TRPV
| Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Homology model of the TRPV1 ion channel tetramer (where the monomers are individually colored cyan, green, blue, and magenta respective) imbedded in a cartoon representation of a lipid bilayer. PIP2 signaling ligands are represented by space-filling models (carbon = white, oxygen = red, phosphorus = orange).[1] | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | TRP | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF06011 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR010308 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
TRPV is a family of transient receptor potential cation channels (TRP channels) in animals. All TRPVs are highly calcium selective.
TRP channels are a large group of
("ML" for mucolipin).Structure
Functional TRPV ion channels are tetrameric in structure and are either homo-tetrameric (four identical subunits) or hetero-tetrameric (a total of four subunits selected from two or more types of subunits). The four subunits are symmetrically arranged around the ion conduction pore. Although the extent of heteromerization has been the subject of some debate, the most recent research in this area suggest that all four thermosensitive TRPVs (1-4) can form heteromers with each other. This result is in line with the general observation that TRP coassembly tends to occur between subunits with high sequence similarities. How TRP subunits recognize and interact with each other is still poorly understood.[6][7]
The TRPV channel
Function
TRPV proteins respond to the taste of garlic (allicin). TRPV1 contributes to heat and inflammation sensations and mediates the pungent odor and pain sensations associated with capsaicin and piperine.
Family members
The table below summarizes the functions and properties of the individual TRPV channel family members:[10][11]
| group | channel | function | tissue distribution | Ca2+/Na+ selectivity |
heteromeric associated subunits | other associated proteins |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | TRPV1 | vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor and noxious thermosensor (43 °C) | CNS and PNS | 9:1 | TRPV2, TRPV3 | calmodulin, PI3 kinase |
| TRPV2 | osmo- and noxious heat thermosensor (52 °C) | CNS, spleen and lung | 3:1 | TRPV1 | ||
| TRPV3 | warmth sensor channel (33-39 °C) | Skin, CNS and PNS | 12:1 | TRPV1 | ||
| TRPV4 | osmo- and warmth sensor channel (27-34 °C) | CNS and internal organs;
human sperm[12] |
6:1 | aquaporin 5, calmodulin, pacsin 3
| ||
| 2 | TRPV5 | calcium-selective TRP channel | intestine, kidney, placenta | 100:1 | TRPV6 | annexin II / S100A10 , calmodulin
|
| TRPV6 | calcium-selective TRP channel | kidney, intestine | 130:1 | TRPV5 | annexin II / S100A10, calmodulin |
Clinical significance
Mutations in TRPs have been linked to
Role in cancer
Altered expression of TRP proteins often leads to
As drug targets
Four TRPVs (TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, and TRPV4) are expressed in
See also
References
- PMID 17548815.)
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ PMID 3129667.
- S2CID 4200329.
- S2CID 8908180.
- ISBN 978-94-007-0264-6.
- PMID 18220815.
- PMID 17325193.)
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - PMID 9535843.)
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - S2CID 7326120.
- S2CID 17936350.
- PMID 17579562.
- PMID 29963982.
- S2CID 11450214.
- ^ PMID 17616360.
- S2CID 11450214.
- S2CID 6276214.
External links
- Transient+Receptor+Potential+Channels at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- "Transient Receptor Potential Channels". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
- "TRIP Database". a manually curated database of protein-protein interactions for mammalian TRP channels.