edwardian building in Benhill Avenue. It later became the Thomas Wall Centre,
During World War II bombing was not as heavy as in central London – 434 bombs in total were dropped on Sutton and Cheam, and the Commonwealth War Graves Commission lists 187 civilian casualties.[24]
In 1950, in order to widen the High Street, the Cock Hotel was demolished. However, the inn sign and its fingerposts survive, overlooking the historic crossroads.[25] The sign and fingerposts were given Grade II listed status by English Heritage on 18 April 2018.[26]
In 1959 a local resident, George Edgar Alcock, started a campaign to preserve a unique avenue of copper beech trees. This campaign led the same year to the formation of the Sutton and Cheam Society, a local amenity group. A plaque commemorating Mr Alcock's life is situated at the junction of Christchurch Park with Brighton Road.[27]
Governance
Sutton came within the area of the
In 1928 the area of the urban district was expanded to include the parish of Cheam, and renamed Sutton and Cheam. The town became a municipal borough in 1934, and the civil parishes were merged in 1949.[10] The municipal borough was abolished in 1965 and its former area became part of the London Borough of Sutton in Greater London.
For Westminster elections, Sutton is part of the
On a local level, the London Borough of Sutton Council has been run by a Liberal Democrat majority since 1990.
Population and demography
1881 | 10,334 |
---|---|
1891 | 13,977 |
1901 | 17,223 |
1911 | 21,270 |
1921 | 21,063 |
1931 | 27,989 |
Absorbed by Sutton and Cheam parish ► | |
source: UK census[28] |
Most of Sutton, including the town centre, falls under the SM1 postcode area, though places south of Sutton railway station are part of SM2 instead, and the western part of Sutton Common is in SM3.
The population of the town, comprising the Sutton Central, Sutton West, Sutton North and Sutton South wards, was 41,483 in the
A majority of the town's population is in the middle class ABC1 social group.[30]
Geography
Geology, soil and elevations
Sutton is one of several towns located on a narrow bed of
Elevations in and around the town range from 115 metres (377 ft)
stream.Location
Sutton has formed part of
Its location is 4.2 miles (6.8 km) west of Croydon, 3.8 miles (6.1 km) north-east of Epsom and 5.8 miles (9.3 km) south-east of Kingston upon Thames.
Green spaces
In addition to the St Nicholas church grounds, there are two areas of green space within the town centre, Sutton Green and Manor Park.
Sutton Green is at the northern end of Sutton High Street, near All Saints Church. It is bordered by a row of detached Victorian villas to the west, the High Street to the east and Bushey Road to the south. The green dates from 1810, when it was awarded to the residents of Sutton under the Sutton Common Enclosure Award. Victoria Gardens, a smaller area of green space which once included a pond, lies across the road from Sutton Green.[34]
To the north of Sutton Green are Rose Hill Park East and Rose Hill Park West, to the east and west respectively of the main thoroughfare Angel Hill/Rosehill. Rose Hill Park East contains Greenshaw Woods, for which Greenshaw High School is named.
Manor Park lies opposite the police station. It was opened by the chairman of the then Sutton Urban District Council in 1914, and its fountain was added in 1924–1925. A plaque on the pool surround states: "This fountain was presented to the town by Councillor Chas Yates Chairman of Sutton U.D.C.1924–25"[35]
The park is the site of the Sutton War Memorial, which was unveiled in 1921 by Sir Ralph Forster, a resident whose son had died in the war.[36][37] The memorial, in portland stone, consists of a large ornamental cross on a plinth.[38] 524 men who died in the First World War are commemorated on the memorial. There are four angels on the plinth overlooking the park.[38]
The current Manor Park Café opened in October 2010. It is
In the south of Sutton starts Banstead Downs, which extends for around a mile south towards neighbouring Banstead. Banstead Downs is a large Site of Special Scientific Interest, covering 430 acres (170 ha). Banstead Golf Course is on the northern slopes.
- Local Nature Reserves
Sutton contains two
- The Anton Crescent Wetland reserve has ponds, willow carr and reedbeds. It provides a habitat for birds such as the green sandpiper and common snipe.[42]
- Devonshire Avenue Nature Area is a Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade II. It is mainly neutral grassland. A notable species is the small blue butterfly, which is rare in the borough.[43]
Architecture
Sutton is mainly the product of the railways, which arrived in the town in the mid-19th century. So, although it already existed (as a village with coaching inns) in the horse and carriage era, most of the town's earliest architecture is Victorian. [
The High Street and the central area housing has a majority of
The most prominent examples of 21st century architecture include the Aspects and Lamborne apartment buildings and the new police station extension. Aspects was created out of a former office building; it was reclad in a terracotta colour and three additional floors were added at the top for penthouses. With a total of eighteen floors, it can be seen from across Sutton. By contrast, the Lamborne was newly built.
In 2003 the extension to Sutton Police Station was completed and officially opened the following year by Commissioner Sir John Stevens. The extension, which is far larger than the original Edwardian listed building to which it is attached, is used by Sutton CID, the criminal justice unit and the borough intelligence unit.[7]
Conservation areas
There are four conservation areas in the town of Sutton (among several others within the wider borough of Sutton). One is in the town centre and the other three are residential. The areas are:
- The Sutton Town Centre High Street Crossroads Conservation Area, which was designated in 2011 and is noted for the "vivid, Victorian, polychrome brick and stone façades" of the High Street buildings.[48]
- The Landseer Road Conservation Area of grand, finely detailed, Edwardian villa houses.[49]
- The Grove Avenue Conservation Area of mainly modernist houses.[48]
- The Sutton Garden Suburb Conservation Area, whose homes in the
Russettings
Russettings is a large house built in 1899 on a 3⁄4-acre plot at 25 Worcester Road. It was among the last of several similar upper-middle-class houses built in the vicinity. It was originally occupied by George Smith and his wife Mary, who was the sister of local benefactor
Features include gabled roofs, large chimneys, bay windows, a green copper dome and a porch with a tiled roof and marble floor. With the newly formed London Borough of Sutton in 1965, the house became the Sutton
Places of worship
There are three churches in the town centre: Trinity Church and St Nicholas Church on St Nicholas Way and Sutton Baptist Church on Cheam Road.
Other churches in the town include All Saints Church in the north, St Barnabas in the east and Christ Church in the south (all Anglican); and two Roman Catholic churches, Our Lady of the Rosary to the east, and the Church of the Holy Family by Sutton Green. The
Sutton Synagogue is located on Cedar Road, south of the town centre.[52]
Trinity United Reformed and Methodist Church
The Grade II listed Trinity Church is in the
The present building, officially opened in 1907, was renamed Trinity Methodist Church following the
Sutton Baptist Church
In contrast to the other two town centre churches, the Baptist Church is relatively modern—it was designed by the architect
The church is noted within the borough for its contemporary brick design with long walls and concave sweeps in the
St Nicholas Church
The Grade II listed St Nicholas Church[57] is the oldest of the three town centre churches, and is surrounded by a small ancient graveyard, which is wooded. It is in ecumenical partnership with other denominations and in a Team Ministry with other Anglican churches.
Many of Sutton's notable historic residents are buried in the churchyard. These include Mr Horward Orme, the final owner of the manor house; Dorothy Mason, wife of Sir William Brownlow, 4th Baronet; William Talbot, 1st Earl Talbot; and 185 orphans from the Metropolitan District School. The orphans' graves are marked by a memorial put up by the church's Sunday school children in 1921. A large World War II bomb landed on the churchyard in 1940. It destroyed several graves, but the church building itself remained intact.[17]
All Saints Church
Just to the north of Sutton town centre at the foot of Angel Hill in All Saints Road is All Saints Church,
There is a historic churchyard around the church, which includes several significant tombs. It is wooded, including yew trees beside the path to the north porch.[59]
English Heritage describe the church as "a very fine building in the decorated style of the early 14th century".[60]
St. Barnabas Church
To the east of the town centre is St Barnabas Church, which was built between 1882 and 1884 by architects R H Carpenter and Benjamin Ingelow. Its purpose was to serve the Newtown area of Sutton, which was developed in the second half of the 19th century.
Architecturally, the church is a red brick building with stone dressings, and is in the
Christ Church
To the south of the town centre in Christchurch Park sits Christ Church, Sutton. It was built in 1888 by architects Newman & Jacques. Additions were made c. 1910 to 1912 by J D Round.[63]
The church was built as part of the 19th century expansion of the town. With the growing population to the south of the parish church of St Nicholas in the town centre, the need was recognised for the people living in the south to have a more local church. The building was sited among the then lavender fields east of Brighton Road. The church has the largest auditorium in Sutton, and comprises a
Church of Our Lady of the Rosary and Church of the Holy Family
To the east of the town centre, on St Barnabas Road, is the Church of Our Lady of the Rosary. It was built and consecrated in 1892, before it was enlarged in 1912; in 1932 the church's current
The Church of the Holy Family, though closer to the town centre, is more recent, starting as Holy Family Church Hall in the 1960s. The current church was built in 1988, two years after being given its own parish.[66]
Culture
Sutton has a range of public art, a large library, a music venue and a cinema and theatre. It is a hub for filming in south-west London.[67]
Sutton Central Library's Art Gallery Space
Sutton Central Library's Art Gallery aims to provide the London Borough of Sutton's residents with a wide range of contemporary art, heritage and history experiences. The gallery space is available for hire to professional artists, collectives and non-profit groups wishing to exhibit their work individually or as a group. Entrance to the gallery and access to the exhibition is free for all members of the public, except for specific events.
Imagine festival of arts
In 2006 the annual Imagine festival of arts was launched. It has since gained Arts Council England funding.[68]
Public art
Sutton town centre contains six main works of
Sutton heritage mosaic
There is a large
It was designed by Rob Turner, and shows several aspects of Sutton's heritage and local history. The centre-piece is the depiction of Henry VIII's palace at Nonsuch.[70]
A plaque describing the panels was installed in 2011, and unveiled by Councillor Graham Tope, who said:
This beautiful mosaic has been a much-loved feature of our High Street for the past 17 years.....I hope this plaque will help [people] to appreciate it even more."[69]
Wellesley Road mural
There is a large mural in Wellesley Road, about a hundred yards south of the railway station. It was created by the street artist, Eva Mena, who is from
It was commissioned by the owner of a cleaning firm keen to promote local art, and depicts an image of Erykah Badu, the American singer-songwriter. The painting covers the entire side wall of Indepth House, a small office building occupied by the firm.
Sutton twin towns mural
The twin towns mural is a set of seven individual paintings inset within seven mock window frames on the side of a Victorian commercial building at the junction of the High Street with Sutton Court Road. The paintings depict scenes of the London Borough of Sutton and its four European twins:
The paintings were designed and painted on to plywood by public artists, Gary Drostle and Rob Turner and were unveiled in 1993 on the 25th anniversary of Sutton's twinning with Wilmersdorf. The five twins are each painted with their heraldic shield above images of their key features. Each twin also has its own plant to symbolise environmental awareness; for Sutton this is a beech tree, from which Carshalton Beeches in the borough gets its name.[74][75]
Sutton armillary
The
The armillary is a popular feature of the town, and it continues to provide a focus for the town centre.[77] It marks not just the new millennium but also the central part that the Rotary has played in the welfare of Sutton since 1923.
It was originally installed in the former "Millennium Garden", but was slightly re-positioned in 2011 to the edge of the central square, in front of the Waterstones bookshop.
The Messenger
The Messenger statue is a sculpture in bronze with very dark patination completed by David Wynne, OBE in 1981 of a large horse and rider. The horse, with a slightly raised left leg, looks towards the railway station. The rider, seated bareback, raises his left hand in the air above his head and his right hand to his mouth, as if calling. It is fully life-size and mounted on a 7-foot plinth of marble and granite slabs. The total height is 150 inches (3.8 m).[78]
The statue was commissioned by the then Business Press International Ltd, and upkeep of the work now falls to
Transpose 2002
Transpose 2002 is a sculpture by Michael Dan Archer, located at the junction of Carshalton Road and Langley Park Road, about 250 yards from the town's historic central crossroads. It is 7 metres (23 feet) in height, 1.5 metres (5 feet) in width and 1.5 metres in depth, and made of Chinese granite and stainless steel. It is composed of a steel blade-like structure next to a granite form. The blade contains a grid allowing the sun to shine through on to the granite.[80][81]
The sculpture was commissioned jointly by Chartwell Land, B&Q and the London Borough of Sutton.[82][83] As its name suggests, it dates from 2002. Archer says his sculptures "primarily invoke the massiveness and physicality of stone and its relationship to architecture, humanity and landscape".[84][85]
The design, location and dimensions of Transpose 2002 all combine to make it a significant landmark for those entering Sutton town centre from an easterly direction along Carshalton Road.
Rainbow crossing
In mid-2020, a permanent rainbow pedestrian crossing in honour of the borough's
“Having a rainbow crossing will show visitors to Sutton that we are signalling an inclusive environment for LGBTQ+ communities – we are showing our true colours as an open, diverse and accepting borough and we have Pride in our hearts.”[86][87]
Transgender crossing
In May 2021 the country's first transgender pedestrian crossing was painted in Sutton town centre towards the northern end of Sutton High Street. Its installation was timed to coincide with International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia.[88]
Cllr Jake Short, Sutton Council's Lead Member for Equalities, said: “I am delighted to see this celebration of the richness and diversity that our transgender community brings to Sutton. Until transgender people and other minority groups are able to live without fear of discrimination or hate, we must continue to demonstrate our support and stand with them to clearly demonstrate our commitment to eliminating transphobia.”[89]
Diversity mural
Sutton Council is planning to create a large mural in the town centre celebrating diversity in the borough. Using local artists, it will be installed on the wall of Sutton College on St Nicholas Way. Completion was expected in the summer of 2021.[90]
Commemorative bench
A bench dedicated to female victims of male violence was unveiled in Trinity Square in Sutton town centre in March 2022, created by local artists Samia Tossio and Hana Horack, following the murders in 2021 of
Sutton mayor, Trish Fivey, said at the unveiling: "Today, we're here to unveil this very moving tribute to all women and girls who have died as a result of male violence, no matter who they were or where they lived." Also present was Sarah McGuinness, chair of Reclaim Sutton's Streets, who said: "Campaigning to end violence against women and girls ... can be met with resistance ... but the movement grows ... as day after day women are abused and killed. Having such a beautiful mosaic memorial not only shines light on all the women who have been lost to male violence, it also educates and calls to action ..."[92][93][94][95]
Literary facilities
Sutton Library is situated close to the top of the town, near St Nicholas Church, and is part of a complex which contains the Civic Offices and Sutton College. It is the largest library in the borough. Opened in 1975, it was extensively refurbished in 2004 to meet changing customer needs. It was the first public library to appoint a library writer-in-residence; the first to establish a CD and video lending library; and the first to offer a full public library service on Sundays. The library is arranged over four storeys, and the lending and reference facilities extend to a reader's lounge; café and shop; IT facilities; opportunities to listen to music; and a children's library themed around the world's environments.[96]
Art exhibitions are held in the library's Europa Gallery.
Sutton Life Centre
The Sutton Life Centre situated in Alcorn Close, just off Sutton Common Road, is an £8 million facility designed to improve life chances for younger people and encourage good citizenship. Aiming to encourage community engagement and involvement, the centre was opened on 27 October 2010 by the then Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg.[97]
The centre's key feature – The Lifezone – is a virtual street, a room with giant projection screens on all walls using film-set technology. It aims to provide an "immersive learning environment" through the use of surround sound, evocative lighting and interactive features. Using these media, pupils are shown real-life scenes from Sutton's streets to teach them about citizenship, personal safety and the environment.[98][99][100]
Theatre and cinema
- Theatre
The
- Cinema
The former Granada Cinema opened in 1934 as the Plaza Theatre in Carshalton Road, where Sutton Park House now stands.
- Planned cultural hub
A new cultural hub, combining cinema, theatre, performing arts classes, food and drink is planned for late 2023. To be known as Throwley Yard, it will take over the premises of a former nightclub in Throwley Road in Sutton town centre. The renovation of the premises is being funded by the Government's Future High Streets Fund, and the facility will be run by Really Local Group. The local Council sees it as part of its commitment to the local economy and culture "by creating spaces for community, business, and artists to grow". It will be carbon-neutral.[108]
Media
Along with Wimbledon Studios, Sutton is a hub for filming in south-west London.[67]
The Return of Mr Bean was filmed in Sutton High Street.[109]
Episodes of The Bill were filmed in Sutton.
The
Scenes for the
Music
Sutton Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1946. It has given an average of three concerts every season.[citation needed]
The 300 capacity Boom Boom Club in West Sutton host rock gigs.[111][112]
The Sound Lounge
The
On 1 July 2021 the venue became the country's first grassroots music venue to be certified as carbon neutral. A wide variety of measures have been put in place to achieve neutrality. In addition to the fully plant-based menu for the café, these include getting all energy from renewable sources, not sending any waste to landfill and maintaining an allotment garden on site for zero-carbon produce for the café.[117]
The Rolling Stones
The Rolling Stones were first spotted at the Red Lion public house (now the Winning Post) in Sutton High Street. The band played several early gigs there in 1963, and, during one, the audience included impresario/music manager Giorgio Gomelsky, who spotted the band and signed them up for a residency at Richmond's Crawdaddy Club, months before they made the charts.[118][119][120] It was at the pub that Charlie Watts and Bill Wyman, on 23 January 1963, became permanent members of the band:[121]
January 23, 1963: Charlie Watts and Bill Wyman become permanent members of the Rolling Stones with this day's gig at the Red Lion Pub in Sutton, Surrey.
In 2011, the Winning Post was added to a list of buildings and structures of local significance.[122][123]
Economy
Sutton is one of the eleven major metropolitan centres identified in the London Plan[124] in a borough that benefits from very low crime by London standards. The town contains a major retail district, centred on Sutton High Street.
Sutton has over 6,800 businesses, an increase of about 19% since 1994.
G4S has offices in the large Sutton Park House building opposite Manor Park. Crown Agents Bank, a provider of the wholesale foreign exchange and cross-border payments services, is headquartered in Quadrant House,
in the town centre.
There is a town centre manager, who works in partnership with local businesses, the police and transport providers to promote the centre and its economic development. The manager acts as the focal point for a range of initiatives funded by the council and other partners. "Opportunity Sutton"[128] and Sutton Chamber of Commerce[129] also play a part in the local economy.
Health and research
Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research
The
In 2014, The Royal Marsden Hospital, the Institute of Cancer Research and the co-located St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust set out a vision for a "world class" life sciences cluster ("Sutton for Life") on the site, focusing on the provision of enhanced facilities for drug discovery.[131] The then Mayor of London, Boris Johnson, visited the facility that year, and lent his support to the plans for what would be the world's second biggest cancer research campus.[132]
In December 2014, the Institute was named in The Times Higher Education league table the country's leading university, ahead of Oxford and Cambridge, in recognition of its contribution to society.[133]
In June 2023 the Oaks Cancer Centre was opened by Prince William. Patients, clinicians and researchers will all be co-located in the centre to promote improved collaboration. The new Charles Wolfson Rapid Diagnostic Centre, which will provide people with quicker diagnoses, is based in the centre. Prince William said: "As President of The Royal Marsden, I am delighted to be here with you today to celebrate the opening of a remarkable treatment and research facility, that will transform the lives of cancer patients. The Oak Cancer Centre is a major milestone in both The Royal Marsden's history and the future of early diagnosis...For the first time, this state-of-the-art Centre brings together hundreds of researchers alongside patients. This will deliver truly integrated "bench to bedside" studies that will speed up the development and translation of new personalised treatments – not just for Royal Marsden patients here, but for cancer patients worldwide."[134][135]
London Cancer Hub
In February 2016, further plans for the site were released: the "London Cancer Hub", a partnership between the Institute of Cancer Research, the
The London Cancer Hub includes a new secondary school, which specialises in the life sciences.[141] Leisure facilities in the form of shops, cafés and hotel space for patients and families are also planned.[137] The Hub is expected to be twice the size – at 265,000 square metres – of the existing research and treatment space. It will facilitate collaboration between different scientific fields. By 2018 the Institute of Cancer Research will develop the first phase of the plans with 20,000 square metres of drug discovery facilities.[142]
In September 2016 Sutton Council's housing, economy and business committee approved a provisional framework of the plans. It was noted that site's transformation would attract a total investment of £1 billion over its lifetime.[143]
In March 2021 it was announced that a new "Innovation Gateway" would open in the London Cancer Hub in Sutton in late 2021.[144] The first business occupying the Innovation Gateway, a medical technology company developing a technology platform to support personalised dose administration, moved in in July 2022.[145]
In October 2021, the Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, sited in a new 7,300 square metre building costing £75 million, was opened by
Town centre regeneration
Several major building projects are underway or have recently been completed in the town centre:
Sutton Point, at the southern end of the town centre, will include a hotel, apart-hotel, apartments (with a car club), a health club, shops, restaurants and office space. Construction of the £90 million scheme was awarded by the developer CNM to the building firm Ardmore, and was due for completion in December 2018.[147][148]
The Old Gas Works,[149] a major development by LXB Retail Properties at the north end of the High Street, including apartments, a Sainsbury's supermarket, retail units and a landscaped square with fountain[150] was completed in 2016.[151] The scheme represented a £50 million investment in the town.[152]
Subsea 7 has expanded in Sutton, making it the site of its new world headquarters. The firm moved within the town to a new, purpose-built, five-storey, 17,500 square metre office building. Four hundred jobs were created, mainly by relocation, taking the workforce in Sutton to 780.[153] Construction of the £39 million development by Galliford Try started in 2014, and was completed in late 2016.[154]
In September 2015 the council appointed a design team led by Bilfinger GVA to produce plans covering the next 15 years for the central area of the town. The plans include identifying sites for new housing and commercial space, a possible new primary school and improved transport links, including the introduction in 2020 of trams to Sutton station. The plans require the retention of the "high-quality Victorian, Edwardian and Mock Tudor buildings that reflect the historic core of the town centre"[155]
In June 2016 a masterplan titled "Sutton 2031: Planning for our Future" was published by the council. Its plans include new developments, enhanced public space and improvements to transport. It will include:
- "A range of immediate High Street projects"
- "Transforming the St Nicholas Centre"
- "Creating a new south London destination with culture, leisure and restaurant activity"
- "Redeveloping the Civic Centre"[156]
Heritage Action Zone
In March 2017 it was announced that Sutton town centre had been designated one of the first ten Heritage Action Zones by Historic England. Gaining this status will unlock resources to enhance the historic environment, including the conservation area, to encourage economic growth. Heritage will be made a central consideration for new developments in the area to retain the town's distinct architectural nature.[157][158][159]
Retailing
- Retailing history
Retailing has been a major part of the Sutton economy since the Victorian era. The oldest retail business currently operating in Sutton, Pearson Cycles, dates from the 1860s – it was originally a blacksmith shop, but in the 1890s changed to bicycle making and repair. The Pearsons have run the cycle business from the same High Street location ever since.[6] It has been recognised by Guinness World Records as the oldest bicycle shop in the world.[160]
- Retail environment
Sutton is London's sixth most important retail centre, and attracts shoppers from a wide area.[161] Sutton High Street runs for nearly a mile from Sutton Green to Sutton station, and hosts many of the country's main high street names.[162]
It is often the chosen location for new retail ventures,[161] for example the Sutton branch of the Waterstones bookshop chain was the first to have a café installed.[163]
- Shopping centres
There are two covered
- Restaurants and bars
Sutton has several restaurants, patisseries, coffee bars, gastropubs and bars, including the country's first branch of All Bar One.[166] The central area is pedestrianised, and the extra space encourages the provision of pavement seating.
Sutton's range of restaurants has expanded in recent years, and now includes examples of
- Pop-up market
A "pop-up" market is held every month at the northern end of Sutton High Street. It is part of a programme to support local entrepreneurs starting their own business. Products and crafts on sale include natural cosmetics, jewellery and handmade clothing.[171]
- Street performance
The high street and town square host street performances, including music, arts and theatre. Markets are held from time to time, including French, Italian and Continental markets, as well as arts and crafts fairs.[172][173]
In August and September the high street hosts the outdoor "Sunset Cinema," where films are shown in the evening to an audience seated in deckchairs.[174][175] The scheme, the only one of its kind in London, aims to encourage greater use of local restaurants and bars.[176] The High Street has hosted a country music festival with live music and dancing for the last two summers.[177] A temporary mini-golf course is set up during August.[178]
- Green wall
There is a green wall or "vertical garden" in the shopping area, designed aesthetically and to improve air quality and biodiversity. It provides additional breeding and nesting options in the vicinity and safeguards local flora and fauna. It helps to offset the carbon footprint, lowers the heat island effect of the urban area and reduces smog from traffic fumes. The green wall covers the façade of a large High Street store, and is in bloom all year round.[179][180] [181]
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Metro bank building (formerly Burton's menswear)
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The Barclay's bank building overlooking the historic crossroads
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Multicoloured High Street facades
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The Sunset Cinema
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The Green Wall on Sutton High Street
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Buildings and shopfronts in the High Street conservation area near the station
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The Shinner & Sudtone pub frontage
Transport
The fastest of the Victoria-bound trains from Sutton station take 25 minutes (stopping at Carshalton and Clapham Junction).
As well as these direct trains to central London, there are also direct services to destinations outside central London including
West Sutton and Sutton Common stations are both on the Thameslink lines to Wimbledon and on to central London direct. Being on the Thameslink line, they continue on to stations both within and the other side of London.
Local bus services are operated by London General, London United, Transport UK London Bus and Metrobus. There are express coach services to Heathrow Airport and Gatwick Airport.[182][183]
Road traffic is diverted away from a largely pedestrianised town centre, and there are many designated cycle routes in Sutton, along with links to neighbouring towns.[184] There are three main car parks in the town centre and a car club.[185]
In 2014 a consultation was held into options for the route of a proposed Tramlink extension from Wimbledon to Sutton.[186][187]
Notable people
See London Borough of Sutton for complete borough-wide list. The individuals listed below are specifically linked to the town of Sutton.
- Martin Adams, professional darts player, was born in Sutton
- Joan Armatrading, singer-songwriter and musician, lived in Sutton in the 1970s
- Ben Barnes, actor, attended Homefield Preparatory School
- David Bellamy, broadcaster and botanist, attended Sutton Grammar School
- Sally Bercow, wife of the former Speaker of the House of Commons, John Bercow
- Johnny Borrell, guitarist, singer and frontman of the band Razorlight
- Alec Clifton-Taylor, architectural historian and broadcaster, was born in Sutton
- Noël Coward, actor and playwright, lived in Lenham Road between the ages of seven and ten[188]
- Constance Cox, playwright and scriptwriter, born in Sutton[189]
- James Cracknell OBE, Olympic gold medallist in rowing
- raconteurwas born in Sutton
- Clark Datchler, lead singer of Johnny Hates Jazz
- Jack Draper, professional tennis player, born in Sutton[190]
- Brett Goldstein, actor, comedian and writer, was born in Sutton in 1980
- Charles Hazell, recording artist better known by the stage name Sketchman, was born in Sutton in 1988
- Catherine Holman, actress, born in Sutton.
- Jon Hiseman, drummer with the pioneering progressive jazz-rock band Colosseum, was born in Sutton
- James Hunt, racing driver and 1976 Formula One World Champion, lived in Sutton as a child
- Archibald Joyce, waltz composer, at 75 Langley Park Road from 1932 until his death in 1963.
- Penelope Keith, actress, and famous for her role in The Good Life, was born in Sutton
- Sutton High School
- Rebecca Litchfield, photographer, was born in Sutton
- S Club 7, attended Greenshaw High School
- Robbie McIntosh, air guitarist first strummed his tennis racket in Sutton High Street
- Katie Melua, award-winning singer, songwriter and musician, lived in Gander Green Lane, Sutton
- Sutton High School[191]
- Brian Paddick, Baron Paddick, the British Liberal Democrat politician, attended Sutton Grammar School for Boys[192]
- OBE, diplomat, attended Sutton Grammar School.
- Sidney Richard Percy, painter, lived in Mulgrave Road, Sutton.[193]: 97
- Frank Potter, artist and art teacher, was born in Sutton in 1896.[193]: 100
- Michael Reeves, film director and screenwriter, best known for the 1968 film Witchfinder General
- Gavin Roynon, cricketer and military historian, was born in Sutton.
- Sutton High School.
- Sir Goon Show cast, was a local resident and personality. The Secombe Theatrein Sutton is named after him.
- Marianna Spring, disinformation correspondent for the BBC, attended Sutton High School.
- Ian Stewart, co-founder of The Rolling Stones.
- Graham Sutherland, painter, etcher and designer, attended Homefield Preparatory School, Sutton.[194]
- Baron Tope of Sutton, Liberal Democrat politician
- Tyler West, DJ and TV presenter
- BBC Weather Centremanager lives here
- Zacron, born Richard Drew, designer of the Led Zeppelin III album cover
Education
Schools
Sutton is the principal town in the London Borough of Sutton, a top performing borough for education. The town is home to a significant number of the borough's schools, including one of its boys' grammar schools, its boys' preparatory school and its girls' private secondary school.
Primary schools
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Secondary schools
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In 2013 Sutton's GCSE performance was second across all boroughs in England.[195] In 2011 Sutton was the top performing borough in England.[196] For more performance information see London Borough of Sutton.
Adult education
The main centre of Sutton College, originally named Sutton College of Liberal Arts, is based in Sutton. The college offers over 1000 part-time courses at its borough-wide centres.
Sport
Sutton Common Rovers F.C. play in the Isthmian League South Central Division.
Sutton Cricket Club is based in Cheam Road. The club's 1st XI plays at the highest level of the sport available to it, the Surrey Championship Premier Division, which they won in 2009.[198]
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- Bibliography
- Charles J. Marshall (1971). History of Cheam & Sutton. S.R. Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0-85409-649-3.
- Robert P. Smith (1970). A History of Sutton AD 675–1960. Published by Derek W. James, no ISBN.
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Further reading
- Thorne, James (1876), "Sutton", Handbook to the Environs of London, London: John Murray,
- OCLC 3009761
- H.E. Malden, ed. (1912), "Sutton", A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4
External links
- Manor Park (1927). Three-minute amateur film shot in 1927 from Sutton Local Studies and Archive showing various aspects of Sutton town centre, including people at leisure in Manor Park and a policeman directing traffic at the main crossroads.
- Sutton Carnival Procession (1933). Three-minute film from 1933 covering spectators in Mulgrave Road near Sutton railway station and a carnival procession, which includes a fire engine and several floats from a range of organisations and businesses.
- "Trolleybus Route 654 in Sutton Surrey, 1950s" Five-minute film shot in the late 50s, showing the trolloybus route