Syracuse, New York
Syracuse | ||
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City | ||
Common Council Members' List | ||
Area FIPS code | 36-73000 | |
GNIS feature ID | 0966966 | |
Website | syr.gov |
Syracuse (
Formally established in 1820, Syracuse was named after the classical Greek city
Syracuse is the economic and educational hub of Central New York. It hosts a number of convention sites, including a large
History
French missionaries were the first Europeans to come to this area, arriving to work with and convert the Native Americans in the mid-17th century. At the invitation of the
Jesuit missionaries reported salty brine springs around the southern end of what they referred to as "Salt Lake", known today as Onondaga Lake in honor of the historic tribe. French fur traders established trade throughout the New York area among the Iroquois. Dutch and English colonists also were traders, and the English nominally claimed the area, from their upstate base at Albany, New York. During the American Revolutionary War, the highly decentralized Iroquois divided into groups and bands that supported the British, and two tribes that supported the American-born rebels, or patriots.
Settlers came into central and western New York from eastern parts of the state and New England after the American Revolutionary War and various treaties with and land sales by Native American tribes.[7] The subsequent designation of this area by the state of New York as the Onondaga Salt Springs Reservation provided the basis for commercial salt production. Such production took place from the late 1700s through the early 1900s. Brine from wells that tapped into halite (common salt) beds in the Salina shale near Tully, New York, 15 miles south of the city, was developed in the 19th century.[8][9] It is the north-flowing brine from Tully that is the source of salt for the "salty springs" found along the shoreline of Onondaga Lake. The rapid development of this industry in the 18th and 19th centuries led to the nicknaming of this area as "The Salt City".
The original settlement of Syracuse was a conglomeration of several small towns and villages and was not recognized with a post office by the
The first
The salt industry declined after the Civil War, but a new manufacturing industry arose in its place. Throughout the late 1800s and early 1900s, numerous businesses and stores were established, including the Franklin Automobile Company, which produced the first air-cooled engine in the world; the Century Motor Vehicle Company; the Smith Corona company; and the Craftsman Workshops, the center of Gustav Stickley's handmade furniture empire.
On March 24, 1870, Syracuse University was founded. The State of New York granted the new university its own charter, independent of Genesee College, which had unsuccessfully tried to move to Syracuse the year before.[13] The university was founded as coeducational. President Peck stated at the opening ceremonies, "The conditions of admission shall be equal to all persons... there shall be no invidious discrimination here against woman.... brains and heart shall have a fair chance... "[14] Syracuse implemented this policy and attracted a high proportion of women students. In the College of Liberal Arts, the ratio between male and female students during the 19th century was approximately even. The College of Fine Arts was predominantly female, and a low ratio of women enrolled in the College of Medicine and the College of Law.[14]
The first
As part of the racial incidents happening all over the country during the 1919 Red Summer, on July 31, 1919, there was a violent riot between white and black workers of the Syracuse Globe Malleable Iron Works.
Syracuse is home to the only "green on top" traffic light. The "green on top" traffic light was installed in 1928 as a result of local youths throwing rocks at the "British red" light that was originally on top. These locals became known as "stonethrowers" and the neighborhood now has the Tipperary Hill Heritage Memorial on the corner of Tompkins Street and Milton Avenue to commemorate this history.[16]
World War II stimulated significant industrial expansion in the area: of specialty steel, fasteners, and custom machining. After the war, two of the Big Three automobile manufacturers (
The manufacturing industry in Syracuse began to falter in the 1970s, as the industry restructured nationwide. Many small businesses failed during this time, which contributed to the already increasing unemployment rate. Rockwell International moved its factory outside New York state. General Electric moved its television manufacturing operations to Suffolk, Virginia, and later offshore to Asia. The Carrier Corporation moved its headquarters out of Syracuse, relocated its manufacturing operations out of state, and outsourced some of its production to Asian facilities. Although the city population has declined since 1950, the Syracuse metropolitan area population has remained fairly stable, growing by 2.5 percent since 1970. While this growth rate is greater than much of Upstate New York, it is far below the national average during that period.
The Syracuse Community Grid project is a 2023 highway teardown project taking place in Downtown Syracuse, with the goal of improving the city.[17]
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Historic Clinton Square
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Erie Canal in Syracuse
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Fayette Street
Geography
Syracuse is located at 43°2′49″N 76°8′40″W / 43.04694°N 76.14444°W (43.046899, −76.144423).[18] It is located about 87 miles (140 km) east of Rochester, 150 miles (240 km) east of Buffalo, and 145 miles (230 km) west of the state capital, Albany. It is also the halfway point between New York City and Toronto, about 245 miles (390 km) from each, Toronto to the northwest and NYC to the southeast.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 66 square kilometres (25.6 square miles), of which 65 square kilometres (25.1 square miles) is land and 1.6 square kilometres (0.6 square miles) (2.15%) water.
The city developed at the northeast corner of the Finger Lakes region. The city has many neighborhoods that were originally independent villages, which joined the city over the years. Although the central part of Syracuse is flat, many of its neighborhoods are on small hills such as University Hill and Tipperary Hill. Land to the north of Syracuse is generally flat, while land to the south is hilly.
About 27 percent of Syracuse's land area is covered by 890,000 trees — a higher percentage than in
The densest tree cover in Syracuse is in the two Valley neighborhoods, where 46.6 percent of the land is covered by trees. The lowest tree cover percentage is found in the densely developed downtown, which has only 4.6 percent trees.[19]
Syracuse's main water source is Skaneateles Lake, one of the country's cleanest lakes,[20] located 15 mi (24 km) southwest of the city. Water from nearby Onondaga Lake is not potable due to industrial dumping that spanned many decades, leaving the lake heavily polluted.[21] Incoming water is left unfiltered,[22] and chlorine is added to prevent bacterial growth. Most of the environmental work to achieve lake cleanup was scheduled to be completed by 2016; however Honeywell, the company tasked with the cleanup, announced the project's completion in late 2017.[23][24] For periods of drought, there is also a backup line which uses water from Lake Ontario.[25]
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Winter in Syracuse
Neighborhoods
This section needs to be updated.(July 2018) |
The City of Syracuse officially recognizes 26 neighborhoods within its boundaries. Some of these have small additional neighborhoods and districts inside of them. In addition, Syracuse also owns and operates Syracuse Hancock International Airport on the territory of four towns north of the city.
Syracuse's neighborhoods reflect the historically ethnic and multicultural population. Traditionally, Irish, Polish and Ukrainian Americans settled on its west side (see Tipperary Hill); Jewish Americans on its east side; German and Italian Americans on the north side; and African-Americans on its south side. In recent years, large numbers of refugees from the Middle East have settled mainly on the north side as well.
Climate
Syracuse has a
The
Syracuse on average receives an annual precipitation of 38.47 inches (977 millimeters), with the months of July through September being the wettest in terms of total precipitation,[29] while precipitation occurs on more days each month during the snow season.[31]
The normal monthly mean temperature ranges from 23.6 °F (−4.7 °C) in January to 71.3 °F (21.8 °C) in July.[29] The record high of 102 °F (39 °C) was recorded on July 9, 1936, and the record low of −26 °F (−32 °C) has occurred three times since 1942, the last being February 18, 1979.[29]
In the early 21st century, a handful of previous heat records have been broken in the city. For example, July 2020 became the hottest month on record, with a mean temperature of 77.1 °F (25.1 °C), while the summers (June–August) of 2005, 2020, and 2012 were, respectively, the hottest, third-hottest, and fourth-hottest summers on record.[32][33] Additionally, 2017 and 2018 saw consecutive monthly high temperature records broken in February, of 71 °F (22 °C) on February 24, 2017,[34] and 75 °F (24 °C) on February 21, 2018,[35] in addition to four consecutive days at or above 60 °F (16 °C).[34] The latter was the warmest winter day on record.[35]
Climate data for Syracuse Hancock International Airport, New York (1991–2020 normals,[b] extremes 1902–present[c]) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 70 (21) |
75 (24) |
87 (31) |
92 (33) |
96 (36) |
100 (38) |
102 (39) |
101 (38) |
98 (37) |
89 (32) |
81 (27) |
72 (22) |
102 (39) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 57.1 (13.9) |
54.3 (12.4) |
66.9 (19.4) |
80.6 (27.0) |
87.8 (31.0) |
91.2 (32.9) |
92.8 (33.8) |
91.4 (33.0) |
88.4 (31.3) |
79.6 (26.4) |
68.7 (20.4) |
59.1 (15.1) |
94.3 (34.6) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 31.7 (−0.2) |
33.6 (0.9) |
42.4 (5.8) |
56.4 (13.6) |
69.2 (20.7) |
77.3 (25.2) |
81.7 (27.6) |
80.3 (26.8) |
73.1 (22.8) |
60.1 (15.6) |
48.3 (9.1) |
37.1 (2.8) |
57.6 (14.2) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 24.1 (−4.4) |
25.5 (−3.6) |
33.8 (1.0) |
46.3 (7.9) |
58.2 (14.6) |
67.0 (19.4) |
71.8 (22.1) |
70.4 (21.3) |
62.9 (17.2) |
51.3 (10.7) |
40.5 (4.7) |
30.4 (−0.9) |
48.5 (9.2) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 16.5 (−8.6) |
17.5 (−8.1) |
25.2 (−3.8) |
36.2 (2.3) |
47.3 (8.5) |
56.7 (13.7) |
62.0 (16.7) |
60.4 (15.8) |
52.7 (11.5) |
42.4 (5.8) |
32.7 (0.4) |
23.7 (−4.6) |
39.4 (4.1) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | −6.1 (−21.2) |
−3.0 (−19.4) |
5.3 (−14.8) |
23.2 (−4.9) |
34.1 (1.2) |
43.9 (6.6) |
51.9 (11.1) |
49.3 (9.6) |
38.0 (3.3) |
28.8 (−1.8) |
17.5 (−8.1) |
3.6 (−15.8) |
−9.6 (−23.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | −26 (−32) |
−26 (−32) |
−16 (−27) |
7 (−14) |
25 (−4) |
34 (1) |
44 (7) |
38 (3) |
25 (−4) |
18 (−8) |
−1 (−18) |
−26 (−32) |
−26 (−32) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.58 (66) |
2.46 (62) |
3.04 (77) |
3.48 (88) |
3.42 (87) |
3.56 (90) |
3.86 (98) |
3.70 (94) |
3.38 (86) |
3.89 (99) |
3.23 (82) |
3.28 (83) |
39.88 (1,013) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 34.0 (86) |
30.3 (77) |
19.8 (50) |
3.0 (7.6) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.2 (0.51) |
9.8 (25) |
30.6 (78) |
127.8 (325) |
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) | 12.9 (33) |
13.5 (34) |
11.1 (28) |
1.4 (3.6) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
4.1 (10) |
9.9 (25) |
18.5 (47) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 18.9 | 16.6 | 15.5 | 14.5 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 11.7 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 15.1 | 15.9 | 18.5 | 173.7 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 17.8 | 15.2 | 10.1 | 2.5 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 5.9 | 13.6 | 65.5 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
73.2 | 72.3 | 69.6 | 65.2 | 67.1 | 69.9 | 70.5 | 74.9 | 76.4 | 74.3 | 75.4 | 76.8 | 72.1 |
Average dew point °F (°C) | 15.3 (−9.3) |
16.3 (−8.7) |
24.1 (−4.4) |
33.3 (0.7) |
45.1 (7.3) |
55.0 (12.8) |
59.9 (15.5) |
59.7 (15.4) |
53.1 (11.7) |
41.7 (5.4) |
32.7 (0.4) |
21.7 (−5.7) |
38.2 (3.4) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 102.8 | 116.7 | 172.5 | 204.4 | 243.1 | 260.6 | 289.3 | 247.1 | 193.0 | 144.3 | 76.7 | 69.0 | 2,119.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 35 | 40 | 47 | 51 | 53 | 57 | 62 | 57 | 51 | 42 | 26 | 25 | 48 |
Source: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point, and sun 1961–1990)[29][31][37] |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
See or edit raw graph data.
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 22,271 | — | |
1860 | 28,119 | 26.3% | |
1870 | 43,051 | 53.1% | |
1880 | 51,792 | 20.3% | |
1890 | 88,143 | 70.2% | |
1900 | 108,374 | 23.0% | |
1910 | 137,249 | 26.6% | |
1920 | 171,717 | 25.1% | |
1930 | 209,326 | 21.9% | |
1940 | 205,967 | −1.6% | |
1950 | 220,583 | 7.1% | |
1960 | 216,038 | −2.1% | |
1970 | 197,208 | −8.7% | |
1980 | 170,105 | −13.7% | |
1990 | 163,855 | −3.7% | |
2000 | 146,070 | −10.9% | |
2010 | 145,170 | −0.6% | |
2020 | 148,620 | 2.4% | |
Historical Population Figures[38] 2020[2] |
Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2010[39] | Pop 2020[40] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
76,653 | 68,206 | 52.80% | 45.89% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
40,672 | 43,568 | 28.02% | 29.32% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
1,390 | 1,170 | 0.96% | 0.79% |
Asian alone (NH) | 7,971 | 10,346 | 5.49% | 6.96% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 37 | 57 | 0.03% | 0.04% |
Some Other Race alone (NH) | 303 | 897 | 0.21% | 0.60% |
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 6,108 | 8,751 | 4.21% | 5.89% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 12,036 | 15,625 | 8.29% | 10.51% |
Total | 145,170 | 148,620 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the census of 2010,
The largest ancestries include
There were 57,355 households, out of which 29% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 9.3% were married couples living together, 20.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.4% were non-families. 38.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.14.
The city's age distribution was as follows: 19% of residents were under the age of 15, 23% from 15 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 91 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.89 males.
According to the 2014 estimates from the American Community Survey, the median income for a household in the city was $31,566, and the median income for a family was $38,794. Males had a median income of $39,537 versus $33,983 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,283. About 28.2% of families and 35.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 and over.
As of 2017, the United States Census Bureau indicated an estimated population of 146,396.
Syracuse ranks 50th in the United States for
In 2021, Syracuse experienced a population growth for the first time in over 70 years, growing 0.24%[46]
Work Area Profile Report[47]
Worker Age
Count | Share(%) | |
---|---|---|
Age 29 or younger | 22,597 | 22.6 |
Age 30 to 54 | 53,867 | 53.8 |
Age 55 or older | 23,694 | 23.7 |
Earnings
per month | Count | Share(%) |
---|---|---|
$1,250 or less | 23,734 | 23.7 |
$1,251 to $3,333 | 30,833 | 30.8 |
More than $3,333 | 45,591 | 45.5 |
Religion
This section needs additional citations for verification. (March 2022) |
Religion[48] | % of Population |
---|---|
Percent religious | 56.0% |
Catholicism | 36.2% |
Other Christian | 16.3% |
Islam | 1.4% |
Eastern religion (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism) | 1.2% |
Judaism | 0.9% |
Christianity: Most Christians in Syracuse are Catholic, reflecting the influence of 19th and early 20th-century immigration patterns, when numerous Irish, German, Italian and eastern European Catholics settled in the city. The city has the
Another major historic church is the
The
Buddhism: Buddhism is represented by the Zen Center of Syracuse on the Seneca Turnpike; as well as a center on Park Street, on the city's Northside.
Judaism: Several synagogues are located in the Syracuse metropolitan area, including Beth Shalom-Chevra Chas, Temple Adath Yeshurun, Shaarei Torah Orthodox Congregation of Syracuse, and Temple Concord, considered the ninth-oldest Jewish house of worship in the United States.[50]
Sikhism: The gurdwara is at the Sikh Foundation of Syracuse, in Liverpool.
Unitarian Universalism: Two Unitarian Universalist societies in Syracuse: May Memorial Unitarian Society and First Unitarian Universalist Society of Syracuse.
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Assumption Church
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First Baptist Church
Economy
Formerly a manufacturing center, Syracuse's economy has faced challenges over the past decades as industrial jobs have left the area. The number of local and state government jobs also has been declining for several years. Syracuse's top employers now are primarily in higher education, research, health care and
Micron Technology semiconductor mega-complex
Micron Technology plans to spend up to $100 billion building a mega-complex of computer chip plants in Syracuse's northern suburbs, about a 15-minute drive from downtown Syracuse, in what would be the largest single private investment in New York history.[51]
Micron Technology announced it will begin construction in 2024.
Micron's Syracuse investment was influenced by passage of the
Top employers
Top employers in the Syracuse region and the size of their workforce include the following:[55][56]
- State University of New York Upstate Medical University: 10,959[57]
- Syracuse University: 5,700[58]
- St. Joseph's Health (Syracuse, New York) (Trinity Health): 4,755
- Wegmans Food Markets: 3,713[56]
- Crouse Hospital: 3,100[55]
- Amazon 2,500[59]
- Loretto (elder care services): 2,476[60]
- Lockheed Martin Corp.: 2,300[61]
- National Grid USA: 2,200[55]
- Carrier Corporation: 1,552[55]
- SRC Inc 1500[62]
- Syracuse VA Medical Center (Veterans Health): 1,400[56]
- Baxter (Welch Allyn) 1000[63]
Tallest buildings
Since 1927 the State Tower Building has been the tallest in Syracuse.
Name | Height | Floors | Use | Built |
---|---|---|---|---|
State Tower Building | 95 m | 23 | Office
|
1928 |
AXA Tower I
|
82 m | 19 | Commercial office
|
1966 |
AXA Tower II
|
82 m | 19 | Commercial office
|
1971 |
Business districts
In addition to the dominant Destiny USA shopping mall in Syracuse's Lakefront neighborhood, many of the city's more traditional neighborhoods continue to have active business districts:
- Downtown: Armory Square has replaced South Salina Street as the main retail and dining area of Downtown Syracuse. Armory Square has around 30 dining establishments, around 20 pubs, bars and clubs, and over 50 other retail stores. Similarly, but on a smaller scale, there is the Hanover Square area.
- Eastwood: Calling itself "the village within the city", this former village still has a retail corridor along James Street.
- Little Italy: A neighborhood with Italian origins, Little Italy (part of the Near Northeast neighborhood) has several blocks of bakeries, restaurants, pizzerias, shops, and services. Before large-scale Italian immigration, this neighbourhood was heavily populated by German immigrants.[64]
- Sears Home[65]designed by many noted architects. The neighborhood has historically been home to city leaders, state politicians, and leaders in Syracuse's industry and economy.
- Hiawatha lake in Onondaga Park.
- University Hill: Marshall Street, along with its terminus South Crouse Avenue, is lined with stores, bars, and restaurants, primarily catering to the student population on "The Hill", as well as the over 25,000 people who work there daily. East Genesee Street at the northwestern corner of the neighborhood has several retail establishments, as well.
- Westcott: This neighborhood east of University Hill is inhabited by a wide variety of people, increasingly including some college students as the university grows but still primarily local families and residents. Single-family homes and two-unit apartments comprise the majority of housing. Westcott is known as a bohemian and liberal quarter, and each September hosts the Westcott Street Cultural Fair. The main business district is on Westcott Street between Beech and Dell streets and includes restaurants, bars, a consignment shop, and other businesses.
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Columbus Circle, Syracuse, NY
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Franklin Square
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Buildings in Downtown
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The Amos Block building in downtown
Arts and culture
Performing arts
Live
. The Polish Festival hosted Grammy winners Jimmy Sturr and his Orchestra, Polish music legend Stan Borys and Irena Jarocka, Grammy nominee Lenny Goumulka, LynnMarie, Dennis Polisky & The Maestro's Men, Jerry Darlak and the Buffalo Touch & The John Gora Band.Syracuse was home to the 75-member Syracuse Symphony Orchestra (SSO), founded in 1961.[66] The SSO's former music directors include Daniel Hege,[67] Frederik Prausnitz[68] and Kazuyoshi Akiyama.[69] The orchestra performed over 200 concerts annually for an audience of over 250,000.[citation needed] The SSO filed for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy in 2011 and was replaced by the Syracuse Symphoria in 2013.[70]
The Clinton String Quartet has been active for over 15 years and is based in the Syracuse area. All four members were also members of the Syracuse Symphony Orchestra.
The Syracuse Friends of Chamber Music for more than a half century have presented a series of concerts by various chamber ensembles.
The Society for New Music, founded in 1971, is the oldest new music organization in the state outside of New York City, and the only year-round new music group in upstate New York. The Society commissions at least one new work each year from a regional composer who awards the annual Brian Israel Prize to a promising composer under 30 years of age and produces the weekly "Fresh Ink" radio broadcast for WCNY-FM.
The Syracuse Opera Company is a professional company that generally performs three operas each season. Founded in 1963 as the Opera Chorus of the Syracuse Symphony Orchestra, it became independent in 1973. In addition to full performances, it offers several free outdoor concerts each year in Armory Square, Thornden Park, and elsewhere. The company has an annual budget of US$1 million and is the only professional opera company in upstate New York.
The Syracuse Shakespeare Festival is a charitable, educational, not-for-profit corporation dedicated to performing the works of William Shakespeare. It was founded in 2002 and is best known for its annual free Shakespeare-in-the-Park program at the Thornden Park Amphitheatre that has attracted more than 12,000 people since its inception.
Syracuse Stage presents experimental and creative theater; a number of its productions have been world premieres and have moved to Broadway.[citation needed] The venue was designed by its most famous former artistic director Arthur Storch. Its artistic director is Robert Hupp.
The Red House Arts Center, which opened in 2004, is a small theater housed in a converted hotel that offers performances by local, national, and international artists, and hosts regular exhibits in its art gallery, and screenings of
Syracuse is also known for a large contemporary music scene, particularly in the heavy metal, hardcore, ska, and punk rock genres.[71][72] From 1997 to 2003, Syracuse (or its suburbs) was home to Hellfest, a major hardcore music festival.
Museums and art galleries
prose. is available. (December 2019) |
- I.M. Pei, features one of the most extensive pottery collections in the United States along with works of American art, dating from the 18th century to the present. This collection includes paintings, sculptures, drawings, photography, and video.
- Erie Canal Museum is a museum dedicated to preserving the history of the Erie Canal and its role in Syracuse's growth.
- International Mask and Puppet Museum is a museum in Little Italy focusing on masks and puppets, the latter of which are also used in educational performances for children.
- Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology is a museum in the Armory Square neighborhood that features exhibits in science and technology.
- Onondaga Historical Association Museum & Research Center, at 321 Montgomery Street downtown, features exhibits on the past of the Syracuse region and contains historical archives relating to the area's history. Its exhibits include a presentation of the history of the Underground Railroad.
- Syracuse and Onondaga County Fire Museum, will occupy the space of the former Syracuse Fire Department fire station 4 on Wolf Street, built in the 1800s (plans announced October 2020).[73]
Public libraries
City libraries[77]
- Central Library
- Beauchamp Branch Library
- Betts Branch Library
- Hazard Branch Library
- Mundy Branch Library
- Northeast Community Center Library
- Paine Branch Library
- Petit Branch Library
- Soule Branch Library
- Southwest Community Center Library
- White Branch Library
Suburban libraries[78]
- Baldwinsville Public Library
- Brewerton NOPL
- Cicero NOPL
- DeWitt Community Library
- East Syracuse Free Library
- Elbridge Free Library
- Fairmount Community Library
- Fayetteville Free Library
- Jordan Bramley Library
- LaFayette Public Library
- Liverpool Public Library
- Manlius Library
- Marcellus Free Library
- Maxwell Memorial Library
- Minoa Library
- North Syracuse NOPL
- Onondaga Free Library
- Salina Library
- Skaneateles Library
- Solvay Public Library
- Tully Free Library
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Joe Biden speaking at Syracuse University
Education
Primary and secondary schools
The Syracuse City School District[79] consists of 34 schools and 4 alternative education programs.[80] In the 2014–2015 school year, the K-12 enrollment was 20,084.[81] 15% of students were classified as English Language Learners, 20% as students with disabilities, and 77% as economically disadvantaged.[81] The drop-out rate was 6%.[81] Syracuse City School District is collaborating with Say Yes to Education with the goal of every public school student graduating high school with the preparation and support to attain, afford, and complete a college or other postsecondary education.[82] They are also one of the "Big 5," which consists of the five New York State School districts with populations over 125,000.[83] "Big 5" school budgets are approved by annually by the Board of Education and city government as opposed to voters in an annual vote.[83]
Colleges and universities
One of Syracuse's major research universities is Syracuse University, located on University Hill. It had an enrollment of 22,484 for the 2017–2018 academic year.[84] Immediately adjacent to Syracuse University are two doctoral-degree granting universities, the
Also serving Syracuse are
Other colleges and universities in the area include
Parks and recreation
The City of Syracuse maintains over 170 parks, fields, and recreation areas, totaling over 1,000 acres (4.0 km2).[85] Burnet Park includes the first public golf course in the United States (1901) and Rosamond Gifford Zoo. Other major parks include Thornden Park, Schiller Park, Sunnycrest Park, Onondaga Park and Kirk Park. There are 12 public pools, two public ice rinks (Sunnycrest and Meachem), and two public nine-hole golf courses (Burnet and Sunycrest Parks) in the city. Onondaga Park, located in the historic Strathmore neighborhood, features Hiawatha Lake, and a beautiful gazebo, often used for prom photos and wedding shoots.
Right outside the city proper, along the east side and north end of Onondaga Lake, is Onondaga Lake Park. The adjacent Onondaga Lake Parkway is closed to vehicular traffic several hours on Sundays during the summer months, so it can be used for walking, running, biking, and rollerblading. During the holiday season, the park hosts Lights on the Lake, a two-mile (3.2 km) drive-through light show.
-
Upper Onondaga Park in Strathmore
-
Inner harbor at Onondaga Lake
Sports
Current teams
Club | Sport | League | Founded | Venue | League titles |
Championship years |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Syracuse Mets | Baseball | IL | 1934 | NBT Bank Stadium | 8 | 1935, 1942, 1943, 1947, 1954, 1969, 1970, 1976 |
Syracuse Stallions | Basketball | TBL[86] | 2018 | Manlius Pebble Hill School | 0 | N/A |
Syracuse Upstate Trojans | Basketball | ABA | 2023 | Tipp Hill Community Center | 0 | N/A |
Syracuse Crunch | Ice hockey | AHL | 1994 | Upstate Medical University Arena
|
0 | N/A |
Syracuse FC | Soccer | NPSL | 2017 | Onondaga Community College | 0 | N/A |
Collegiate teams
School | Nickname | Colors | Association | Conference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Syracuse University | Orange
|
Orange and blue | NCAA Division I-A
|
ACC |
Le Moyne College | Dolphins | Green and gold | NCAA Division I | NEC |
Onondaga Community College | Lazers | Carolina blue and white | NJCAA Division III | Mid-State Athletic Conference |
SUNY Environmental Science and Forestry | Mighty Oaks | Green, white and gold | USCAA | HVIAC |
Syracuse University sports are by far the most attended sporting events in the Syracuse area. Basketball games often draw over 30,000 fans, and football games over 40,000. The university has bred dozens of famous professional players since starting an athletics program in the late nineteenth century, including all-time greats Ernie Davis, Jim Brown, Larry Csonka and Dave Bing. Both teams play in the JMA Wireless Dome.
In addition to many former professional minor league teams, Syracuse was previously the home of several top-level pro teams, most notably the
Government
Executive
The city is headed by an elected
Legislative
The legislative branch of Syracuse is the Syracuse Common Council. It consists of a president and nine members:[89][90]
|
|
Judicial
The Onondaga County Supreme and County Court is the trial court of general jurisdiction for Syracuse. It is also the administrative court for the Fifth District of the
The
Media
syracuse.com is the most popular local media site in Central New York, according to ComScore, with an average of 3.98 Million unique users. Advance Media NY is the home of syracuse.com, which also produces the local newspaper, The Post-Standard. The two media units combined reach 422,000 in the Syracuse DMA, according to Nielsen, 2022. Advance Media NY is a digital media and marketing agency which helps businesses tell their stories in print, digital and visuals.
Radio
Newspapers
Syracuse has one major daily morning newspaper,
Before the merger with the evening paper, the Post-Standard was named among the "10 best newspapers in America with a circulation of under 100,000" by Al Neuharth of USA Today (run by a competing organization). Since the merger, circulation has increased to over 120,000. Even outside of its four-county delivery area, the paper is available in many convenience stores and supermarkets from the Canada–US border to the New York–Pennsylvania border. The newspaper partly caters to this audience as well, covering many stories from the Ithaca, Utica, and Watertown areas. Since opening a new printing press in 2002, the paper calls itself "America's Most Colorful Newspaper," as almost every page contains color.
There are other popular free newspapers, including Eagle Newspaper's downtown edition, the City Eagle, and Table Hopping, which focuses on the restaurant and entertainment scene. Additionally, there's a weekly newspaper, CNY Vision, that publishes news and information focusing on the local African American community.
There is also a Hispanic-based monthly publication, called the CNY Latino newspaper, published by the CNY Latino Media Consortium (www.cnylatino.com) in BOTH paper format and online at www.cnylatinonewspaper.com, covering not only the city of Syracuse, also all the cities and towns between Rochester & Albany AND Watertown & Binghamton.
Magazines
The Syracuse area is covered in a regional lifestyle publication called "The Good Life, Central New York Magazine," mostly known as "Central New York Magazine" (www.readcnymagazine.com). The magazine is bi-monthly (six issues per year) and offers print + digital and digital only subscriptions; it is also sold at local independent retailers, Wegmans, Tops Friendly Markets, and Barnes & Noble. The magazine covers the greater Syracuse and Central New York area, including Onondaga, Oswego, Madison, Oneida Cortland, Tompkins and Cayuga counties.
Central New York Magazine premiered in May 2006 and tells "positive and uniquely CNY stories." Coverage areas include local shops and small businesses, regional travel destinations, food and drink, home decor, attractions and things to do, artisans, changemakers and area trends.
Television
According to
Additionally, networks such as Cornerstone Television channel 11 & 22, Univision, and MTV2 are broadcast by low-power television stations.[92]
Syracuse University's student-run TV station is CitrusTV. CitrusTV programming is broadcast on the university campus on the Orange Television Network.
Syracuse's cable television provider is
Infrastructure
Transportation
Public transit
Syracuse is served by the Central New York Regional Transportation Authority, or Centro. Centro operates bus service in Syracuse and its suburbs, as well as to outlying metropolitan area cities such as Auburn, Fulton, and Oswego.
Proposed public transit projects
In 2005, local millionaire Tom McDonald proposed an aerial tramway system, called Salt City Aerial Transit (S.C.A.T.), to link the university to the transportation center. The first segment from Syracuse University to downtown was estimated to cost $5 million, which McDonald planned to raise himself. Due to perceived low operating costs, the system was envisioned as running continuously.[93]
Rail
Syracuse (
The Empire Service runs twice daily in each direction between Niagara Falls, NY and New York Penn Station, with major stops in Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Utica, and Albany along the way. The Maple Leaf runs once daily in each direction, and follows the same route as the Empire Service, however instead of terminating in Niagara Falls, it continues on to Toronto.
Empire Service and Maple Leaf trains stop at the seasonal New York State Fair – NYF station during the New York State Fair's annual run each August. The NYF Station is located along the southern part of the fairgrounds, near the historic train car display of the Central New York Chapter, of the National Railway Historical Society.
The Lake Shore Limited runs once daily in each direction between Chicago and Boston or New York City (via two sections splitting Albany-Rensselaer). It follows the same route as the Empire Service and Maple Leaf between New York City and Buffalo-Depew, where it diverges and continues on through Cleveland and Toledo to Chicago.
A regional commuter rail service,
Bus
Air service
Syracuse is served by the
Major highways and roads
- Interstate 81 runs north–south through Syracuse, and provides access to Canada, Pennsylvania and points south. Its downtown portion is extremely narrow, only consisting of four lanes and few onramps. The highway was known as the Penn-Can Expressway when first built, leading to the Penn-Can Mall and other similarly named developments. It will soon be rerouted to follow I-481's route around the city instead of going through downtown. The current route will be redesignated as Interstate 81 Business.[94]
- New York City.
- Interstate 690 runs east–west through the city, and provides access to Interstate 90, as well as to Syracuse's northwestern and eastern suburbs. A spur off I-690 directly west of the city, NY 695, provides freeway access to the southwestern suburbs. It meets Interstate 81 in downtown Syracuse in a highly complex and incomplete intersection. Most of its routing through the city directly replaced the former elevated rail lines of the New York Central four-track mainline, a fact quite notable by the city's former main rail terminal, where the freeway spans the width between the terminal and its outermost platform. In 1981 artist Duke Epolito erected sculptures of "passengers" on the single remaining passenger platform. The piece is entitled "Waiting for the Night Train."[95]
- Interstate 481 forms an eastern loop around the city and continues to the northwest as NY 481 to Fulton and Oswego, on the shore of Lake Ontario. The highway was built to provide rapid access to eastern suburbs after the affluent community members in Manllius and Fayetteville squashed the original design to extend Interstate 690 to serve the eastern suburbs. The highway is soon to be replaced in designation by Interstate 81.[94]
Community Grid
In late May, 2023, The Community Grid project was officially approved for construction in the Syracuse. The highly controversial plan consists of removing the I-81 viaduct that runs through the downtown of the city, and replacing it with the Boulevard style Business Loop-81. The heavily congested Interstate-81 will be re-routed around the city onto the already existing Interstate-481. This project is estimated to cost around 2.25 billion dollars, and will be completed over a multi-year process.[96] Construction has already begun in portions of North Syracuse at the I-81 and I-481 interchange.[97]
Two
- U.S. Highway 11 (Route 223 in Quebec to New Orleans) runs north–south through Syracuse, including downtown, and it follows Salina, State, and Wolf Streets.
- U.S. Highway 20 (Boston to Newport, Oregon) passes south of Syracuse.
- NY 104in Oswego to the terminus of Interstate 481 north of Syracuse.
- NY 631.
- New York State Route 695 is a short state highway west of Syracuse in the village of Solvay in Onondaga County. The number of the highway was derived from the two highways that NY 695 links, Interstate 690 and NY 5.
- New York State Route 5 runs east–west through Syracuse, including downtown, and follows Erie Boulevard and West Genesee Street.
- New York State Route 80's western terminus is at NY 175 on the south side. The route follows Valley Drive.
- New York State Route 92's western terminus is in downtown Syracuse at US 11. The route follows East Genesee Street.
- New York State Route 173 runs east–west through Syracuse and follows the Seneca Turnpike through the South Valley neighborhood.
- New York State Route 175 follows South Avenue and West Kennedy Street to its eastern terminus at US 11.
- New York State Route 290's western terminus is at US 11 just north of I-81. The route follows James Street.
- New York State Route 298's western terminus is at exit 9 on I-690. The route follows Bear and Court Streets, Genant Drive and Sunset Avenue.
- New York State Route 370's eastern terminus is at US 11 in the Lakefront neighborhood. The route follows Park Street.
- New York State Route 598 is a short north–south highway following Midler Avenue to its southern terminus at NY 5.
Public works
Public services such as garbage pickup, street plowing, sewage, and street and traffic maintenance are provided by the Department of Public Works (DPW).[98]
Utilities
The Syracuse water system was one of the few water systems built and operated before federal funding. The water system was constructed mainly to support the industries around Syracuse, New York. Construction of Syracuse's water system began in 1868.[99] The water is brought in on a gravity fed system from Skaneateles Lake, through an unfiltered system, and carried into the city. It is noted for having some of the best drinking water in the nation,[100] due to the quality of the lake.
In 2015, the city experienced an average of at least one water main break per day. Between 2005 and 2015, the city suffered 2,000 water main breaks. Mayor Stephanie Miner estimated of the cost to fix the city's water infrastructure at $1 billion over a 10–15-year period.[101] On February 25, 2015, Miner testified before a joint hearing of the state Assembly Ways and Means Committee and state Senate Finance Committee. Miner testified that the 2014 polar vortex contributed to the increase in Syracuse's water main break.[102]
On March 3, the 100th water main break in Syracuse in 2015 occurred on James Street.[103] Early in 2015, Miner lobbied the state for funding to fix the city's aging water system. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo declined to help, stating that the city should improve its economy and increase tax revenues, which would enable the city to fund their own water pipe repairs.[104]
Police department
The Syracuse Police Department (SPD) is the principal law enforcement agency of the city of Syracuse, New York.[105] For 2017–18, the police department budget was $48.5 million (~$59.3 million in 2023).[106] Effective April 22, 2022, longtime Deputy Chief Joe Cecile is Chief of the SPD, following his predecessor Kenton Buckner's retirement.[107] Police headquarters is in the John C. Dillon Public Safety Building at 511 South State Street.[108] The SPD is divided into three patrol zones North (Lakefront, Northside, Eastwood, Tip Hill), South West (Strathmore, Valley, Southside, Near-Westside), and Southeast (University Area, Downtown, Meadowbrook, Eastside).[109]
In 2019, a jury awarded Elijah Johnson $35,000 (~$41,710 in 2023) after he was beaten with unreasonable force by three police officers while being arrested. In addition, the city was forced to pay attorneys fees, at a total cost to taxpayers of $213,000.[110]
Surveillance
Established in 2011, SPD operates a network of 521[111] surveillance cameras called the Criminal Observation and Protection System (COPS).[112][113] Between 2011 and 2014 more than 40 utility pole mounted cameras were installed, mainly in the Southwest and Northeast neighborhoods.[114] The cameras were funded by federal, state, and private grants. In Summer 2014, 10 cameras were approved for installation in Downtown Syracuse, the first area not targeted because of high levels of violent crime.[115] Live monitoring of Clinton Square for suspicious people during events and festivals was planned, although police agreed to a prohibition on the use of cameras to monitor protests.[116] Twenty-five additional cameras were planned to be installed in 2016.[113]
In spring 2017, the surveillance system was augmented with the installation of ShotSpotter gunshot detection sensors. Syracuse Mayor Stephanie Miner cited increasing public acceptance of police cameras and lower technology costs as factors in the decision.[117]
Fire department
The Syracuse Fire Department (SFD) has the responsibility of protecting the City of Syracuse from fires and other dangers. The department provides multiple services in addition to fire related calls: multi-county regional HAZ-MAT response,first response to medical and trauma calls, unmanned aerial vehicle (drone) capabilities,and teams experienced in high-angle rope,swift water,and confined space rescue operations. The Chief of Fire is Michael J. Monds.
Notable people
In fiction
Sister cities
Syracuse's
- Chiayi City, Taiwan[119]
- Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Taiz, Yemen
- Tampere, Finland
- Irpin, Ukraine[120][121]
See also
Notes
- 2020 census.[2]
- ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
- ^ Official records for Syracuse kept at downtown from August 1902 to April 1938, Syracuse Municipal Airport from May 1938 to September 17, 1949, and at Syracuse Hancock Int'l since September 18, 1949.[36]
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